scholarly journals Agronomic performance and genotypic diversity for morphological traits among early maize genotypes

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bhim Nath Adhikari ◽  
Jiban Shrestha ◽  
Bishal Dhakal ◽  
Bishnu Prasad Joshi ◽  
Naba Raj Bhatta
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Genotypic Diversity ◽  
Agronomic Performance ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Maize Germplasm ◽  
Maize Genotypes ◽  
Ear Height

Detailed information on the genetic diversity between maize germplasm (Zea mays L.) is useful for their systematic and efficient use in breeding programs. Fourteen early maize genotypes were studied to assess their performance and genotypic diversity at Doti, Nepal in 2015. Days to tasseling, days to silking, plant height, ear height, ear length, ear diameter and grain yield were significant among genotypes. Genotype SO3TEY-PO-BM, COMPOL-NIOBP and ACROSS-99402 were found higher yielder with earlier maturity. Days to tasseling (0.85), days to silking (0.82), plant height (0.79), ear length (0.71) and ear diameter (0.66) were found highly heritable traits. Grain yield (0.39) and ear height (0.47) medium and remaining traits showed low heritability. High PCV was observed for grain yield (35.10%), number of plants/plot (34.46%), tesseling silking interval (26.85%), harvested ears/plot (24.45%) and husk cover rating (22.85%) where other traits showed medium to low PCV. Grain yield showed high GCV (21.96%), ear height and husk cover had medium and remaining traits showed low GCV (<10%). Plant height (r₌0.498), harvested plants/plot (r₌0.412), harvested ear/plot (r₌0.762), ear length (r₌0.472) and ear diameter (r₌0.470) showed significant positive correlation with grain yield. The yield can be improved if selection applied in favor of those yield components.

Identification of QTLs for plant height, ear height and grain yield in maize (Zea mays L.) in response to nitrogen and phosphorus supply

2012 ◽  
Vol 131 (4) ◽  
pp. 502-510 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongguang Cai ◽  
Qun Chu ◽  
Riliang Gu ◽  
Lixing Yuan ◽  
Jianchao Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Ear Height

scholarly journals Agronomic Performance and Genetic Divergence in Corn (Zea mays) in the Cerrado-Amazon Ecotone

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Rafael Marcelino Da Silva ◽  
Weder Ferreira dos Santos ◽  
Matheus Rodrigues de Andrade ◽  
Zildiney Dantas Da Silva ◽  
Layanni Ferreira Sodré Santos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Experimental Design ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Genetic Divergence ◽  
Optimization Method ◽  
Multivariate Model ◽  
Agronomic Performance ◽  
Ear Height ◽  
Generalized Distance

The objective of this work is to study the agronomic performance and genetic divergence in corn in the Cerrado-Amazon ecotone. The trials were conducted in the 2017/18 harvest at a property in the state of Pará. The experimental design was a randomized block with nine treatments and three replications, where the treatments are represented by nine cultivars of corn. The characteristics to evaluate agronomic performance and genetic divergence were: ear height (cm), plant height (cm), ear length (cm), ear diameter (mm), number of rows, number of grains per row and grain yield (kg ha−1). The cultivars were separated into a multivariate model in five groups using the Tocher optimization method. The cultivar AG 1051 showed the best agronomic performance. The results of genetic divergence were according to the generalized distance of Mahalanobis (D2), with the commences AG 8088 x CATIVERDE and AG 1051 x AL BANDEIRANTE, the most promising for future crosses.

scholarly journals Fodder and Grain Yield in Native Maize (Zea mays L.)

