scholarly journals Body composition assessment before and after weight loss following a Roux-en-Y gastric bypass. Are bioimpedanciometry estimations reliable?

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriela Noemi Carrasco Navarro ◽  
Fernando Carrasco ◽  
Pamela Rojas Moncada ◽  
Karin Papapietro ◽  
Gabriela Salazar
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Gastric Bypass ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Body Composition Assessment ◽  
Before And After

Body composition assessment in extreme obesity and after massive weight loss induced by gastric bypass surgery

2003 ◽  
Vol 284 (6) ◽  
pp. E1080-E1088 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sai Krupa Das ◽  
Susan B. Roberts ◽  
Joseph J. Kehayias ◽  
Jack Wang ◽  
L. K. George Hsu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Gastric Bypass ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Reference Method ◽  
Fat Free Mass ◽  
Extreme Obesity ◽  
Body Composition Assessment ◽  
Air Displacement Plethysmography ◽  
Time Points ◽  
3C Model

Body composition methods were examined in 20 women [body mass index (BMI) 48.7 ± 8.8 kg/m2] before and after weight loss [−44.8 ± 14.6 (SD) kg] after gastric bypass (GBP) surgery. The reference method, a three-compartment (3C) model using body density by air displacement plethysmography and total body water (TBW) by H2 18O dilution (3C-H2 18O), showed a decrease in percent body fat (%BF) from 51.4 to 34.6%. Fat-free mass hydration was significantly higher than the reference value (0.738) in extreme obesity (0.756; P < 0.001) but not after weight reduction (0.747; P = 0.16). %BF by H2 18O dilution and air displacement plethysmography differed significantly from %BF by 3C-H2 18O in extreme obesity ( P< 0.05) and 3C models using 2H2O or bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) to determine TBW improved mean %BF estimates over most other methods at both time points. BIA results varied with the equation used, but BIA better predicted %BF than did BMI at both time points. All methods except BIA using the Segal equation were comparable to the reference method for determining changes over time. A simple 3C model utilizing air displacement plethysmography and BIA is useful for clinical evaluation in this population.

scholarly journals Uric acid is associated with adiposity factors, especially with fat mass reduction during weight loss in obese children and adolescents

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yang Niu ◽  
Xue-lin Zhao ◽  
Hui-juan Ruan ◽  
Xiao-meng Mao ◽  
Qing-ya Tang
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Uric Acid ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Dietary Control ◽  
Obese Children ◽  
Fat Percentage ◽  
Before And After

Abstract Background Current adult studies suggest that uric acid (UA) is associated with body fat, but the relationship in obese children is unclear. Thus, we aim to evaluate the association between uric acid and body composition of obese children. Methods A total of 79 obese children were included in this study, and 52 children (34 boys and 18 girls) underwent a 6-week weight loss camp, including 34 boys and 18 girls. Six-week weight-loss interventions were performed on all participants through aerobic exercise and appropriate dietary control. Laboratory tests and body composition were collected before and after the intervention. Results Before the intervention, correlation analysis demonstrated that uric acid was positively correlated with height, weight, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, hip circumference, fat mass (FM), and free fat mass (FFM) with adjusting for age and gender (P < 0.05). After 6 weeks of intervention, the participants gained 3.12 ± 0.85 cm in height, body fat percentage decreased by 7.23 ± 1.97%, and lost 10.30 ± 2.83 kg in weight. Univariate and multivariate analysis indicated that uric acid at baseline was associated with FM reduction during weight loss (P < 0.05). Conclusions This study is the first report that uric acid is associated with BMI and FM, and may play an important role in the reduction of FM during weight loss in obese children and adolescents. The interaction between UA and adiposity factors and its underlying mechanisms need to be further explored. Trial registration This study was registered in Clinical Trials.gov (NCT03490448) and approved by the Ethics Committee of Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine.

Changes in Resting Energy Expenditure and Body Composition after Weight Loss following Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass

2007 ◽  
Vol 17 (5) ◽  
pp. 608-616 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernando Carrasco ◽  
Karin Papapietro ◽  
Attila Csendes ◽  
Gabriela Salazar ◽  
Constanza Echenique ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Gastric Bypass ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Resting Energy Expenditure ◽  
Resting Energy

Effect of Two Different Weight-Loss Rates on Body Composition and Strength and Power-Related Performance in Elite Athletes

2011 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 97-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ina Garthe ◽  
Truls Raastad ◽  
Per Egil Refsnes ◽  
Anu Koivisto ◽  
Jorunn Sundgot-Borgen
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Elite Athletes ◽  
Countermovement Jump ◽  
Repetition Maximum ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Mean ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Better Than

When weight loss (WL) is necessary, athletes are advised to accomplish it gradually, at a rate of 0.5–1 kg/wk. However, it is possible that losing 0.5 kg/wk is better than 1 kg/wk in terms of preserving lean body mass (LBM) and performance. The aim of this study was to compare changes in body composition, strength, and power during a weekly body-weight (BW) loss of 0.7% slow reduction (SR) vs. 1.4% fast reduction (FR). We hypothesized that the faster WL regimen would result in more detrimental effects on both LBM and strength-related performance. Twenty-four athletes were randomized to SR (n = 13, 24 ± 3 yr, 71.9 ± 12.7 kg) or FR (n = 11, 22 ± 5 yr, 74.8 ± 11.7 kg). They followed energy-restricted diets promoting the predetermined weekly WL. All athletes included 4 resistance-training sessions/wk in their usual training regimen. The mean times spent in intervention for SR and FR were 8.5 ± 2.2 and 5.3 ± 0.9 wk, respectively (p < .001). BW, body composition (DEXA), 1-repetition-maximum (1RM) tests, 40-m sprint, and countermovement jump were measured before and after intervention. Energy intake was reduced by 19% ± 2% and 30% ± 4% in SR and FR, respectively (p = .003). BW and fat mass decreased in both SR and FR by 5.6% ± 0.8% and 5.5% ± 0.7% (0.7% ± 0.8% vs. 1.0% ± 0.4%/wk) and 31% ± 3% and 21 ± 4%, respectively. LBM increased in SR by 2.1% ± 0.4% (p < .001), whereas it was unchanged in FR (–0.2% ± 0.7%), with significant differences between groups (p < .01). In conclusion, data from this study suggest that athletes who want to gain LBM and increase 1RM strength during a WL period combined with strength training should aim for a weekly BW loss of 0.7%.

