scholarly journals THE USE OF MULTISUBSTRATE MIXTURES FOR METHANE BIOSYNTHESIS BY AN ADAPTED COMPLEX OF MICROORGANISMS FOR OBTAINING ORGANIC FERTILIZER

2021 ◽  
pp. 52-59
Author(s):  
Sergii Digtiar ◽  
Alyona Pasenko ◽  
Olha Novokhatko ◽  
Oksana Maznytska ◽  
Olena Nykyforova
Keyword(s):  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Mineral Fertilizer ◽  
Organic Substrate ◽  
Environmental Damage ◽  
Anthropogenic Pressure ◽  
Industrial Complex

Due to the istabiity of market prices for traditional hydrocarbon energy resources and negative impact of their combustion products on the environment, recently quite rapidly develop technology that provide for, first of all, renewable energy sources. One of the promising areas of alternative energy is bioenergy is a branch of biotechnology that considers organic matter of biomass of various origins (mainly agricultural waste) as a fuel source. Among the main advantages of energy biotechnology, it should be noted the speed and relative ease of recovery of the energy substrate, as well as the fact that it is not alien to the environment, so, even if released in quantities exceeding the permissible ones, this will not lead to irreversible changes in the ecosystem. Excess biomass will quickly be incorporated into biogeochemical cycles, which is the key to minimizing environmental damage. The process of bioconversion of methane from organic substrate compounds (carbohydrates, proteins, nucleic acids, lipids, organic acids, alcohols), which in three stages, is called methanogenesis. This process involves a specific complex bacterial enzyme system, consisting of the following coenzymes: methanofuran, tetrahydro-methanopterin, coenzymes F420 and F430, coenzyme M (CoM), coenzyme B. Using of ways of processing and waste disposal, that based on alternative biological recycling methods of organic pollutants does not always allow to achieve the expected effect, in particular on artificially created ecosystems of animal farms working in a closed mode. Concentration on a small area of a significant amount of biowaste (manure, dung, process runoffs etc.) of the cattle kept in the facilities of live-stock industry, contaminates soils, water bodies and atmospheric air with microorganisms, dust, harmful gases and other decomposition products. Often, it is one of the main factors constrainting on the growth of livestock enterprises and agro-industrial complex (AIC) capacities in general, restraining the economic development of regions specializing in agricultural production. For the first time in the region, study was carried out in order to determine the most efficient way to process miskantus phytomass for the production as target products of methane-containing biogas mixture and organo-mineral fertilizer suitable for use in agriculture and forestry. An economically and ecologically attractive way of utilization of wastes of phyto- and zoogenic origin, which makes it possible significantly reduce anthropogenic pressure on the environment, has been proposed.

ESTABLISHMENT AND CURRENT STATE OF LEGISLATIVE SUPPORT OF WIND ENERGY IN UKRAINE

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karyna Karakhanian ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Wind Energy ◽  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Energy Market ◽  
Alternative Energy Sources ◽  
World Energy

The article considers the legal basis for the formation and development of the country's energy sector, in particular, the issue of energy production from renewable sources, among which the leading place belongs to wind energy. The tendencies of the world energy market, which minimize the negative impact on the environment, as well as the tendencies of development of this branch in Ukraine are investigated. It was stated that for our country wind energy is one of the strategic directions of development of the sector of alternative energy sources, given the high dependence of the country on imported energy, primarily natural gas, and significant potential for wind power, taking into account the location, climate and terrain. However, unfortunately, the pace of development of wind energy in Ukraine still lags significantly behind European ones. It is noted that the legislative provision of the use of wind energy in Ukraine as a source of alternative energy is characterized primarily by the number of bylaws, general declarative legislation, as well as some inconsistencies in legal regulation. An analysis of current legislation and a number of regulations governing the development of the industry in general and wind energy in particular. A review of the norms that relate purely to the issues of the research area and their features and direction of legal regulation. In addition, it was stressed that Ukraine's accession to European initiatives, as well as borrowing international experience in this area should positively affect the energy balance and ensure the development of the sector, in particular, in the light of the need to create a full competitive environment in Ukraine's energy market; changes in heat generation by renewable energy sources and the full transformation of coal regions, which means the gradual closure of unprofitable enterprises with the parallel creation of alternative jobs in these regions.

scholarly journals BASIC PRECONDITIONS FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF RENEWABLE ENERGY SOURCES FOR POWER SUPPLY OF AUTONOMUS OBJECTS IN THE CONDITIONS KYRGYZSTAN

