Tip Growing Actuator with the Hose-Like Structure Aiming for Inspection on Narrow Terrain

2011 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 516-522 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hideyuki Tsukagoshi ◽  
◽  
Nobuyuki Arai ◽  
Ichiro Kiryu ◽  
Ato Kitagawa
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Growth Process ◽  
Maximum Speed ◽  
Flexible Hose ◽  
Head Unit ◽  
Flat Tubes ◽  
Outer Environment ◽  
The Way

This paper proposes a flexible hose-like fluid actuator to inspect narrow curved or bumpy terrain. The tip alone moves forward and the rest remains stationary, enabling the actuator to move smoothly without interfering with the outer environment – a concept based on the plant growth process. The actuator consists of multiple flexible flat tubes bent in the skin, whose bending point is involved in preventing fluid from passing through. The actuator can also steer the direction in which the tip lengthens, while the shape of the rest remains unchanged. Our Grow-hose-I prototype is 62 mm in diameter and grows at a maximum speed of 500 mm/s while producing a 45 N drive. The way of carrying a head unit equipped with a camera is discussed and feasibility of the actuator’s inspection on narrow terrain is demonstrated.

scholarly journals Active sampling in visual search is coupled to the cardiac cycle

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alejandro Galvez-Pol ◽  
Ruth McConnell ◽  
James M. Kilner
Keyword(s):  
Visual Search ◽  
Eye Movements ◽  
Cardiac Cycle ◽  
Relevant Information ◽  
Maximal Effect ◽  
Active Sampling ◽  
The World ◽  
Systolic Phase ◽  
Outer Environment ◽  
The Way

AbstractRecent research has demonstrated that perception and reasoning vary according to the phase of internal bodily signals such as heartbeat. This has been shown by locking the presentation of sensory events to distinct phases of the cardiac cycle. However, task-relevant information is not usually encountered in such a phase-locked manner nor passively accessed, but rather actively sampled at one’s own pace. Moreover, if the phase of the cardiac cycle is an important modulator of perception and cognition, as previously proposed, then the way in which we actively sample the world should be similarly modulated by the phase of the cardiac cycle. Here we tested this by coregistration of eye movements and heartbeat signals while participants freely compared differences between two visual arrays. Across three different analyses, we found a significant coupling of saccades, subsequent fixations, and blinks with the cardiac cycle. More eye movements were generated during the systolic phase of the cardiac cycle, which has been reported as the period of maximal effect of the baroreceptors’ activity upon cognition. Conversely, more fixations were found during the diastole phase (quiescent baroreceptors). Lastly, more blinks were generated in the later period of the cardiac cycle. These results suggest that interoceptive and exteroceptive processing do adjust to each other; in our case, by sampling the outer environment during quiescent periods of the inner organism.

Éléments pour une approche morphométrique de la croissance végétale et de la floraison : le cas d'espèces tropicales du modèle de Leeuwenberg

1991 ◽  
Vol 69 (10) ◽  
pp. 2095-2112 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. E. Lauri ◽  
E. Terouanne
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Differential Evolution ◽  
Growth Process ◽  
Apical Meristem ◽  
Leaf Surface ◽  
Ricinus Communis ◽  
Quantitative Description ◽  
Tropical Plants ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Surface Length

A quantitative description of primary growth from the apical meristem activity is proposed for four tropical plants: Alstonia vieillardii var. vieillardii (Apocynaceae), Miconia ciliata (Melastomaceae), Ricinus communis (Euphorbiaceae), and Solanum rugosum (Solanaceae). The development of these four plants corresponds to Leeuwenberg's model. Three parameters were measured at different stages of plant growth: leaf surface, length of the underlying internode, and the surface of the internode section. Two other parameters were derived from these three: parameter T, which summarizes the first three parameters and corresponds to the overall dimension of the leaf–internode system, and parameter D, showing the differential evolution of the leaf surface and the corresponding axial volume. The higher the D value, the higher the predominance shown by the twig over the leaf component. This phenomenon is named axialization. The reciprocal situation is called foliarization. For parameter T, the observed variations are present in all four species and showed an increase followed by a decrease in dimensions during the growth process. From the evolution of parameter D, two processses can be recognized. In A. vieillardii var. vieillardii and Solanum rugosum, the amplitude of variation is wide and can be compared with that of parameter T. In M. ciliata and R. communis, the amplitude of variation is significantly reduced. A link can be established between this morphometric evolution and flowering. The results obtained for these four species are compared with those obtained by other researchers and bring new elements to the study of the relationship between the vegetative evolution of the plant and its flowering. Key words: architecture, morphometry, Leeuwenberg's model, ontogeny. [Journal translation]

scholarly journals THE WAY TO DETERMINE THE APPROXIMATELY HAIL'S DIMENSIONS

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicolae Ilie ◽  
Liviu Apostol ◽  
Aurel Danut Axinte
Keyword(s):  
Free Convection ◽  
Vertical Profile ◽  
Good Knowledge ◽  
Cloud System ◽  
Maximum Speed ◽  
Air Mass ◽  
Convective Clouds ◽  
K Index ◽  
Equilibrium Level ◽  
The Way

To determine those storms associated with the convective clouds is necessary a good knowledge of the vertical profile of the troposphere. To determine this parameter, it's essential to make the Skew-T diagrams. From these, we can extract useful information relating to the level of free convection (LFC), the equilibrium level (EL), and the maximum speed of the updraft. The parameter brought in the discussion is handy to hail's forecast. Therefore, based on this parameter, of the ascendant airflow flux, it can determine the dimension of the hail. Besides to determine the hail's sizes, from Skew-T diagram we can find other parameters, such as the Total Totals Index (TTI), this being useful to decide on the coverage rate of the storms, the K Index (KI) - helpful in the case of convections who occur in the same air-mass. The Skew-T diagrams are useful to determine the conductor flux's speed and direction; this is situated between 700 to 500 hPa geopotential heights. Noteworthy are the synoptically materials, by analyzing the way of disposing of the isobars who can be a good indicator of the severity of the storm. Also, the synoptically materials examine at the 500 hPa, 300 hPa, and 200 hPa geopotential to notice if occur the 'cut-off low' areas in the high troposphere. To see if a cloud system is dangerous of hail will be following the cloud's top temperature.

