scholarly journals Overview of the Special Issue on the Development of Disaster Statistics

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 1002-1006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daisuke Sasaki ◽  
◽  
Yuichi Ono
Keyword(s):  
Risk Reduction ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Disaster Risk Reduction ◽  
Disaster Risk ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Private Companies ◽  
The Third ◽  
Questionnaire Surveys ◽  
Second Category ◽  
National Governments

At the Third UN World Conference on Disaster Risk Reduction (UNWCDRR) held in March 2015 in Sendai City, Japan, the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015–2030 (SFDRR), containing seven global targets, was adopted by 187 UN member states. With its outcome-oriented but non-numerical targets, quantitative approaches for monitoring disaster damage and loss by national governments became mandatory. The Global Centre for Disaster Statistics (GCDS) in Tohoku University was established in April 2015. The GCDS is expected to contribute to the evidence-based policy making by national and/or local governments. In addition, the GCDS aims at creating a synergy effect among academia, the UN organizations, and private companies in order to provide unprecedented values to all stakeholders worldwide. Under such circumstances, the special issue aims at publishing the research results obtained so far from the relevant studies that have been mainly conducted at the GCDS. The guest editors of the special issue are pleased to publish 13 valuable academic articles closely related to the activities of the GCDS, contributing to the development of disaster statistics. Based on the features of the 13 articles contained in the special issue, there seems to be three major categories of research questions. The first one is to investigate disaster statistics and/or global disaster-related databases. The articles of the first category contribute to the clarification of the characteristics specific to disaster statistics. The second one is to utilize disaster statistics in order to develop the existing discipline-based research. The articles of the second category are quite beneficial for establishing a new possibility of applying disaster statistics for the research so far. The third one is to analyze a variety of issues by means of questionnaire surveys. The articles of the third category are issue-oriented and interdisciplinary. Last but not least, the guest editors hope that the special issue would certainly contribute to the literature of disaster statistics and accelerate their development.

scholarly journals Special Issue on the Development of Disaster Statistics

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 1001-1001
Author(s):  
Yuichi Ono ◽  
Daisuke Sasaki
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
United Nations ◽  
Risk Reduction ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Disaster Risk Reduction ◽  
Development Program ◽  
Disaster Risk ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
International Research Institute ◽  
The United Nations

This special issue presents the findings obtained so far by the relevant studies that have been conducted mainly at the Global Centre for Disaster Statistics (GCDS), which is affiliated with the International Research Institute of Disaster Science (IRIDeS) at Tohoku University, Japan. The establishment of the GCDS was jointly announced by the United Nations Development Program (UNDP) and the IRIDeS in March 2015 during the Third UN World Conference on Disaster Risk Reduction (UNWCDRR) in Sendai, Japan. The Centre is expected to contribute greatly to sustainable development, based on risk-informed policy making, through the following activities: providing scientific analyses and technical advice based on their disaster loss and damage data, supporting the United Nations International Strategy for Disaster Reduction (UNISDR) and individual countries in the work of monitoring the progress of the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction (SFDRR) and the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, and providing policy advice to build the capacities of national/local governments, based on their demands. In this context, the guest editors of this special issue are pleased to publish valuable academic articles closely related to the GCDS’ activities that contribute to the development of disaster statistics. As Sasaki and Ono (2018) observed, there exist three major categories of research questions that contribute to the development of disaster statistics: investigation into disaster statistics and/or global disaster-related databases, development of the existing discipline-based research, and analysis of various issues through questionnaire surveys. Last but not least, it is our hope that this special issue contributes to the literature of disaster statistics and accelerates its development.

Special Issue on NIED Frontier Research on Science and Technology for Disaster Risk Reduction and Resilience 2020

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (6) ◽  
pp. 675-675
Author(s):  
Haruo Hayashi ◽  
Ryohei Misumi
Keyword(s):  
Risk Reduction ◽  
Disaster Risk Reduction ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Science And Technology ◽  
The United States ◽  
Disaster Risk ◽  
Risk Information ◽  
Shaking Table ◽  
Scale Model ◽  
Special Issue

We are very pleased to publish the Special Issue on NIED Frontier Research on Science and Technology for Disaster Risk Reduction and Resilience 2020. There are nine papers in this issue. The first two papers concern hazard and risk information systems: Sano et al. constructed a real-time risk information map for flood and landslide disasters, and Hirashima et al. created an alert system for snow removal from rooftops. These systems are already in use on the NIED website. The next three papers are case studies of recent storm disasters in Japan and the United States: Cui et al. analyzed the time variation in the distribution of damage reports in the headquarters for heavy-rainfall disaster control in Fukuoka, Shakti et al. studied flood disasters caused by Typhoon Hagibis (2019), and Iizuka and Sakai conducted a meteorological analysis of Hurricane Harvey (2017). Regarding volcanic disasters, Tanada and Nakamura reported the results of an electromagnetic survey of Mt. Nasudake. This special issue also includes three papers on large-scale model experimentation: Danjo and Ishizawa studied the rainfall infiltration process using NIED’s Large-Scale Rainfall Simulator, Kawamata and Nakazawa conducted experiments concerning liquefaction, and Nakazawa et al. reported the results of experiments on seismic retrofits for road embankments. The experiments used E-Defense, the world’s largest three-dimensional shaking table. We hope this issue will provide useful information for all readers studying natural disasters.