2020 ◽  
pp. 482-487
Author(s):  
S.M. Nasirdinova ◽  
E. Akmatov ◽  
E.A. Abilov
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Environmental Damage ◽  
Contributing Factors ◽  
Alternative Energy Sources ◽  
Organic Fuels ◽  
Global Aspect ◽  
Environmentally Friendly Method

The aim of this study was to observed to increasein the global aspect concentration of СО2. Heat balance contributing factors to change of the planet were separated. The results of the analysis, to show of reasonable statistical data on environmental damage from the use of organic fuels for energy production are also presented on the example of Kyrgyzstan. The ecological and climatic prerequisites contribute to the intensive introduction of alternative energy sources. The most important directions of development of renewable energy sources highlighted in the conditions of our mountain republic. The article shows that the development of the biogas industry - as one of the priority areas of alternative energy, for a constant increase in prices for fossil energy resources, would allow solving a number of important economic problems. Approach of the article is obvious, as it provides an alternative environmentally friendly method of energy generation.

scholarly journals LEVEL OF ENERGY SUPPLY OF ANIMAL FARMS FROM USING BIOGAS

2021 ◽  
pp. 100-112
Author(s):  
Mykola Stadnik ◽  
Andrii Shtuts ◽  
Oleksandr Pylypenko
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Energy Supply ◽  
Energy Production ◽  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Industrial Complex ◽  
Livestock Waste ◽  
Renewable Sources

Ukraine has untapped potential for the production of own energy from renewable sources - processing of livestock waste (animal manure and bird droppings) with the formation of biogas, which can then be used to produce electricity, heat or fuel - analogues of natural gas (methane) (in particular, for own needs of farms). Currently in Ukraine, the generation of large amounts of waste on industrial farms is an environmental problem that needs to be addressed. Recycling livestock waste to generate biogas will partially solve environmental problems, as well as benefit from decentralized renewable energy production or fuel production. The role of renewable energy sources in energy production is constantly growing and now the issue of increasing the share of renewable sources in the energy balance of each country is relevant. In the supply of primary energy, the share of renewable energy accounts for 13% worldwide. Of these, biomass accounts for 10%, or 258 million tons per year, ie in the world biomass provides the largest share of energy supply from renewable sources. Domestic agricultural enterprises are significant consumers of fuel and energy resources, so they face the objective need to use alternative energy sources, including biofuels and the introduction of innovative energy-saving technologies. Biogas production is an efficient and attractive investment technology, due to the presence of significant raw material potential, favorable climatic and other. However, the level of introduction of this type of energy in the agro-industrial complex is insufficient, which is due to a number of issues, including insufficient level of practical recommendations for choosing power generators, their number, modes of operation taking into account daily energy consumption schedule, load and optimal efficiency. installations while providing autonomous power supply of the enterprise. This paper determines the level of energy supply of livestock farms through the use of biogas plants as a source of energy used for livestock waste.

Socio-environmental and Economic Problems of Solar Panels Recycling

2020 ◽  
pp. 48-55
Author(s):  
Olena I. Matsenko ◽  
Vladyslav S. Tereshchenko ◽  
Vladyslav S. Piven ◽  
Andrii A. Panchenko ◽  
Evhenyi A. Perekhod
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Solar Power ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Economic Problem ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Solar Power Plants ◽  
Technical Specifications

The use of alternative energy sources, in particular solar energy, has gained rapid growth in recent years. This trend is prompting manufacturers of equipment for solar power plants to increase production volumes. At the same time, the question arises of the disposal of used modules, because each material has its service life. According to technical specifications, the average life of solar modules and batteries is 25-30 years. Decommissioning may occur earlier than this time due to the following reasons – moral and physical deterioration, mechanical damage, replacement of obsolete equipment with new, modernization of solar power plants. Already in 2030, it will be necessary to replace the solar modules installed in 2000. Therefore, there are acute questions not only regarding the development of technologies for processing waste equipment from solar power plants but also organizational and economic methods. This article discusses the main problems that arise during the utilization and recycling of solar modules, analyzes the experience of countries in resolving these issues. After all, the use of renewable energy sources should minimize the negative impact on the environment from energy production at all stages – from the production of equipment for a power plant to the disposal and recycling of this equipment. Keywords: solar panel, recycling, economic method, solar power, natural resource, economic problem, environment, renewable energy.

scholarly journals Forecasting the impact on the environment of generating sources in agricultural production

2021 ◽  
Vol 262 ◽  
pp. 01036
Author(s):  
E. Timofeev ◽  
A. Erk
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Distributed Energy ◽  
Coal Fuel ◽  
The Impact