A Breeding Greenhouse Based on the Intelligent Control System

2012 ◽  
Vol 562-564 ◽  
pp. 1673-1677
Author(s):  
Shou Yu Zhang ◽  
Jian Lin ◽  
Guo Chang Ding ◽  
Xiang Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Control System ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Intelligent Control ◽  
Process Design ◽  
Growth Process ◽  
Environmental Parameters ◽  
Intelligent Control System ◽  
Plant Seedlings

In order to control the greenhouse system of temperature, humidity, the concentration of carbon dioxide and some other environmental parameters during the plant seedlings process, design a greenhouse real-time monitoring system by using a PLC module, this system can realize the function of controling the various environmental parameters during he plant seedlings process to achieve the best environment plant growth process requirements.

Application of Intelligent Expert System on Growth Model of Plant

2013 ◽  
Vol 456 ◽  
pp. 587-590
Author(s):  
Wen Qing Zhang ◽  
Yuan Li ◽  
Xu Guang Liu ◽  
Xu Ning Liu
Keyword(s):  
Expert System ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Growth Model ◽  
Growth Process ◽  
Intelligent System ◽  
Model Simulation ◽  
Ecological Factors ◽  
Management Level ◽  
Integration Mechanism ◽  
Plant Growth Model

In order to simulate growth process of plant, and visually display the growth development of plant under different physiological and ecological factors, the growth model is investigated from the perspective of intelligent expert system. The paper analyzes the structure mechanism of plant growth, introduces the construction process of plant growth model, presents the research of expert system, then discusses the integration mechanism of plant growth model and agricultural intelligent system, proposes the combination frame of the physiological and ecological models of plant, contributing to decision-making of expert system and visually showing the growth process of plant. The practice indicates that the system greatly improves the accuracy and reliability of the model simulation of plant growth and has great significance in improving the management level of plant growth.

scholarly journals Hydroponic Installation Nutrient Film Technique (NFT) System in Politeknik Hasnur

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (01) ◽  
pp. 8-12
Author(s):  
Linda Rahmawati ◽  
Herry Iswahyudi ◽  
Baimy Alexander
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Qualitative Data ◽  
Growth Speed ◽  
Harvest Time ◽  
Hydroponic System ◽  
Descriptive Research ◽  
Nutrient Film Technique ◽  
Increasing Demand ◽  
The Way

The development of aquaculture with a hydroponic system is now more and more chosen by the community because of the increasingly limited land, but also comparable to the increasing demand for water. Hydroponics with the Nutrient Film Technique (NFT) system can be used as a solution to the water needs needed in the cultivation of hydroponics plants. This study aims to design the hydroponic installation of the NFT system and grow plants in the NFT system. The study was conducted with the stages of making the hut, making the installation, seeding, making nutritional solutions and transferring seed to the installation. The research will be conducted for five months. Descriptive research with qualitative data obtained is the way of making the NFT system, plant growth speed and the amount of water needed. Making the installation begin with the construction of the hut and shade then arranges the installation. For lettuce, the harvest time is 38 days dan tomatoes 50 days after the plants are moved to the plant. The need for water in the NFT hydroponic system is 190 liters.

scholarly journals Aux/IAA and ARF Gene Families in Salix suchowensis: Identification, Evolution, and Dynamic Transcriptome Profiling During the Plant Growth Process

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suyun Wei ◽  
Yingnan Chen ◽  
Jing Hou ◽  
Yonghua Yang ◽  
Tongming Yin
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Growth Process ◽  
Transcriptome Profiling ◽  
Gene Families ◽  
Auxin Signaling ◽  
Vascular Differentiation ◽  
Auxin Signaling Pathway ◽  
Functional Involvement ◽  
Functional Features ◽  
Gene Structures

The phytohormone auxin plays a pivotal role in the regulation of plant growth and development, including vascular differentiation and tree growth. The auxin/indole-3-acetic acid (Aux/IAA) and auxin response transcription factor (ARF) genes are key components of plant auxin signaling. To gain more insight into the regulation and functional features of Aux/IAA and ARF genes during these processes, we identified 38 AUX/IAA and 34 ARF genes in the genome of Salix suchowensis and characterized their gene structures, conserved domains, and encoded amino acid compositions. Phylogenetic analysis of some typical land plants showed that the Aux/IAA and ARF genes of Salicaceae originated from a common ancestor and were significantly amplified by the ancestral eudicot hexaploidization event and the “salicoid” duplication that occurred before the divergence of poplar and willow. By analyzing dynamic transcriptome profiling data, some Aux/IAA and ARF genes were found to be involved in the regulation of plant growth, especially in the initial plant growth process. Additionally, we found that the expression of several miR160/miR167-ARFs was in agreement with canonical miRNA–ARF interactions, suggesting that miRNAs were possibly involved in the regulation of the auxin signaling pathway and the plant growth process. In summary, this study comprehensively analyzed the sequence features, origin, and expansion of Aux/IAA and ARF genes, and the results provide useful information for further studies on the functional involvement of auxin signaling genes in the plant growth process.

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