scholarly journals OUTCOME OF CONSERVATIVE TREATMENT IN CARIES SPINE

2011 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 158-167
Author(s):  
Osama Jafar ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Conservative Treatment ◽  
Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
New Drugs ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Extra Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
The World ◽  
Caries Spine ◽  
Extra Pulmonary

Tuberculosis remains endemic and major public-health problem in most part of the world. Despite the reduction in the prevalence of the tuberculosis and the advent of new drugs for tuberculosis, the incidence of extra pulmonary tuberculosis continues to increase at world level.

scholarly journals Cerebral Cystic Echinococcosis

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Abolghasem Siyadatpanah ◽  
Enrico Brunetti ◽  
Amir Emami Zeydi ◽  
Yousef Dadi Moghadam ◽  
Nelson Iván Agudelo Higuita
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Problem ◽  
Larval Stage ◽  
Cystic Echinococcosis ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Cestode Species ◽  
Iranian Patient ◽  
The World ◽  
The Brain

Cystic echinococcosis (CE) is a neglected helminthic disease and major public health problem in several regions of the world. The zoonosis is caused by the larval stage of different cestode species belonging to the genus Echinococcus. CE can affect any organ with the liver and lungs being most commonly involved. The brain is involved in less than 2% of the cases. We report a case of a CE1 echinococcal cyst of the brain in an Iranian patient.

scholarly journals Targeted Nutrition in Chronic Disease

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 1682
Author(s):  
Peter Bergman ◽  
Susanna Brighenti
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Chronic Disease ◽  
Health Problem ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Aging Population ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
The World

Today, chronic disease is a major public health problem around the world that is rapidly increasing with a growing and aging population [...]

scholarly journals Serious non-fatal unintentional injuries among in-school adolescents in Sri Lanka: results from the 2016 Sri Lankan Global School-Based Health Survey

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sashimali Wickramasinghe ◽  
Nalika Gunawardena ◽  
Dhanusha Punyadasa ◽  
Shanthi Gunawardena ◽  
Champika Wickramasinghe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Health Survey ◽  
Health Problem ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Unintentional Injuries ◽  
School Based ◽  
The World

Abstract Background Unintentional injuries among adolescents is a major public health problem the world over. A great majority of the annual deaths among adolescents is due to unintentional injuries; it is also the leading cause of death among adolescents in the world. The aim of this study was to estimate the incidence of injuries and their associated factors among school going adolescents aged 13-17 years using data from the most recent Global School-Based Health Survey (GSHS) conducted in Sri Lanka. Methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted using a self-administered questionnaire, among 3,262 adolescents attending government schools. The sample was selected through a two-staged cluster sampling technique. In the first stage, 40 schools were selected using probabilities proportional to school enrollment size, from all schools in the country that have classes in grades 8-12 . Then, from the selected schools, classes were selected using systematic equal probability sampling with a random start. The weighted prevalence was calculated, and logistic regression analysis was conducted in order to determine the correlates. Results During the 12 months before the survey, 35.8% (95% CI-30.7 - 41.1) of the students reported being seriously injured one or more times. The injuries were more common among males, but were equally common among the two different age groups (13-15 age group vs 16-17 age group). The most common type of injury was cut or stab wounds (5.5%), followed by broken bones/dislocated joints (5.3%). Multivariable analysis revealed that only a few factors were associated with injury, such as being of the male sex, being bullied, being physically attacked, and/or being in a physical fight. Conclusion This study demonstrated that the prevalence of serious unintentional injuries among school going adolescents is a major public health problem in Sri Lanka. This timely and comprehensive survey would help policy makers and researchers identify the unmet needs related to adolescent injuries. Furthermore, evidence generated form the study should be given due consideration when designing school-based interventions to prevent adolescent injuries.

scholarly journals Peer Education Meningkatkan Perilaku dalam Mencegah Penularan Tuberkulosis Paru pada Keluarga

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-25
Author(s):  
Sunarsih Rahayu ◽  
Ros Endah Happy Patriyani
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Health Problem ◽  
Peer Education ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
T Test ◽  
Control Group ◽  
P Value ◽  
Tuberculosis Transmission ◽  
The World

