CONTRIBUTION OF COMBINED RISK FACTORS INTO DEVELOPMENT OF CHRONIC NON-COMMUNICABLE DISEASES

2020 ◽  
Vol 66 (5) ◽  
pp. 1-1
Author(s):  
O.S. Kobyakova ◽  
◽  
E.A. Starovoitova ◽  
I.V. Tolmachev ◽  
K.S. Brazovsky ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Arterial Hypertension ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases

Increased prevalence of chronic non-communicable diseases (NCD) and increased related mortality stimulate development of effective methods of their prevention. To date, there are little data on the combined effect of various risk factors on the development of a particular chronic disease, and how much the risk of developing chronic non-communicable diseases increases or decreases with a different combination of risk factors. Purpose. To assess contribution of the combined effect of risk factors into the development of chronic NCD using the method of neural network. Material and methods. Data on 9505 visitors seeking care at the Tomsk health centers were analyzed. To build a multidimensional decision-making model, the authors used the multi-layer perceptron algorithm implemented on the IBM Watson platform. Results. The highest accuracy of disease recognition in the test sample added up to 95.8% for diabetes mellitus. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (84.5%) and coronary heart disease (80.4%) rank second. Lower accuracy was registered for such diseases as asthma (73.6%) and arterial hypertension (73.3%). For the development of diabetes mellitus, such factors as patient’s age, level of systolic and diastolic blood pressure, and body mass index (BMI) are equally important. Smoking and gender are identified as the most significant factors for the development of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. The most significant contribution to the development of arterial hypertension is made by body mass index only. Age and BMI turned out to be most significant for coronary heart disease and arterial hypertension. Conclusion. Use of the neural network method makes it possible to determine contribution of risk factors to the development of chronic ICD, to predict the risk of developing a disease depending on the combination of risk factors and to carry out preventive measures in a personalized manner, taking into account clinical situation of every person. Scope of application. The results of the study can be used by managers of medical organizations to optimize approaches to preventive activities. Keywords: risk factors; chronic non-communicable diseases; neural networks

scholarly journals ATRIAL FIBRILLATION IN COMORBID PATIENTS DEPENDING ON THE TREATMENT REGIMEN

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 21-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. D. Khidirova ◽  
D. A. Yakhontov ◽  
S. A. Zenin
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Arterial Hypertension ◽  
Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Abdominal Obesity ◽  
Blood Pressure Monitoring ◽  
Clinical Status ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

Aim. To study the clinical course of atrial fibrillation in patients with arterial hypertension and extracardiac comorbid pathology depending on the administered therapy.Methods. 207 men aged 45–65 years with atrial fibrillation (paroxysmal and persistent) and arterial hypertension in combination with diabetes mellitus (n = 40), abdominal obesity (n = 64) and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (n = 47) were recruited to a observational cohort study. 56 patients with atrial fibrillation and arterial hypertension but without any extracardiac diseases were included in the comparison group. Clinical and anthropometric parameters were assessed in all patients. Adherence to therapy was estimated with the Morisky-Green test. All patients underwent ECG; electrocardiographic holter monitoring, 24-hour blood pressure monitoring with the Daily Monitoring Systems SCHILLER (Schiller, Switzerland), 2D and M-mode echocardiography using a Vivid 7 device (General Electric, USA). The statistical analysis was performed in the Rstudio software (version 0.99.879, RStudio, Inc., MA, USA).Results. 66% of patients with atrial fibrillation and arterial hypertension had concomitant extracardiac comorbid pathology, of them 20% of had diabetes mellitus, 22% with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and 24% with abdominal obesity. The clinical groups were comparable in electro impulse and drug therapy. Patients who received medical treatment were frequently admitted to hospitals for atrial fibrillation recurrence (p<0.001), compared with those who underwent electro impulse therapy. Adherence to antiarrhythmic therapy was low in the entire cohort of patients. There were no significant differences found between the clinical groups.Conclusion. Early diagnosis of the factors contributing to the progression of AF, the prescription of additional therapy for the secondary prevention of arrhythmia and the choice of its optimal treatment strategy may slow the progression of arrhythmia and the development of CHF, which will improve not only the clinical status of patients, but also their prognosis.

