AFTER EIGHTY YEARS. THE IMPACT OF LIFE INSURANCE ON THE PUBLIC HEALTH

Abstract Public health professionals (PHP) have a dual task in climate change. They should persuade their colleagues in clinical medicine of the importance of all the issues covered by the GD. The fact that the health sector contributes to the overall emissions of 4.4% speaks to the lack of awareness within the health sector itself. The issue of providing adequate infrastructure for the health sector is essential. Strengthening the opportunities and development of the circular economy within healthcare is more than just a current issue. The second task of PHP is targeting the broader population. The public health mission is being implemented, inter alia, through numerous activities related to environmental monitoring and assessment of the impact on health. GD should be a roadmap for priorities and actions in public health, bearing in mind: an ambitious goal of climate neutrality, an insistence on clean, affordable and safe energy, a strategy for a clean and circular economy. GD provides a framework for the development of sustainable and smart transport, the development of green agriculture and policies from field to table. It also insists on biodiversity conservation and protection actions. The pursuit of zero pollution and an environment free of toxic chemicals, as well as incorporating sustainability into all policies, is also an indispensable part of GD. GD represents a leadership step in the global framework towards a healthier future and comprises all the non-EU members as well. The public health sector should consider the GD as an argument for achieving goals at national levels, and align national public health policies with the goals of this document. There is a need for stronger advocacy of health and public-health interests along with incorporating sustainability into all policies. Achieving goals requires the education process for healthcare professionals covering all of topics of climate change, energy and air pollution to a much greater extent than before.

Download Full-text

Effect of COVID-19 on childhood Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection in Chengdu, China

BMC Pediatrics ◽

10.1186/s12887-021-02679-z ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Ying Zhang ◽

Yijie Huang ◽

Tao Ai ◽

Jun Luo ◽

Hanmin Liu

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

Mycoplasma Pneumoniae ◽

Close Contact ◽

Serum Antibody ◽

Pathogen Transmission ◽

Western China ◽

Public Health Response ◽

The Public ◽

Health Response ◽

The Impact

Abstract Background Following the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic, a change in the incidence and transmission of respiratory pathogens was observed. Here, we retrospectively analyzed the impact of COVID-19 on the epidemiologic characteristics of Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection among children in Chengdu, one of the largest cities of western China. Method M. pneumoniae infection was diagnosed in 33,345 pediatric patients with respiratory symptoms at the Chengdu Women’s & Children’s Central Hospital between January 2017 and December 2020, based on a serum antibody titer of ≥1:160 measured by the passive agglutination assay. Differences in infection rates were examined by sex, age, and temporal distribution. Results Two epidemic outbreaks occurred between October-December 2017 and April-December 2019, and two infection peaks were detected in the second and fourth quarters of 2017, 2018, and 2019. Due to the public health response to COVID-19, the number of positive M. pneumoniae cases significantly decreased in the second quarter of 2020. The number of M. pneumoniae infection among children aged 3–6 years was higher than that in other age groups. Conclusions Preschool children are more susceptible to M. pneumoniae infection and close contact appears to be the predominant factor favoring pathogen transmission. The public health response to COVID-19 can effectively control the transmission of M. pneumoniae.

Download Full-text

Impact of the Affordable Care Act’s Dependent Coverage Expansion on the Health Care and Health Status of Young Adults: What Do We Know So Far?

Medical Care Research and Review ◽

10.1177/1077558716682171 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 75 (2) ◽

pp. 131-152 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Joshua Breslau ◽

Bradley D. Stein ◽

Bing Han ◽

Shoshanna Shelton ◽

Hao Yu

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

Health Status ◽

Insurance Coverage ◽

Health Impact ◽

Care Utilization ◽

The Public ◽

Behavioral Health Treatment ◽

Coverage Expansion ◽

Dependent Coverage ◽

The Impact

The dependent coverage expansion (DCE), a component of the Affordable Care Act, required private health insurance policies that cover dependents to offer coverage for policyholders’ children through age 25. This review summarizes peer-reviewed research on the impact of the DCE on the chain of consequences through which it could affect public health. Specifically, we examine the impact of the DCE on insurance coverage, access to care, utilization of care, and health status. All studies find that the DCE increased insurance coverage, but evidence regarding downstream impacts is inconsistent. There is evidence that the DCE reduced high out-of-pocket expenditures and frequent emergency room visits and increased behavioral health treatment. Evidence regarding the impact of the DCE on health is sparse but suggestive of positive impacts on self-rated health and health behavior. Inferences regarding the public health impact of the DCE await studies with greater methodological diversity and longer follow-up periods.

