Behavioral Cognitive Therapy to Reduce Depression Symptoms

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Therapy ◽  
Depression Symptoms

scholarly journals Ketamine, Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation, and Depression Specific Yoga and Mindfulness Based Cognitive Therapy in Management of Treatment Resistant Depression: Review and Some Data on Efficacy

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Basant Pradhan ◽  
Tapan Parikh ◽  
Ramkrishna Makani ◽  
Madhusmita Sahoo
Keyword(s):  
Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Cognitive Therapy ◽  
Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Pilot Trial ◽  
Adjunctive Treatment ◽  
Depression Symptoms ◽  
Treatment Resistant Depression ◽  
Treatment Resistant ◽  
Resistant Depression

Depression affects about 121 million people worldwide and prevalence of major depressive disorder (MDD) in US adults is 6.4%. Treatment resistant depression (TRD) accounts for approximately 12–20% of all depression patients and costs $29–$48 billion annually. Ketamine and repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) have useful roles in TRD, but their utility in long term is unknown. As per the latest literature, the interventions using Yoga and meditation including the mindfulness based cognitive therapy (MBCT) have been useful in treatment of depression and relapse prevention. We present a review of rTMS, ketamine, and MBCT and also report efficacy of a depression specific, innovative, and translational model of Yoga and mindfulness based cognitive therapy (DepS Y-MBCT), developed by the first author.DepS Y-MBCTas an adjunctive treatment successfully ameliorated TRD symptoms in 27/32 patients in an open label pilot trial in TRD patients. Considering the limitations of existing treatment options, including those of ketamine and rTMS when used as the sole modality of treatment, we suggest a “tiered approach for TRD” by combining ketamine and rTMS (alone or along with antidepressants) for rapid remission of acute depression symptoms and to useDepS Y-MBCTfor maintaining remission and preventing relapse.

scholarly journals Effects of Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy for Chronic Pain: A Multicenter Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (13) ◽  
pp. 6951
Author(s):  
Estela María Pardos-Gascón ◽  
Lucas Narambuena ◽  
César Leal-Costa ◽  
Antonio Jesús Ramos-Morcillo ◽  
María Ruzafa-Martínez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Pain ◽  
Cognitive Therapy ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Sleep Disturbances ◽  
Effect Sizes ◽  
Medium Effect ◽  
Depression Symptoms ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Quasi Experimental

The prevalence of chronic pain in Spain is 15%. The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of mindfulness-based cognitive therapy on patients with chronic pain. A quasi-experimental design of repeated measures pre- and post-test (N = 57) was carried out at three hospitals from the province of Alicante. Self-reported assessment measurements of pain intensity, anxiety-depression symptoms, perception of health status, interference of pain on sleep, self-efficacy in pain, acceptance, and mindfulness attitude were included. The T-test indicates significant differences in intensity of present pain, mental quality of life, and depression (medium effect sizes), as well as in self-efficacy: total score, symptom management and pain control (medium effect sizes), sleep disturbances and quantity of sleep (large effect sizes). MBCT is effective in reducing many symptoms in patients with chronic pain, although its maintenance needs to be further investigated.

scholarly journals Delivering cognitive therapy for adolescent social anxiety disorder in NHS CAMHS: a clinical and cost analysis

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Eleanor Leigh ◽  
Cathy Creswell ◽  
Paul Stallard ◽  
Polly Waite ◽  
Mara Violato ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Social Anxiety ◽  
Cognitive Therapy ◽  
Social Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Clinical Care ◽  
Preliminary Evidence ◽  
Anxiety Symptoms ◽  
Depression Symptoms ◽  
Process Measures ◽  
The Cost

Abstract Background: Cognitive therapy, based on the Clark and Wells (1995) model, is a first-line treatment for adults with social anxiety disorder (SAD), and findings from research settings suggest it has promise for use with adolescents (Cognitive Therapy for Social Anxiety Disorder in Adolescents; CT-SAD-A). However, for the treatment to be suitable for delivery in routine clinical care, two questions need to be addressed. Aims: Can therapists be trained to achieve good outcomes in routine Child and Adolescent Mental Health Services (CAMHS), and what are the costs associated with training and treatment? Method: CAMHS therapists working in two NHS trusts received training in CT-SAD-A. They delivered the treatment to adolescents with SAD during a period of supervised practice. We examined the clinical outcomes for the 12 patients treated during this period, and estimated costs associated with treatment and training. Results: Treatment produced significant improvements in social anxiety symptoms, general anxiety and depression symptoms, and reductions in putative process measures. Seventy-five per cent (9 out of 12) patients showed a reliable and clinically significant improvement in social anxiety symptoms, and 64% (7/11) lost their primary diagnosis of SAD. The total cost to the NHS of the CT-SAD-A treatment was £4047 (SD = £1003) per adolescent treated, of which £1861 (SD = £358) referred to the specific estimated cost of face-to-face delivery; the remaining cost was for training and supervising therapists who were not previously familiar with the treatment. Conclusions: This study provides preliminary evidence that clinicians can deliver good patient outcomes for adolescents with SAD in routine CAMHS during a period of supervised practice after receiving a 2-day training workshop. Furthermore, the cost of delivering CT-SAD-A with adolescents appeared to be no more than the cost of delivering CT-SAD with adults.

Stability and Change of Sociotropy and Autonomy Subscales in Cognitive Therapy of Depression

2004 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 135-148 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter J. Bieling ◽  
Aaron T. Beck ◽  
Gregory K. Brown
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Outcome ◽  
Cognitive Therapy ◽  
Psychological Health ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Goal Attainment ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Depression Symptoms ◽  
Repeated Measures Analysis ◽  
Sociotropy And Autonomy ◽  
Over Time

Sociotropy and autonomy have been demonstrated to be a diathesis for depression as well as predictors of treatment outcome. There are few studies, however, that have investigated whether these vulnerability factors change with cognitive therapy (CT) and are associated with outcome in CT. Also, it appears that the autonomy construct may have both positive and negative content and it is important to examine these two aspects of autonomy in treatment. In this study, depressed outpatients (N = 149) were followed from intake to the 12th session of CT. The treatment outcome variables included depression (Beck Depression Inventory), hopelessness (Beck Hopelessness Scale), and sociotropy and autonomy (Sociotropy-Autonomy Scale [SAS]). Using a repeated measures analysis, depression symptoms and hopelessness decreased significantly over time. Both subscales of sociotropy, preference for affiliation and fear of criticism and rejection, were positively associated with depression at intake, and decreased significantly over time in those who responded to treatment. However, independent goal attainment, one subscale of autonomy, increased significantly over sessions and was associated with treatment response. The second subscale of autonomy, sensitivity to others’ control, demonstrated no change. The results suggest that independent goal attainment may be an indicator of psychological health. Implications for future research using the SAS and its subscales in treatment and vulnerability research are described.

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