Background: Pulmonary tuberculosis is an important public health problem in the world. In 1992, the World Health Organization (WHO) declared pulmonary tuberculosis as a "global emergency". Indonesia is committed to ending pulmonary tuberculosis as a "public health problem" in 2030. Peer education is the proper media and method to provide counseling on prevention of pulmonary tuberculosis transmission. This study was conducted to determine the effect of peer education on behavior change in preventing pulmonary tuberculosis transmission in families of ​ Sibela and Sangkrah Health Center’s work area in Surakarta. Methods:  This research is a quasi-experimental study with pre post-test control group design. Data analysis using dependent t-test and independent t-test. Results: The results of the dependent t test in the intervention group showed p-value = 0,000 on knowledge, attitudes, and behavior, while the control group showed results p-value = 0.003 on knowledge, p-value = 0.057 on attitudes, and p-value = 0.004 on behavior. Independent t test shows the results of p-value = 0,000 in knowledge, p-value = 0.002 in attitudes, and p-value = 0.778 in behavior. Conclusion: Based upon these results it can be concluded that there is an influence of peer education on changes in knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors in pulmonary tuberculosis transmission prevention, as well as differences in knowledge and attitudes, but there is no difference in behavior between respondents with and without peer education.

Neurophysiological mechanisms of tobacco relapse (review)

MedAlliance ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 79-84
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Acetylcholine Receptors ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
New Drugs ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Preclinical Studies ◽  
Neurotransmitter Receptor ◽  
Stop Smoking ◽  
Limited Effectiveness ◽  
Neurophysiological Mechanisms

Morbidity and mortality associated with tobacco use re-main a major public health problem. Unfortunately, mo-dern pharmacotherapy for smoking cessation have limited effectiveness, and most smokers repeatedly stop smoking. The better understanding of the neurobiological and neu-rophysiological mechanisms that contribute to the relapse of smoking is necessary for new drugs for the nicotine ad-diction treatment. The review examined preclinical studies aimed at identifying neurotransmitter and neuromodula-tory systems that provide a relapse of nicotine consump-tion. In preclinical studies, the efficacy of regulating extra-cellular neurotransmitters or neurotransmitter receptor activity using antagonists or receptor agonists (both full and partial) has been demonstrated. In particular, it was shown that a drug that selectively binds to acetylcholine receptors containing three α4- and two β2-subunits reduc-es the search for nicotine in rats. It was shown that new pharmacological approaches to reduce the craving for ni-cotine in animal models can be used in the future to re-duce the risks of relapse of nicotine addiction in smokers.

scholarly journals Sexually transmitted infections, their treatment and urban change in colonial Leopoldville, 1910–1960

2021 ◽  
Vol 65 (2) ◽  
pp. 178-196
Author(s):  
João Dinis Sousa ◽  
Philip J. Havik ◽  
Anne-Mieke Vandamme
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Social Change ◽  
Sexually Transmitted Infections ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Colonial Period ◽  
New Drugs ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Awareness Campaigns ◽  
Short Period

AbstractDuring the colonial period sexually transmitted infections (STIs) came to be recognised as a major public health problem in African cities. Thus, STI control and urban modernisation became deeply entangled as authorities redrew spatial and social boundaries to manage populations and their cross-cultural interaction. Public health measures, urban planning and policing were part of a coordinated effort to neutralise the potential impact of rapidly growing African urban migration on the Belgian Congo’s ‘model’ capital Leopoldville. While STI control was facilitated by new drugs (arsenicals, sulfonamides and antibiotics) to treat syphilis, chancroid, gonorrhoea and chlamydia (bacterial STIs), the effects of the 1929 economic crisis and urban social change illustrated the limits of colonial authority. Redesigning urban spaces and repressive measures to curb polygyny and prostitution operated in a parallel fashion with the expansion of health coverage, new treatments and awareness campaigns. To gain a better understanding of the evolution of STI incidence among African urban populations during the colonial period between 1910 and 1960, extensive archival records and secondary literature were consulted to assess the interplay between improved screening, diagnostic and therapeutic methods with demographic and social change. They show that STI rates, probably peaked during the pre-1929 period and apart from a short period in the early 1930s associated with mass screening, declined until becoming residual in the 1950s. Reflecting upon sanitary interventions and their broader dimensions, the article analyses the evolution of treatment regimes and their impact in the changing urban organisation and environment of the colony’s capital.

