The Longitudinal Axis of the Knee and the Role of the Cruciate Ligaments in Controlling Transverse Rotation

The double centrosome in the basidium of Boletus rubinellus has been observed in three planes with the electron microscope at interphase preceding nuclear fusion, at prophase I, and at interphase I. It is composed of two components connected by a band-shaped middle part. At anaphase I a single, enlarged centrosome is found at the spindle pole, which is attached to the cell membrane. Microtubules mainly oriented parallel to the longitudinal axis of the basidium are present at prefusion, prophase I and interphase I. Cytoplasmic microtubules are absent when the spindle is present. The relationship of the centrosome in B. rubinellus to that in other organisms and the role of the cytoplasmic microtubules are discussed.

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An immunofluorescent cytochemical technique applying micromanipulation to detect microtubules in plant tissues inoculated with fungal spores

Canadian Journal of Botany ◽

10.1139/b91-329 ◽

1991 ◽

Vol 69 (12) ◽

pp. 2634-2636 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Issei Kobayashi ◽

Yuhko Kobayashi ◽

Naoto Yamaoka ◽

Hitoshi Kunoh

Keyword(s):

Fungal Spores ◽

Longitudinal Axis ◽

Target Cells ◽

Erysiphe Pisi ◽

Cell Responses ◽

Present Technique ◽

Uninoculated Control ◽

Small Papilla ◽

Cytochemical Technique

An immunofluorescent cytochemical technique to detect microtubules was developed to examine the involvement of microtubules in incipient responses of barley coleoptile cells to fungal attacks. Infiltration of antibodies into target cells was promoted by scratching cell walls of chemically-fixed coleoptile cells with a micromanipulator. In uninoculated control cells, cortical microtubules were arranged obliquely or transversely to the longitudinal axis of the cells. On the other hand, in coleoptile cells which had been fixed 8–10 h after inoculation with a nonpathogen, Erysiphe pisi, microtubules gathered in coleoptile cells beneath mature appressoria of the fungus. When coleoptiles had been fixed 12 h after inoculation, many of the microtubules gathered around an incipient, small papilla, giving a network appearance. The present technique would be helpful for studying the role of microtubules in host cell responses to fungal attack. Key words: microtubules, immunofluorescent cytochemistry, barley coleoptile, Erysiphe pisi.

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FE Analyses of Hyperelastic Solids under Large Bending: The Role of the Searle Parameter and Eulerian Slenderness

Materials ◽

10.3390/ma13071597 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 13 (7) ◽

pp. 1597

Author(s):

Federico Oyedeji Falope ◽

Luca Lanzoni ◽

Angelo Marcello Tarantino

Keyword(s):

Theoretical Model ◽

Cross Sections ◽

Finite Elasticity ◽

Bending Moment ◽

Longitudinal Axis ◽

Theoretical Formulation ◽

The Cross ◽

Finite Bending ◽

Compactness Index

A theoretical model concerning the finite bending of a prismatic hyperelastic solid has been recently proposed. Such a model provides the 3D kinematics and the stress field, taking into account the anticlastic effects arising in the transverse cross sections also. That model has been used later to extend the Elastica in the framework of finite elasticity. In the present work, Finite Element (FE) analyses of some basic structural systems subjected to finite bending have been carried out and the results have been compared with those provided by the theoretical model performed previously. In the theoretical formulation, the governing equation is the nonlinear local relationship between the bending moment and the curvature of the longitudinal axis of the bent beam. Such a relation has been provided in dimensionless form as a function of the Mooney–Rivlin constitutive constants and two kinematic dimensionless parameters termed Eulerian slenderness and compactness index of the cross section. Such parameters take relevance as they are involved in the well-known Searle parameter for bent solids. Two significant study cases have been investigated in detail. The results point out that the theoretical model leads to reliable results provided that the Eulerian slenderness and the compactness index of the cross sections do not exceed fixed threshold values.

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Noncemented Total Knee Arthroplasty with Mobile Bearings: The Role of the Cruciate Ligaments and Results at 3 to 5 Years

Reconstruction of the Knee Joint ◽

10.1007/978-4-431-68464-0_35 ◽

1997 ◽

pp. 260-268

Author(s):

U. K. Munzinger ◽

P. Zangger ◽

P. Janik ◽

T. Drobny

Keyword(s):

Total Knee Arthroplasty ◽

Knee Arthroplasty ◽

Cruciate Ligaments ◽

Total Knee

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The role of the posterolateral and cruciate ligaments in the stability of the human knee. A biomechanical study.

The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery (American) ◽

10.2106/00004623-198769020-00010 ◽

1987 ◽

Vol 69 (2) ◽

pp. 233-242 ◽

Cited By ~ 603

Author(s):

D L Gollehon ◽

P A Torzilli ◽

R F Warren

Keyword(s):

Biomechanical Study ◽

Cruciate Ligaments ◽

Human Knee ◽

The Stability

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Efecto de las fuerzas oclusales sobre el periodonto analizado por elementos finitos / Effect of occlusal forces over periodontium analyzed through finite elements

Universitas Odontologica ◽

10.11144/javeriana.uo35-74.efop ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 35 (74) ◽

Author(s):

María Alejandra Gélvez Vera ◽

Juliana Velosa Porras ◽

Byron Pérez Gutiérrez

Keyword(s):

Finite Elements ◽

Stress Distribution ◽

Longitudinal Axis ◽

Element Analysis ◽

Significant Difference ◽

The Finite Element Analysis ◽

Tooth Type ◽

Element Type ◽

Cervical Area

ABSTRACT. Background: Biomechanical effects of occlusal loads on teeth during clenching and in mastication have been evaluated. A harmful consequence of occlusal overload is tooth fracture, which has been analyzed through methods such as electrical tests, photo elasticity, and finite elements. Although there are numerous studies linking periodontal disease and occlusion, the biomechanical role of the forces exerted on the periodontium has not been studied enough. Objective: To evaluate the effect of normal and harmful occlusal forces on the periodontium through finite elements. Methods: The finite element analysis included the following steps: specification of geometry, element type, and material properties and force magnitudes in Newton’s (from 150 N to 675 N using 25 N increments) on the longitudinal axis of the tooth. Results: There was a statistically significant difference between the stress distribution in periodontal ligament, cortical bone, and dentine according to tooth type (p = 0.000), but not significant differences were observed in cancellous bone (p = 0.166). Conclusion: The concentration of stress was located in the three teeth, incisor, premolar, and molar, in the buccal cervical area where most stress distribution was evident in all magnitudes of force applied.

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