Ghrelin and Obestatin Levels in Severely Obese Women Before and After Weight Loss After Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass Surgery

2008 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian L. Roth ◽  
Thomas Reinehr ◽  
Gerit-Holger Schernthaner ◽  
Hans-Peter Kopp ◽  
Stefan Kriwanek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Gastric Bypass ◽  
Bypass Surgery ◽  
Gastric Bypass Surgery ◽  
Obese Women ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Severely Obese

scholarly journals Comparison of Body Composition Assessment Methods in Patients with Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Associated Wasting Receiving Growth Hormone

2006 ◽  
Vol 91 (8) ◽  
pp. 2952-2959 ◽  
Author(s):  
John G. Esposito ◽  
Scott G. Thomas ◽  
Lori Kingdon ◽  
Shereen Ezzat
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Bioelectrical Impedance ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Fat Free Mass ◽  
Daily Injection ◽  
Crossover Fashion ◽  
Treatment Change ◽  
Body Composition Assessment ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Rhgh Treatment

Abstract Context: Bioelectrical impedance spectroscopy (BIS) and skinfold anthropometry (SKF) have been used to monitor body composition among patients with HIV wasting; however, validation of these techniques during recombinant human GH (rhGH) treatment has not been performed. Objective: Our objective was to evaluate the degree of agreement between criterion measurements of dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) and those of BIS and SKF in patients with HIV wasting treated with rhGH. Design and Setting: We conducted a randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled, two-period crossover trial at the University of Toronto and Mount Sinai Hospital (Toronto, Canada). Patients: A referred sample of 27 community-dwelling men with HIV-associated weight loss (≥10% over preceding 12 months) despite optimal antiretroviral therapy participated in the study. Intervention: Intervention was one daily injection of rhGH (6 mg) or placebo self-administered for 3 months in a crossover fashion with a 3-month washout. Main Outcome Measures: Fat-free mass (FFM) and fat mass (FM) were measured by BIS, SKF, and DXA before and after rhGH and placebo treatment. Results: FFMBIS was not significantly different from FFMDXA after rhGH treatment (P = 0.10). Mean differences (bias ± sd) according to Bland-Altman analysis were smaller for SKF than for BIS (P &lt; 0.05) at all time points, yet treatment-induced change in FM was better detected with BIS than with SKF. BIS estimates of FFM and FM showed better agreement with those of DXA after rhGH treatment (1.6 ± 4.6 kg and −2.1 ± 3.9 kg) compared with baseline (3.8 ± 3.5 kg and −4.1 ± 3.6 kg) and placebo (2.7 ± 4.4 kg and −3.1 ± 4.6) (P &lt; 0.05). BIS overestimated and SKF underestimated the treatment-induced changes in FFM and FM. Conclusions: SKF was more accurate than BIS when measuring body composition in patients with HIV wasting before and after rhGH treatment; nonetheless, the accuracy of BIS increased after treatment. Change in FM because of treatment was not accurately assessed with SKF.

scholarly journals Appetite Control Might not Be Improved after Weight Loss in Adolescents with Obesity, Despite Non-Persistent Metabolic Syndrome

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 3885
Author(s):  
Valérie Julian ◽  
Laurie Isacco ◽  
Marwa Khammassi ◽  
Alicia Fillon ◽  
Maud Miguet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Weight Loss Intervention ◽  
Appetite Control ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Daily Energy ◽  
Before And After

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of a multidisciplinary weight loss intervention on energy intake and appetite sensations in adolescents with obesity, depending on the initial diagnosis or persistence of the metabolic syndrome. Ninety-two adolescents with obesity (12–15 years) followed a 16-week multidisciplinary weight loss intervention. Anthropometric and body composition characteristics, metabolic profile, ad libitum daily energy intake, and appetite sensations were assessed before and after the intervention. The presence of metabolic syndrome (MS) was determined at baseline (MS vs. non-MS) and after the program (persistent vs. non-persistent). While the intervention was effective in inducing weight loss (body weight T0: 87.1 ± 14.9 vs. T1: 81.2 ± 13.0 kg; p < 0.001) and body composition improvements in both adolescents with and without MS, energy intake (p = 0.07), hunger (p = 0.008), and prospective food consumption (p = 0.03) increased, while fullness decreased (p = 0.04) in both groups. Energy intake and appetite were not improved in non-persistent MS after the program and remained significantly higher among non-persistent adolescents compared with initially non-MS adolescents. To conclude, appetite control seems impaired in obese adolescents, irrespective of being affected by MS or not, whereas the treatment of MS in this population might fail to effectively preclude the adolescents from potential post-intervention compensatory food intake and subsequent weight regain.

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