Download Full-text

Human rights restrictions during the COVID-19 pandemic in Poland and Russia. Legal and comparative aspects

Zeszyty Naukowe Instytutu Administracji Akademii im Jana Długosza w Częstochowie Gubernaculum et Administratio ◽

10.16926/gea.2021.02.35 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2(24) ◽

pp. 323-340

Author(s):

Marta Pietras-Eichberger

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

European Union ◽

Human Rights ◽

Public Interest ◽

The European Union ◽

Human Rights Law ◽

The Public ◽

Safety And Health ◽

Research Problems ◽

The Impact

The study analyzed selected issues related to the scope of human rights and freedoms during the COVID-19 pandemic in Poland and Russia. The author wanted to compare the regulations issued by a Member State of the European Union and a country outside the European Union, often using undemocratic methods of exercising power. The work focuses on research problems related to the principles of protection, the confrontation of individual interests with the public interest, and the impact of the regimes introduced during the COVID-19 pandemic on human rights law in both countries. The thesis of the study is that in the event of a threat to public health, analogous restrictions on human rights are introduced both in an undemocratic country and in a country belonging to international structures identifying with democratic values. The state of the COVID-19 pandemic has exposed, and in some area even contributed to the creation of mechanisms reserved for crisis situations, posing a direct and real threat to public safety and health.

Download Full-text

Can the Health-Care System Meet the Challenge of Pandemic Flu? Planning, Ethical, and Workforce Considerations

Public Health Reports ◽

10.1177/003335490712200503 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 122 (5) ◽

pp. 573-578 ◽

Cited By ~ 28

Author(s):

Peter J. Levin ◽

Eric N. Gebbie ◽

Kristine Qureshi

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

Health Care ◽

Ethical Issues ◽

Care Delivery ◽

Care Staff ◽

Health Care Staff ◽

Accurate Information ◽

The Public ◽

Health Care Delivery Systems ◽

The Impact

The federal pandemic influenza plan predicts that 30% of the population could be infected. The impact of this pandemic would quickly overwhelm the public health and health-care delivery systems in the U.S. and throughout the world. Surge capacity for staffing, availability of drugs and supplies, and alternate means to provide care must be included in detailed plans that are tested and drilled ahead of time. Accurate information on the disease must be made available to health-care staff and the public to reduce fear. Spokespersons must provide clear, consistent messages about the disease, including actions to be taken to contain its spread and treat the afflicted. Home care will be especially important, as hospitals will be quickly overwhelmed. Staff must be prepared ahead of time to assure their ability and willingness to report to work, and public health must plan ahead to adequately confront ethical issues that will arise concerning the availability of treatment resources. The entire community must work together to meet the challenges posed by an epidemic. Identification and resolution of these challenges and issues are essential to achieve adequate public health preparedness.

Download Full-text

The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on cancer care in the public health subsector, province of Santa Fe, Argentina

ecancermedicalscience ◽

10.3332/ecancer.2021.1270 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 15 ◽

Author(s):

Graciela Lopez de Degani ◽

Leandro Duarte ◽

Julia Ismael ◽

Laura Martinez ◽

Florencia López

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

Cancer Care ◽

Santa Fe ◽

The Public ◽

The Impact

Download Full-text

Biological Tools to Deal with Pollution : Selected Advances and Novel Perspectives

International Journal of Public Health Science (IJPHS) ◽

10.11591/ijphs.v3i1.4675 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 3 (1) ◽

pp. 57

Author(s):

Abdelaziz Ghanemi ◽

Besma Boubertakh

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

Raw Materials ◽

Economic Benefits ◽

The Other ◽

Environment And Public Health ◽

The Public ◽

Other Hand ◽

Metabolic Properties ◽

Living Organisms ◽

The Impact

Pollution represents a problem common to economy and public health. Indeed, the public health, because of the divers’ type of pollutions, is facing divers challenges for which urgent solutions are required.The biology provides approaches not only to deal with the pollution, but also to obtain economic benefits. Some living organisms have particular metabolisms that allow them to assimilate and metabolite the polluting agents and thus reduce the impact they have on both environment and public health. On the other hand, the metabolic properties of specific organisms make the polluting elements raw materials to synthesize other elements that are benefits for economy and non-toxic for the ecology and the biohealth. Yet, other options such as the regulations and laws are required to improve the efficiency of these approaches.