Abstract 237: Prevalence of Cardiovascular Risk Factors and Cardiovascular Disease in Transgender Persons in The United States

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (Suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aditi Malhotra ◽  
Hal A Skopicki ◽  
Smadar Kort ◽  
Noelle Mann ◽  
Puja Parikh
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
United States ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
The United States ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Transgender Persons

Background: There is a paucity of data regarding prevalence of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and corresponding cardiovascular (CV) risk factors in transgender individuals. We sought to assess the prevalence of CV risk factors and CVD in transgender persons in the United States. Methods: The 2018 Centers for Disease Control’s Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance Survey was utilized to identify a cohort of 1,038 transgender individuals in the United States. Presence of CVD was noted with a single affirmative response to the following questions: “Has a health care professional ever told you that you had any of the following:” (1) a heart attack or myocardial infarction, (2) angina or coronary heart disease, (3) a stroke? Results: Among the 1,038 transgender individuals studied, a total of 145 (14.0%) had CVD while 893 (86.0%) did not. No differences in prevalence of CVD was noted in transgender individuals who transitioned from male-to-female (n=387), female-to-male (n=400), and gender nonconforming status (n=251) (15.0% vs 13.8% vs 12.7%, p=0.72). Transgender individuals with CVD were older, had lower annual income, higher rates of smoking (28.4% vs 18.1%, p=0.004), and higher rates of multiple co-morbidities including asthma (26.6% vs 17.4%, p = 0.009), skin cancer (21.8% vs 5.0%, p <0.001), non-skin cancers (16.8% vs 6.8%, p <0.001), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (27.5% vs 7.0%, p <0.001), arthritis (65.3% vs 28.7%, p<0.001), depressive disorder (42.7% vs 31.0%, p= 0.006), chronic kidney disease (16.2% vs 3.3%, p< 0.001), and diabetes mellitus (42.0% vs 12.7%, p <0.001). No significant differences in race, health insurance status, or body mass index was noted between transgender individuals with CVD versus those without. In multivariable analysis, independent predictors of CVD in transgender individuals included older age, diabetes mellitus [odds ratio (OR) 2.82, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.73 - 4.58], chronic kidney disease (OR 3.69, 95% CI 1.80 - 7.57), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (OR 2.18, 95% CI 1.19 - 3.99), and depressive disorder (OR 1.82, 95% CI 1.09 - 3.03). Conclusions: In this observational contemporary study, CVD was prevalent in 14% of transgender individuals in the United States. Predictors of CVD in the transgender population exist and transgender persons should be appropriately screened for CV risk factors so as to minimize their risk of CVD.

scholarly journals Incidence and Risk Factors for Prolonged Opioid Use after Arthroscopic Meniscal Surgery: An Analysis of 107,717 Cases

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (7_suppl6) ◽  
pp. 2325967120S0046
Author(s):  
Jacqueline Baron ◽  
Alan Shamrock ◽  
Trevor Gulbrandsen ◽  
Brian Wolf ◽  
Kyle Duchman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Multiple Logistic Regression ◽  
Opioid Use ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Meniscal Surgery