Glycated Albumin – More Than the Missing Link in the Evaluation of Diabetes Control

2014 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 137-150 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ilie-Robert Dinu ◽  
Eugen Moţa
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Liver Diseases ◽  
Diabetes Complications ◽  
Glycated Albumin ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Glycated Haemoglobin ◽  
Diabetes Control ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
The World

Abstract Diabetes mellitus represents a major public health problem in the world and glycemic control is very important in subjects with diabetes. Glycation of many proteins is increased in subjects with diabetes compared with persons without diabetes. Glycated albumin (GA) has emerged as a possible glycation index for intermediate-term diabetes control. There is evidence that GA can be considered a better parameter than glycated haemoglobin in many conditions including pregnancy, chronic kidney disease, liver diseases and anemia. Several reports indicate that GA plays a role in the pathogeny of diabetes complications, mainly in diabetic nephropathy and retinopathy. There are several limitations for using GA including the lack of standardization in the laboratories. Several studies are needed in order to understand the place of GA in the pathogeny of diabetes complications and the role in assessing the metabolic control

scholarly journals What’s new for the clinician – summaries of recently published papers (September 2021)

2021 ◽  
Vol 76 (08) ◽  
pp. 492-495
Author(s):  
Veerasamy Yengopal
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Early Childhood Caries ◽  
Primary Teeth ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
The World ◽  
Untreated Caries

It is estimated that 621 million children throughout the world have untreated caries on primary teeth. 1 Early childhood caries (ECC), which affects preschool children, progresses rapidly and is associated with pain, difficulty chewing, weight loss, difficulty sleeping, altered behaviour, and a poorer quality of life for affected children and theirfamilies. Children with dental caries have greater treatmentneed, which is expensive and not readily accessible in most developing countries. In South Africa, ECC is a major public health problem with caries rates among children as high as 70% in some provinces.

scholarly journals Antidiabetic Activity of 40 Plants of the Senegalese Flora, an Important Therapeutic Diversity for Populations

2020 ◽  
pp. 15-32
Author(s):  
Ousmane Faye ◽  
Cheikh Sall ◽  
Omar Kane
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Insulin Action ◽  
Major Part ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Modern Medicine ◽  
Public Health Care ◽  
Antidiabetic Activity ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Health Care Coverage ◽  
The World

Diabetes mellitus is group of a metabolic desorder caused by hyperglycemia resulting from defects in insulin secretion, insulin action, or both. It is a major public health problem in all countries of the world. In Africa, it was predicted that the continent, will see the greatest increase, from 19 millions in 2019 to 47 million diabetics in 2045. In the absence of sufficient public health care coverage and the high cost of modern medicine, major part of the population of developing countries turns to traditional medicine. These medicine offer a new alternative for the management of diabetes from plant organs. Most of the used part of plants has not yet been scientifically approved by researchers. In this article, we have inventorised the medicinal plants of the Senegalese flora used in the management of diabetes and whose activity has been validated scientifically by researchers.

scholarly journals In Search of Panacea—Review of Recent Studies Concerning Nature-Derived Anticancer Agents

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 1426 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dawid Przystupski ◽  
Magdalena J. Niemczura ◽  
Agata Górska ◽  
Stanisław Supplitt ◽  
Krzysztof Kotowski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Anticancer Agents ◽  
Antitumor Agents ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Natural Substances ◽  
Cycle Growth ◽  
The World ◽  
Epigenetic Modulation ◽  
Causes Of Deaths

Cancers are one of the leading causes of deaths affecting millions of people around the world, therefore they are currently a major public health problem. The treatment of cancer is based on surgical resection, radiotherapy, chemotherapy or immunotherapy, much of which is often insufficient and cause serious, burdensome and undesirable side effects. For many years, assorted secondary metabolites derived from plants have been used as antitumor agents. Recently, researchers have discovered a large number of new natural substances which can effectively interfere with cancer cells’ metabolism. The most famous groups of these compounds are topoisomerase and mitotic inhibitors. The aim of the latest research is to characterize natural compounds found in many common foods, especially by means of their abilities to regulate cell cycle, growth and differentiation, as well as epigenetic modulation. In this paper, we focus on a review of recent discoveries regarding nature-derived anticancer agents.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document