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
J.Alberto.S Escalante-Estrada ◽  
M.T. Rodríguez-González ◽  
Y. I. Escalante-Estrada
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Total Biomass ◽  
Study Region ◽  
Maize Cultivars ◽  
Maize Genotypes ◽  
The Relationship

Objective: To quantify the grain yield, biomass, crop stubble, and leaf:stalk index in seven varieties of maize (Zea mays L.), as well as the relationship between biomass, stubble, and plant height. Design/Methodology/Approach: The process consisted in planting seven genotypes of native maize (Zea mays L.). The experimental design comprised randomized blocks with four repetitions. The plant’s height, total biomass, its accumulation in stalk, leaf, husk, cob, grain, and stubble (biomass of stalk?leaf?husk?cob) were evaluated. A varianceanalysis, the Tukey means comparison test, and a regression analysis were applied. Results: Significant differences were found between the native maize genotypes. Notable cases were the Ixtenco Yellow, followed in terms of biomass and stubble by the Texcoco White-Wide, then the Ixtenco White and Red. The plant height determined biomass in 67% and stubble in 77%. Study Limitations/Implications: The tendencies found could vary depending on the native cultivars studied and their management. Findings/Conclusions: In the study region, there are differences between native maize cultivars for the agronomic characteristics evaluated. With respect to the yield of grain, biomass, and stubble, the Ixtenco Yellow cultivar was outstanding, followed by the Texcoco White-Wide, and Ixtenco White and Red. The plant height determined biomass in 67%, and stubble quantity in 77%.

scholarly journals THE EFFECT OF DIFFERENT SOWING TIMES ON FRESH EAR YIELD AND YIELD COMPONENTS IN SWEET CORN (ZEA MAYS L. SACCHARATA STURT.) VARIETIES

2021 ◽  
Vol 186 (2) ◽  
pp. 183-199
Author(s):  
Sevda KILINÇ ◽  
Şehmus ATAKUL ◽  
Şerif KAHRAMAN ◽  
Hüsnü AKTAŞ ◽  
İrfan ERDEMCİ ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Sweet Corn ◽  
Sowing Time ◽  
Sowing Dates ◽  
Yield And Yield Components ◽  
Ear Height ◽  
Ear Number

This study was carried out to investigate the effects of different sowing times on duration of tasselling, plant height, first ear height, ear length, ear diameter, number of ears per plant, fresh ear yield with husk, fresh ear yield unhusked, and marketable number of ears of different sweet corn (Zea mays L. saccharata Sturt.) varieties in Diyarbakır between the years of 2010-2012. The trial was conducted as split plots in randomised complete blocks with three replications. The main plots were sowing times, and the sub-plots were varieties. The trials were carried out at eight different sowing times (1 April, 15 April, 1 May, 15 May, 1 June, 15 June, 1 July and 15 July) with ‘Merit’, ‘Jubilee’, ‘Lumina’, ‘Vega’ and ‘Sakarya’ composite sweet corn varieties. From the variance analysis of the three-year combined average, the duration of tasselling, plant height, first ear height, ear length, ear diameter, number of ears per plant, fresh husked ear yield, fresh unhusked ear yield and marketable ear number were statistically significant for sowing times and varieties. According to the sowing time × variety interaction, except ears per plant and first ear height values, all other traits were significant. The fresh husked and unhusked ear yields varied between 8541.7-19396.8 kg ha-1 and 5065.0-13485.7 kg ha-1, respectively. The highest fresh husked and fresh unhusked ear yields were obtained from the 15 April sowing time of ‘Vega’ variety. The results state that optimal sowing dates for different varieties of sweet corn could be from 1 April to 1 May, and the most suitable variety to be planted is ‘Vega’ in Diyarbakır conditions.

scholarly journals Combining ability and heterosis for yield, precocity and height in yellow maize genotypes

2020 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 410-429
Author(s):  
Victor Mario García Mora ◽  
Julián Chura Chuquija ◽  
Julio Torres
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Inbred Lines ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Lattice Design ◽  
Maize Genotypes ◽  
Ear Height ◽  
Female Flowering ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Additive Genes

The objective of the present study was to determine the general combinatorial aptitude (GCA), specific combinatorial aptitude (SCA) and heterosis in inbred lines of yellow maize and its crosses for, the yield of grain, height of plant and ear and days to male and female flowering. Six inbred lines from CIMMYT, their direct crosses and four controls were evaluated at UNALM during 2016-2018, under a 5 x 5 lattice design with four repetitions. The effects of GCA and SCA were calculated using method II, model I of Griffing. Heterosis was measured based on the mean and best parent. Heterosis was measured based on the mean and best parent. The combined analysis of years showed significance (p ≤ 0.01) in: genotypes by years for days to male and female flowering; GCA for years for days to male flowering and SCA for years for days to female flowering. The effects of ACG for grain yield were significant in lines CML 229 and CML 428, for plant height, precocity, ear and precocity CML 487 line highlighted. The effect of ACE was superior in the cross CML 453 x CML 486 for the grain yield character. Heterosis was higher for the grain yield in the CML 229 x CML 453 and CML 453 x CML 487 crosses. The GCA / SCA relationship evidenced effects of additive genes on plant height, days to male and female flowering, therefore, for grain yield and ear height, non-additive effects governed.