Objectives: The current opioid epidemic in the United States is a significant cause of increasing morbidity and mortality. The purpose of this study was to determine rate of opioid use before and after arthroscopic meniscal surgery, and assess patient factors associated with prolonged opioid use following primary arthroscopic meniscal surgery. Methods: Patients undergoing primary arthroscopic meniscal surgery procedures from 2007-2016 were retrospectively accessed from the Humana Inc. administrative claims database. Patients were categorized as patients who filled opioid prescriptions within 3 months (OU), within 1 month (A-OU), between 1 to 3 months (C-OU), and never filled opioid prescriptions (N-OU) before surgery. Rates of opioid use were evaluated preoperatively and longitudinally tracked for OU and N-OU cohorts. Prolonged opioid use was defined as continued opioid prescription filling at ≥3 months after surgery. Multiple logistic regression analysis was used to control for various patient characteristics and identify factors associated with opioid use at 12 months after surgery, with significance defined as P<0.05 Results: There were 107,717 patients (54% female) that underwent arthroscopic meniscal surgery during the study period, of which 46.1% (n=49,630) were N-OU. One year after surgery, opioid fill rate was significantly higher in the OU group compared to the N-OU group with a relative risk of 6.98 (21.1% vs 3.02%; 95% CI: 6.61-7.36; p<0.0001). Multiple logistic regression model identified C-OU (OR:10.23, 95% CI: 9.74-10.76, p<0.0001) as the strongest predictor of opioid use at 12 months postoperatively. Furthermore, patients with acute preoperative opioid use (p<0.0001), preoperative diagnosis of diabetes mellitus (p<0.0001), hypertension (p<0.0001), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (p<0.0001), anxiety or depression (p<0.0001), alcohol abuse (p= 0.0019), and tobacco use (p=0.0345) had a significantly increased odds of opioid use at 12 months postoperatively. However, males (p<0.0001) and patients <40 years (p<0.0001) had a significantly decreased odds of opioid use 12 months postoperatively. Conclusion: Preoperative opioid use is a significant risk factor for opioid use at 12 months following surgery. Diabetes mellitus, hypertension, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, smoking status, and psychiatric diagnosis were independent risk factors for opioid use 1-year following surgery.

scholarly journals Chronic non-communicable diseases in the epidemic (COVID-19): Investigation of risk factors, control and care

2020 ◽  
pp. 449-456
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Self Care ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases ◽  
Underlying Diseases ◽  
And Control

INTRODUCTION. Chronic non-communicable diseases (NCDs), global health problem and it is a threat to health and the development of countries. Currently, the number of people with COVID-19 as well as the resulting death toll is rising sharply worldwide. People with underlying diseases may be at greater risk. AIM. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the chronic non-communicable diseases in the epidemic (COVID-19): Investigation of risk factors, control and care. METERIALS AND METHODS. To access the articles, including international databases Scopus, PubMed, Web of Science, Embase were searched using the keywords of chronic non-communicable diseases (NCDs), chronic, risk factors, prevention and control, self-efficacy and self-care and their various combinations using AND/OR operators. No language restrictions were applied to the search process. RESULTS. Based on the evidence, NCDs, exacerbate the negative consequences of COVID-19. according to the results of this study, Among the patients admitted with COVID-19, The most common underlying diseases, were in these people, include, cardiovascular disease, hypertension, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), smoking, malignancy, chronic kidney disease, and diabetes mellitus. Obesity may be considered as a potential COVID-19 risk factor. CONCLUSIONS. Although lifestyle, nutrition, and medical interventions are important for the early prevention of NCDs, having the tools and resources to use information more effectively is more important One of the determining and effective factors in maintaining health and preventing the aggravation of signs and symptoms of the disease COVID-19, especially in chronic diseases, is to perform self-care behaviors.

scholarly journals Analysis of Inducing Factors of Chronic Pulmonary Heart Disease Caused by Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease at High Altitude through Epidemiological Investigation under Intelligent Medicine and Big Data

2022 ◽  
Vol 2022 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Jiong Huang ◽  
Fulin Dang
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Big Data ◽  
High Altitude ◽  
Classification Accuracy ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Ecg Signal ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Chronic Pulmonary Heart Disease