Download Full-text

THE IMPACT OF GLOBAL WARMING ON THE PUBLIC HEALTH INCREASING THE BACTERIAL CAUSING INFECTIOUS DISEASES PERFORMED BY EXPERIMENT: VECTOR-BORNE DISEASES INSECTS, TAIF, KSA

International Journal of Research -GRANTHAALAYAH ◽

10.29121/granthaalayah.v5.i5.2017.1836 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 5 (5) ◽

pp. 42-53

Author(s):

Sherifa Mostafa M. Sabra ◽

Samar Ahamed

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

Global Warming ◽

Infectious Diseases ◽

Vector Borne Diseases ◽

The Public ◽

Colony Forming Unit ◽

Tapinoma Sessile ◽

Vector Borne ◽

The Mean ◽

The Impact

The search conducted on "The impact of global warming (GW) on the public health (PH) increasing the bacterial causing infectious diseases (IDs) performed by experiment: Vector-borne diseases (VBDs) insects, Taif, KSA", the experiment used ants (Taif Tapinoma sessile), prepared, arranged appropriate nests and adjusted the temperature at (20, 25, 30, 35, 40 and 45°C), for a week of each zone. It revealed the behaviour as (normal, semi-normal and ab-normal), the mean of mortality rates were between (0-53.3%). The bacterial contents measured by the turbidity indicated the presence of multiplication, were between (0.109-0.328). The bacterial growth degrees by sings were between (+ - +++++) and percent between (12-100%). Colony Forming Unit/ml (CFU/ml) confined between (1.8X102-15.0X102)/mL. Through this experiment it turned out the GW had a significant role on the PH, helped the proliferation of bacterial pathogens that caused IDS. The conclusion wiped from the experiment that the extent degrees of GW disadvantages on the PH. The PH workers must take the "Preventive Health Prophylaxis Measures" (PHPMs) to protect the individuals from IDs by eliminating the VBDs of various types, monitoring the immunological situation of individuals, provided the vaccinations of IDs and preparing for complete PHPMs against any changes in the PH.

Download Full-text

FDA-iRISK—A Comparative Risk Assessment System for Evaluating and Ranking Food-Hazard Pairs: Case Studies on Microbial Hazards

Journal of Food Protection ◽

10.4315/0362-028x.jfp-12-372 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 76 (3) ◽

pp. 376-385 ◽

Cited By ~ 44

Author(s):

YUHUAN CHEN ◽

SHERRI B. DENNIS ◽

EMMA HARTNETT ◽

GREG PAOLI ◽

RÉGIS POUILLOT ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

Risk Assessment ◽

Case Studies ◽

Assessment System ◽

Process Models ◽

Control Measures ◽

Quantitative Risk Assessment ◽

The Public ◽

Life Years ◽

The Impact

Stakeholders in the system of food safety, in particular federal agencies, need evidence-based, transparent, and rigorous approaches to estimate and compare the risk of foodborne illness from microbial and chemical hazards and the public health impact of interventions. FDA-iRISK (referred to here as iRISK), a Web-based quantitative risk assessment system, was developed to meet this need. The modeling tool enables users to assess, compare, and rank the risks posed by multiple food-hazard pairs at all stages of the food supply system, from primary production, through manufacturing and processing, to retail distribution and, ultimately, to the consumer. Using standard data entry templates, built-in mathematical functions, and Monte Carlo simulation techniques, iRISK integrates data and assumptions from seven components: the food, the hazard, the population of consumers, process models describing the introduction and fate of the hazard up to the point of consumption, consumption patterns, dose-response curves, and health effects. Beyond risk ranking, iRISK enables users to estimate and compare the impact of interventions and control measures on public health risk. iRISK provides estimates of the impact of proposed interventions in various ways, including changes in the mean risk of illness and burden of disease metrics, such as losses in disability-adjusted life years. Case studies for Listeria monocytogenes and Salmonella were developed to demonstrate the application of iRISK for the estimation of risks and the impact of interventions for microbial hazards. iRISK was made available to the public at http://irisk.foodrisk.org in October 2012.

Download Full-text