scholarly journals Combining ability of inbred lines of maize and stability of their respective single-crosses

2003 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-89 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aurélio Mendes Aguiar ◽  
Luciana Aparecida Carlini-Garcia ◽  
Adelmo Resende da Silva ◽  
Mateus Figueiredo Santos ◽  
Antonio Augusto Franco Garcia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Combining Ability ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Diallel Analysis ◽  
Inbred Lines ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Single Cross ◽  
Ear Height

The utilization of diallel crosses for identification of superior combinations is a common practice in maize (Zea mays L.) breeding programs. This methodology allows the estimation of the combining ability of genotypes being evaluated. In this work, five inbred lines were evaluated as to their general (GCA) and specific (SCA) combining abilities, by using a complete diallel scheme. The single-crosses produced between these inbred lines were evaluated in seven environments, along with two checks, by using a randomized complete block design. Traits analized were: grain yield, plant height, ear height, ear placement, and prolificacy. A diallel analysis was carried out, following an adaptation of Griffing's method IV, in addition to hybrid stability and adaptability analyses. Significant differences were detected for entries and environments for all traits. The interaction genotype vs. environment was significant for all traits. GCA's were significant for all traits, while SCA's were non-significant only for ear placement. For grain yield, both additive (GCA) and non-additive (SCA) effects were important, while for the remaining traits additive effects were more important. The high yielding single-cross was obtained from the cross of lines L-08-05F and L-38-05D. Those inbred lines showed higher GCA's and their cross also had high SCA; also, it is responsive to environment improvements and reasonably stable. The second in rank high yielding single-cross, L-46-10D x L-08-05F, showed wide adaptability and stability.

scholarly journals Inheritance of Plant and Ear Height in Maize (Zea Mays L.)

2002 ◽  
pp. 34-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zsuzsanna Zsubori ◽  
Zsuzsanna Gyenes-Hegyi ◽  
Ottó Illés ◽  
István Pók ◽  
Ferenc Rácz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Pests And Diseases ◽  
Stover Yield ◽  
Ear Height ◽  
Positive Correlations

Plant and ear height are very important characters not only for describing new varieties of maize (Zea mays L.), but for green and dry matter production, and even for grain yield. Significant positive correlations have been reported by various authors between plant height and stover yield, plant height and dry matter yield, and plant height and grain yield. The height of the main ear is also correlated to plant height. It depends on the variety or the environment, but is likely to be the same height within a population. Many environmental and agronomical factors (e.g. plant density, fertilization, pests and diseases) influence the expression of these characters, which are not quality traits. Their expression is controlled by many genes and by the interactions between these genes. The heritability of these traits is high and they show significant genotypic variability and positive heterosis, as reported in many research publications.

scholarly journals Correlation, regression and cluster analyses on yield attributes and popping characteristics of popcorn (Zea mays L. everta) in derived savanna and rainforest agro-ecologies of Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 117 (3) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Oloruntoba Olatayo OLAKOJO ◽  
Folusho BANKOLE ◽  
Dotun OGUNNIYAN
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Stepwise Multiple Regression ◽  
Agronomic Characters ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Yield Attributes ◽  
Derived Savanna ◽  
Ear Height ◽  
The Relationship