This study explores the risk factors of chronic pulmonary heart disease (CPHD) induced by plateau chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) based on intelligent medical treatment and big data of electrocardiogram (ECG) signal. Based on GPU, a wavelet algorithm is introduced to extract features of ECG signal, and it was combined with generalized regression neural network (GRNN) to improve classification accuracy. From June 2018 to December 2020, 10,185 patients diagnosed with COPD in the plateau area by pulmonary function testing, ECG, and chest X-ray at X Hospital are taken as the research objects to evaluate the distribution of CPHD incidence at different ages and altitudes. The running time of GTX780Ti is about 15 times shorter than that of CPU. The accuracy of N detection based on the GPU-accelerated neural network model reached 98.06%. Accuracy (Acc), sensitivity (Se), specificity (Sp), and positive rate (PR) of V were 99.03%, 89.17%, 98.92%, and 93.18%, respectively. The Acc, Se, Sp, and PR of S were 99.54%, 86.22%, 99.74%, and 92.56%, respectively. The GRNN classification accuracy was up to 98%. 19% of COPD patients were diagnosed with CPHD, including 1,409 males (72.82%) and 526 females (36.24%). The highest prevalence of CPHD was 64.60% when the altitude was 1,900–2,499 m, and the prevalence was only 2.43% when the altitude was ≥3,500 m. The highest prevalence of CPHD was 63.77% at the age of 61–70 years, and the lowest prevalence at the age of 15∼20 years was only 0.26%. Therefore, the GPU-based neural network model improved the classification accuracy of ECG signals. Age and altitude were risk factors for CPHD induced by high-altitude COPD, which provided a reference for the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of CPHD in high-altitude areas.

scholarly journals COMORBID CARDIORESPIRATORY PATHOLOGY AND BEHAVIORAL RISK FACTORS: A NEW LOOK AT OLD PROBLEM

2013 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 118-121
Author(s):  
T. N. Vasilkova ◽  
Yu. A. Rybina
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Arterial Hypertension ◽  
Functional Study ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Behavioral Risk Factors ◽  
Behavioral Risk ◽  
Emotional Status ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

The material for the study included patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in association with arterial hypertension (AH) II stage – 50 people. A comprehensive clinical and functional study of the assessment of emotional status. Found that with the increase of the severity of COPD and hypertension increases the frequency and severity of cognitive impairment up to dementia.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Selected Chronic Non-Communicable Diseases in Nepal

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 394-401 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meghnath Dhimal ◽  
Khem Bahadur Karki ◽  
Sanjib Kumar Sharma ◽  
Krishna Kumar Aryal ◽  
Namuna Shrestha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Coronary Artery Disease ◽  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases ◽  
Artery Disease

Background: The burden of non-communicable diseases has increased in the last few decades in low-and middle-income countries including in Nepal. There is limited data on population based prevalence of non-communicable diseases. Hence, this study aims to determine the nationwide prevalence of selected chronic non-communicable diseases in Nepal.Methods: A nationwide cross-sectional population-based study was conducted from 2016 to 2018. Data was collected electronically on android device inbuilt with research and monitoring software from 13200 eligible participants aged 20 years and above. Data was cleaned in SPSS version 20.0 and analyzed using Stata version 13.1.Results: The overall prevalence of selected non-communicable diseases was found to be chronic obstructive pulmonary disease 11.7% (95% CI: 10.5-12.9), diabetes mellitus 8.5% (95% CI: 7.8-9.3), chronic kidney disease 6.0% (95% CI: 5.5-6.6) and coronary artery disease 2.9% (95% CI: 2.4-3.4) in Nepal. Prevalence of non-communicable diseases varied across provinces. Higher prevalence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (25.1%, 95% CI: 18.1-33.8) in Karnali Province, diabetes (11.5%, 95% CI: 9.8-13.4) in Province 3, chronic kidney disease (6.8%, 95% CI: 5.6-8.1) in Gandaki Province and coronary artery disease in Gandaki (3.6%, 95% CI: 2.2-5.7) and Sudurpaschim Province (3.6%, 95% CI: 2.1-6.1) was observed.Conclusions: The study reported substantial proportion of adult population was found to have chronic non-communicable diseases in Nepal. The findings of this study may be useful for revising/updating multi-sectoral action plans on prevention and control of non-communicable diseases in Nepal. Keywords: Chronic kidney disease; chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; coronary artery disease; diabetes mellitus; non-communicable disease.

scholarly journals High Risk of Infection During Triple Therapy with First- Generation Protease Inhibitors: A Nationwide Cohort Study