The development of rural electrification is aimed at distributed energy, i.e. availability of autonomous sources of electricity and heat generation. Generation sources can use coal, fuel oil, gas, local and alternative energy sources as fuel and energy resources. This causes additional emissions of pollutants. Prediction of negative impact on the environment depends on the quantity and quality of emissions during the operation of various types of installations that generate electric and thermal energy. The purpose of the study is to select and substantiate the most attractive method for predicting the impact on the environment of generating sources in agricultural production. The widespread introduction of distributed energy using local and renewable energy sources will significantly reduce emissions of pollutants due to a decrease in energy intensity, matching the required load with the capacity of generation sources, using the most energy efficient sources, and widespread introduction of renewable energy sources. In this regard, it is advisable to forecast the impacts by the scenario method considering the implementation of the proposed distributed power supply system. The implementation of measures developed considering the analysis of the forecast of the negative impact on the environment of generating plants in agricultural enterprises will reduce the negative impact on the environment by introducing energy-efficient technologies into the energy balance of the enterprise, as well as increase production by up to 20% and increase sustainability. rural areas.

SOLAR BATTERIES AS AN ELEMENT OF DESIGN OF MODERN ENERGY EFFICIENT BUILDINGS

2021 ◽  
Vol 56 ◽  
pp. 39-49
Author(s):  
I. V. Pekur ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Energy Storage ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Hazardous Substances ◽  
Solar Panels ◽  
Additional Advantage ◽  
Adverse Weather

The concept of increasing the energy efficiency of buildings by placing solar panels on their facades is considered. This solution is evaluated from the point of view of modern urban design, and the possibilities of increasing the energy efficiency of lighting systems of modern buildings with the use of solar panels for their power supply are determined. The implementation of a combination of power from renewable energy sources and from the stationary grid in the absence of energy storage systems (batteries) allows to create systems capable of using almost all the electricity generated by an alternative energy source. In this case, energy losses to energy transportation will be minimal. The absence of such battery systems in the designs allows to install only the design-calculated number of solar panels without the need to make a significant backup of generating capacity for its accumulation or operation in adverse weather conditions. An additional advantage of abandoning energy storage - batteries, is a significant reduction in the use of environmentally hazardous substances such as lead, lithium and acidic or alkaline electrolytes, the production of which has a negative impact on the environment, and their disposal requires additional costs. In the work, it is proposed to use cassette facade systems with built-in solar panels, which allow architects to create a modern appearance of buildings and structures. It is shown that in the absence of solar tracking systems, the reduction in generation is 23% for the case of horizontal expansion of solar panels compared to the case of the optimal angle (for Kyiv 40o) and 40% for the case of vertical installation of solar panels. The analysis indicates the possibility of creating a modern energy-efficient design of building facades, both in the design of modern buildings and in the restoration of facades of existing buildings.

scholarly journals The Effect of Young Coconut Husk on the Quality of Goat Manure-Chicken Excreta Bioculture

2020 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dwi Ahmad Priyadi ◽  
Dyah Triasih ◽  
Sefri Ton ◽  
Ari Istanti
Keyword(s):  
Negative Impact ◽  
Anaerobic Fermentation ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Organic N ◽  
Liquid Fertilizer ◽  
Coconut Husk ◽  
Goat Manure

The negative impact of chemical fertilizers use is soil fertility declining. The situation occurs because of biological, physical, and chemical properties of the soil is decreased. Agricultural waste is a large commodity which utilization can still be optimized, for example by using as raw material for organic liquid fertilizer. Agricultural wastes that have good quality as fertilizer include goat manure, chicken excreta, and coconut husk. The utilization of agricultural waste as organic fertilizer is one way of creating sustainable agriculture. This study aims to test the quality of liquid fertilizer (bioculture) of goat manure and chicken excreta by adding various levels of coconut husk. Bioculture is made by anaerobic fermentation for 21 days. The parameters observed included levels of C-organic, N, P, and K bioculture, as well as germination tests to determine the presence of phytotoxins. The data were analyzed using one way ANOVA. The treatment of P5 (5% coconut husk) showed the highest levels of N and P, while the K content was not significantly different from the treatment of P4 (2.5% coconut husk). The germination test showed no phytotoxin activity in bioculture.

scholarly journals Renewable Energy Efficiency for Regional Development: Case of Belgorod Region

2017 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 146-154 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alla Pakina ◽  
Anastasia Karnaushenko
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Regional Development ◽  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Energy Intensity ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Biomass Energy ◽  
Significant Feature ◽  
Original Research ◽  
Space Images