Community-Based Disaster Risk Reduction

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rajib Shaw
Keyword(s):  
Risk Reduction ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Disaster Risk Reduction ◽  
Change Agents ◽  
Governance Structure ◽  
Disaster Risk ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Entry Points ◽  
State Governance ◽  
The Right

Community-based approaches existed even before the existence of the state and its formal governance structure. People and communities used to help and take care of each other’s disaster needs. However, due to the evolution of state governance, new terminology of community-based disaster risk reduction (CBDRR) has been coined to help communities in an organized way. Different stakeholders are responsible for community-based actions; the two key players are the local governments and civil society, or nongovernment organizations. Private sector and academic and research institutions also play crucial roles in CBDRR. Many innovative CBDRR practices exist in the world, and it is important to analyze them and learn the common lessons. The key to community is its diversity, and this should be kept in mind for the CBDRR. There are different entry points and change agents based on the diverse community. It is important to identify the right change agent and entry point and to develop a sustainable mechanism to institutionalize CBDRR activities. Social networking needs to be incorporated for effective CBDRR.

Epilogue

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emily Ying Yang Chan
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
Risk Reduction ◽  
Disaster Risk Reduction ◽  
Disaster Risk ◽  
Careful Planning ◽  
Bottom Up ◽  
Global Citizens ◽  
Rural Living ◽  
National Governments ◽  
Global Population

As of 2010, the global population has transited from rural-based to urban-based settlement patterns. While urbanization poses much pressure to city residents, ‘rural living’ continues to represent more than 40% of the way our global citizens will be living for the coming century. This chapter provides some concluding remarks for Building Bottom-up Health and Disaster Risk Reduction Programmes, highlighting the importance of building bottom-up health and disaster risk reduction programmes in rural Asia that strengthen resilience in rural communities, and how careful planning, coordination, and contribution from international bodies, national governments, local communities, and the volunteer sector are also required.

Role of Private Sectors in Disaster Risk Reduction: Potential and Challenges

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 1207-1212
Author(s):  
Rajib Shaw ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Private Sector ◽  
Risk Reduction ◽  
Disaster Risk Reduction ◽  
Disaster Risk ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Corporate Social ◽  
Corporate Community ◽  
Technical Solutions ◽  
National Governments

The private sector is an important actor in disaster risk reduction, and its importance has been highlighted after the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction was adopted in 2015. The role of private sectors vary from corporate social responsibility activities and creating a corporate community interface to ensuring that innovative technical solutions for disaster risk reduction are a core business. This study elaborates on different models and examples of these roles. Three critical examples come from Japan, the Philippines, and Malaysia, where private organizations work closely with national governments and enter into partnership agreements, which ensure the sustainability of their involvement. Other core examples are from civil society, where the private sector works for demand-driven innovation. One challenging issue of private sector involvement is that of the small and medium-sized enterprises, which are often unregistered and need special attention during disasters and post-disaster recovery.

scholarly journals Introduction to the Special Issue on Cascading Disaster Modelling and Prevention

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (9) ◽  
pp. 4813
Author(s):  
Thomas J. Huggins ◽  
Lili Yang ◽  
Didier Sornette
Keyword(s):  
Risk Reduction ◽  
Global Assessment ◽  
Disaster Risk Reduction ◽  
Disaster Risk ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Assessment Report

The 2019 Global Assessment Report (GAR2019) on Disaster Risk Reduction [...]

scholarly journals KAPASITAS PEMERINTAH PROVINSI JAMBI DALAM MENGHADAPI BENCANA BANJIR DAN ASAP AKIBAT KEBAKARAN HUTAN DAN LAHAN

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 61
Author(s):  
Intan Adhi Perdana Putri
Keyword(s):  
Risk Management ◽  
Local Government ◽  
Risk Reduction ◽  
Forest Fires ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Disaster Risk Reduction ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Disaster Risk ◽  
Disaster Risk Management ◽  
Disaster Victims