2016 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 197-204 ◽  
Author(s):  
Floor A.C. Berden ◽  
Inke M.J.M. Van Zwietering ◽  
Raoel Maan ◽  
Robert J. De Knegt ◽  
Wietske Kievit ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Chronic Hepatitis ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Protease Inhibitor ◽  
First Generation ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

Background & Aims: Peginterferon (PegIFN) remains the backbone of therapy for chronic hepatitis C (CHC) in economically constrained regions. However, PegIFN may cause neutropenia and addition of a protease inhibitor can increase the likelihood of neutropenia. The aims of this study were to assess the occurrence of clinically relevant infections during first-generation protease inhibitor based therapy and its risk factors as well as the relation to treatment-induced neutropenia. Methods: This multicenter (n=45) retrospective cohort study included CHC patients treated in the Netherlands. Based on absolute neutrophil count, categories of neutropenia were defined as: severe (<500/μL), moderate (500-750/μL) and mild (750-1500/μL). Likewise, infections were classified as severe (intravenous antibiotics/ hospitalization) and moderate (anti-infective treatment). We assessed risk factors for infections using multivariable regression analysis adjusting for multiple measurements. Results: We included 467 CHC patients, 319 (68%) were male and 111 (24%) had cirrhosis. A total of 185 clinically relevant infections (34 severe) occurred in 145 patients (31%). During treatment 310 patients experienced neutropenia (severe, n=34). Multivariable analysis identified female sex (OR 1.7, 95%CI 1.2- 2.5), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) (OR 2.7, 95%CI 1.6- 4.5) and diabetes mellitus (OR 1.7, 95%CI 1.0-3.0) as risk factors for infections. Neutropenia at the previous visit was not associated with infection (univariable analysis: OR 0.9, 95%CI 0.6-1.3). Conclusion: This study shows that therapy with first generation protease inhibitors was complicated by an infection in 31% of patients. Not neutropenia, but female sex, COPD and diabetes mellitus were independent risk factors for infection. These patients should be monitored carefully once a PegIFN regimen is initiated. Abbreviations: ANC: absolute neutrophil count; CHC: chronic hepatitis C; COPD: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; DAAs: direct acting antivirals; DM: diabetes mellitus; HCV: hepatitis C virus; PegIFN: pegylated interferon alpha; PI: protease inhibitor; UTI: urinary tract infection.

scholarly journals Effect of preoperative pneumococcal immunization on the incidence of respiratory infection in the postoperative period of cardiac surgery

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. e11410413982
Author(s):  
Stéfani Galli ◽  
Mário Augusto Cray da Costa ◽  
Ana Carolina Mello Fontoura de Souza ◽  
Dionizia Xavier Scomparin
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Cardiac Surgery ◽  
Postoperative Period ◽  
Respiratory Infections ◽  
Arterial Disease ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Peripheral Arterial

Objective: To analyze whether the incidence of respiratory infections in the postoperative period of cardiac surgery is lower in patients immunized with the 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine. To study the main risk factors related to the development of infections in patients undergoing cardiac surgery. Methodology: 40 patients were included in the study, randomized 1: 1 to receive pneumococcal vaccine or placebo, 14 days before undergoing elective cardiac surgery. The incidence of infections in the 30 postoperative days was compared between groups. Results: There were 6 respiratory infections in the vaccine group and 2 in the placebo group (p=0.2024) and one death in the placebo group and none in the vaccine group (p=0.3173). Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (p=0.003), diabetes mellitus (p=0.047) and peripheral arterial disease (p=0.0001) were listed as risk factors for the development of infections, which generated an increase in hospital stay (95% CI : 1.33- 7.13; p =0.0147) and ICU stay in the postoperative period (95% CI: 1.87- 33.45; p=0.0025). Conclusion: The application of pneumococcal vaccine 13v did not influence the development of postoperative pulmonary infections. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, diabetes mellitus and peripheral arterial disease were identified as risk factors for the development of infections, increasing the length of total hospital stay and time in the ICU.

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