Abstract The article presents the results of an original research, conducted to evaluate the potential of renewable resources for increasing the sustainability of Belgorod region development. It is one of the most developed regions in Russia with diversified structure of economy. Significant feature of the region’s economy is a lack of domestic energy production and dependence on energy supplies from neighbouring regions. To define the most suitable way to cover the lack of energy and to contribute to the solution of environmental problems, the potential of renewable energy resources, such as solar radiation, wind speed, and biomass energy was estimated. The research was conducted using a variety of sources, such as scientific articles, statistical data, reports of industrial companies and agricultural farms, cartographic materials, space images and materials of own field researches. The most effective way of regional development, which contributes to the decline of energy intensity and environment improvement, is agricultural waste recycling by biogas production. The conclusions on the efficiency of renewable energy sources were based on calculations of GRP energy intensity in cases of traditional and alternative energy systems.

ECONOMICS OF SECONDARY RENEWABLE ENERGY SOURCES

2019 ◽  
pp. 52-61
Author(s):  
S. Z. Zhiznin ◽  
S. Vassilev
Keyword(s):  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Electricity Consumption ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Daily Basis ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
Waste To Energy ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Related Factors

Against the background of diminishing traditional energy sources, increasing negative impact on the environment, also due to some energy sectors, as well as the growing threat of extreme increase in the waste on a global scale, SRES have a serious potential to play the role of one of the key methods to achieve a sustainable balance, without any harm to the economic development. In practice, if assumed that the total population of the Earth is 7 billion people, at least 5 million tons of waste is generated on a daily basis (not counting the industrial ones). Of them, circa 2 million tons are non-recyclable, but these could be transformed into energy. Modern technologies offer up to 50% conversion of the source materials into usable free energy––i.e. there is a potential for the generation of approximately 1 million МW/h per day, or at least 300–350 TW/h per annum. This amounts to the whole electricity consumption of 5–10 small developed countries likeBulgaria,Slovenia, etc. The improvement and implementation of the SRES technologies will require significant expenses for scientific research and development. A part of these expenses can be covered by the general provision of incentives for alternative energy sources, another part should be provided by external sources, including funding from the central budgets, grants, as part of public-private partnerships, etc. The offered article examines the economics of the SRES, and all related factors, including their role and place in the energy sector, significance for the protection of the environment and for the achievement of the sustainable development goals (SDGs), adopted within the UN. An attempt is made to develop the existing and to offer new criteria for a more accurate and universal definition of the SRES. The objective of the article is not to claim to be an universal and exhaustive study of all aspects, related to the nature and use of the SRES, but it is rather an attempt to systematize and carry out a comparative analysis of the main problems, related to the SRES, as well as to draw the attention and stir a wider discussion on a topic, which––according to the authors––undeservedly fails to be sufficiently incorporated into the studies and research, related to the alternative energy development. Special attention is drawn to the opportunities provided by waste-to-hydrogen solutions alongside with other waste-to-energy approaches. Authors are also introducing for the first time the notion of “double-green-solution” as a specific feature of the waste-to-energy solutions. The article may be of interest to economists, investors and practitioners.

scholarly journals Energy Innovations: Organizational and Legal Aspects

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 189-203
Author(s):  
G. V. Vypkhanova ◽  
N. G. Zhavoronkova
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Legal Aspects ◽  
Energy Sector ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Innovative Development ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Green Technologies

Recently, legal literature has given attention to the problems of innovative energy. Despite the negative consequences of the current global economic crisis, the ways out of it are in the mainstream of the country’s transition from the export of raw materials to the resource-innovative development with a qualitative renewal of the energy sector. These tasks are set in the strategic planning documents that determine the vector and prospects of energy, scientific and technological and other areas of development. Achievement of goals and long-term quality guidelines for the development of the energy sector on an innovative development path is associated, among other things, with alternative energy, the expansion of the use of renewable energy sources. The paper shows the possibilities and prospects of their use for small energy facilities, energy-deficient areas, and regions with decentralized energy supply. The advantages of using green technologies, renewable types of energy are manifested in energy conservation, energy security, reducing the negative impact on the environment, and solving environmental problems. The absence of a regulatory legal framework for the development of alternative energy is revealed; gaps in energy legislation in terms of innovative energy, stimulation of the introduction of innovative technologies, and the use of renewable energy sources are highlighted. The necessity of highlighting this direction in the energy strategy, other strategic documents in the field of environmental, economic development, energy efficiency and safety has been substantiated. The result of the study is new approaches to the formation and implementation of state policy, as well as the improvement of legislation in the field of innovative energy development.

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