Preventing and reducing disaster victims is crucial in the disaster risk reduction context. The government, particularly at the local level, plays a vital role in reducing such risk. Therefore, strengthening the capacity of local governments is needed to reach the goal. This necessity is clearly stated in the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction (SFDDR) 2015-2030. The capacity of local government in disaster risk management is essential in preventing and minimizing the number of victims. Floods and forest and land fire haze are the most common disasters in Jambi Province. Understanding the local government capacity is imperative in the context of disaster risk reduction as such. This paper aims to explain the current capacity of the Jambi local government in managing flood and forest and land fire haze. Data were collected qualitatively from government officials through focus group discussions (FGDs) and interviews. The findings showed that the capacity of Jambi’s local government needs to be improved, and there are issues to be solved. Jambi Province policy capacity tended to focus on forest fires and lacked attention on flood-related policies. On implementation capacity, there exist some issues to be overcome, such as the local government officials’ knowledge and skills related to disaster risk management, redundant disaster preparedness programs at the village level, and the need for more detailed hazard maps. 

scholarly journals Community Preparedness towards Dam Disaster: Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) Program in Cameron Highlands

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 267-273
Author(s):  
Rahsidi Sabri Muda ◽  
◽  
Mohd Ramzi Mohd Hussain ◽  
zawati Tukiman ◽  
Fatin Shahira Abdullah
Keyword(s):  
Risk Reduction ◽  
Disaster Response ◽  
Disaster Risk Reduction ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Disaster Risk ◽  
Response Strategies ◽  
Cameron Highlands ◽  
Community Preparedness ◽  
Analyse Data ◽  
Questionnaire Surveys

Dam disaster occurrences are an unexpected event that occurs suddenly without warning. It has become very alarming, resulting in a catastrophic break followed by a flood wave at high speed with considerable loss of life and catastrophic damages to infrastructure and the environment. Given these circumstances, the community preparedness for disaster risk reduction (DRR) is important to strengthen disaster response strategies. It helps the community to understand the situations to face disaster and interact with present conditions with efficient manners. The research aims to investigate the community awareness and preparedness and the effectiveness of the DRR program toward dam-related disaster. In this research, two dams in Cameron Highland have been selected as sites study: Sultan Abu Bakar (SAB) Hydroelectric Scheme and its vicinity in Lembah Bertam; and Susu Dam and its vicinity in Pos Telanok. The research utilised questionnaire surveys as a data collection method, where Statistical Package Software SPSS Version 25 was used to analyse data. The finding indicates that an integrated community-based program is an effective approach to increase people's preparedness for the disaster. The result can assist local agencies and dam owners in formulating strategies for future DRR programs. Identifying these pertinent factors enables a greater understanding of the community's preparedness for disaster risk reduction (DRR) in both dams of Cameron Highlands.

scholarly journals Special Issue on NIED Frontier Research on Science and Technology for Disaster Risk Reduction and Resilience 2019

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (9) ◽  
pp. 1139-1139
Author(s):  
Haruo Hayashi ◽  
Eiichi Fukuyama
Keyword(s):  
Natural Disasters ◽  
Risk Reduction ◽  
Disaster Risk Reduction ◽  
Heavy Rainfall ◽  
Science And Technology ◽  
Volcanic Eruptions ◽  
Heavy Rain ◽  
Disaster Risk ◽  
Rain Event ◽  
Special Issue

The National Research Institute for Earth Science and Disaster Resilience (NIED) is working on three tasks: predicting disasters, preventing damage, and realizing speedy reconstruction and recovery efforts in the event of natural disasters such as earthquakes, tsunamis, volcanic eruptions, landslides, torrential rains, blizzards, and ice storms. In the last three years of the NIED’s fourth mid/long term plan period, which began in 2016, natural disasters have occurred every year, including earthquake disasters such as the 2016 Kumamoto earthquake (M7.3) and the 2018 Iburi, Hokkaido, earthquake (M7.1). Disasters of the rainfall include the heavy rainfall in the northern Kyushu (Fukuoka and Oita) in July 2017, the heavy rain event in southwestern Japan in July 2018, the rainfall in northern Kyushu (Saga) in August 2019, and the heavy rainfall in Kanto and Tohoku in October 2019. There were also other disasters: an avalanche accident on Nasudake in 2017 and a phreatic eruption of Kusatsu-Shiranesan in 2018. Due to the above-mentioned very frequent occurrence of such natural disasters on the Japanese islands, our institute has conducted several research projects to mitigate the damage from such disasters and to accelerate the recovery from them. As the third NIED special issue in the Journal of Disaster Research, several related research results were presented such as those on seismic disasters (Wakai et al., Nakazawa et al., and Ohsumi et al.), those on climatic disasters (Nakamura, and Ishizawa and Danjo), and those of their integrated researches for disaster risk reduction (Cui et al. and Nakajima et al.). Although the achievements detailed in these papers are the results of individual research, the NIED hopes that these results as a whole will be fully utilized to promote science and technology for disaster risk reduction and resilience. The NIED hopes that this special issue awakens the readers’ interest in new research and, of course, creates an opportunity for further collaborative works with us.

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