<p class="042abstractstekst"><span lang="EN-US">Information on the genetic and agronomic relationship among the crop characters is important for the breeding programs. This study aimed at determining the relationship among grain yield, popping expansion and other agronomic characters in 19 popcorn lines evaluated in replicated trials at two locations. Correlation analysis was carried out to determine the relationship between agronomic traits while multiple stepwise regression analyses was used to determine the contribution of other agronomic traits to grain yield. Results showed that plant and ear heights as well as cob length exhibited positive and significant association with grain yield. Popping volume showed negative and significant association (-0.45**) with grain yield while 100-grain mass had a negative and significant correlation (-0.37**) with popping volume. Stepwise multiple regression analysis showed that ear height, cob length, plant aspect and 100-grain mass contributed a total of 53.66 % to variation in grain yield, with ear height contributing the highest portion (22.51 %). Cluster analysis grouped popcorn lines into four different clusters, where ‘Small Pearl Shaped’ and ‘Popcorn 33-1-Y’ belonged to cluster II and IV, respectively, showing how divergent they are and possible utilization for hybrid formation. Improvement for popcorn should focus on identifying lines with acceptable level of popping volume and improved on their grain yield and yield attributes.</span></p>

scholarly journals Combining ability and heterosis in common bean cultivars

2008 ◽  
Vol 43 (9) ◽  
pp. 1143-1150 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Celeste Gonçalves-Vidigal ◽  
Lucas Silvério ◽  
Haroldo Tavares Elias ◽  
Pedro Soares Vidigal Filho ◽  
Marcus Vinícius Kvitschal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Common Bean ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Combining Ability ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Genetic Effects ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Combining Abilities ◽  
Number Of Seeds

The objective of this work was to determine the combining ability and heterosis, for productivity and yield components, in diallel hybrids derived from crossings between BRSMG-Talismã, IPR Uirapuru, FT Soberano, BRS Campeiro, IAC Tybatã, and IPR Juriti parent cultivars. Fifteen hybrids were generated from diallel crosses, excluding reciprocals. The general and specific combining abilities were significant for plant height, number of pods per plant, number of seeds per plant, number of seeds per pod, 50-seed weight, and grain yield, indicating the occurrence of both additive and nonadditive genetic effects. The best strategy to be adopted is the use of BRS Campeiro, FT Soberano and BRSMG-Talismã cultivars in common bean breeding programs involving selection. The most promising combinations were 'IPR Uirapuru' x 'IAC Tybatã', 'IPR Uirapuru' x 'FT Soberano', 'BRS Campeiro' x 'IPR Juriti', and 'BRS Campeiro' x 'IAC Tybatã'. The parents of these hybrids presented high estimates of specific combining abilities. Hybridization of cultivars belonging to distinguished commercial groups propitiates higher heterosis values in the segregant population.

scholarly journals Agronomic Performance of Corn Cultivars in Low-Altitude in the Cerrado-Amazon Ecotone

2020 ◽  
pp. 126-133
Author(s):  
Weder Ferreira dos Santos ◽  
Lara Rythelle Souza Bequiman ◽  
Lucas Carneiro Maciel ◽  
Joênes Mucci Peluzio ◽  
Osvaldo José Ferreira Júnior ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Design ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Agronomic Performance ◽  
Grain Production ◽  
Open Pollination ◽  
The South ◽  
Corn Hybrids ◽  
Ear Height ◽  
Low Altitude

e of this study was to evaluate the agronomic performance of corn cultivars for grain production in the south at low altitude in the Cerrado-Amazon ecotone. Place: The research was carried out at Sítio Vitória (8°18'32.0"S, 50°36'58.0"W, 278 MASL), in the south of the state of Pará, Brazil. Study Design: The experimental design was randomized blocks with twelve treatments and three replications. The treatments were eight corn hybrids: AG 1051, AG 8088, BM 3051, BR 2022, BR 205, BR 206, BRS 3046 and PR 27D28; and four open pollination populations: AL BANDEIRANTE, ANHEMBI, CATIVERDE and M 274. Methodology: Sowed on January 28, 2019. The following characteristics were evaluated: ear height, plant height, number of grains per row, ear diameter, ear length, ear weight and grain yield. Results: The cultivars showed a difference for all traits. The grain yield of the cultivars ranged from 4,567 kg ha-1 (BR 205) to 9,450 kg ha-1 (AG 1051). Conclusion: The hybrids AG 1051 and BM 3051 were the ones that stood out the most, had the best performance in the Cerrado-Amazon ecotone.

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