Effect of dietary prebiotic fructooligosaccharide on histology, digestive enzyme activity, biochemical and immunological parameters of Asian seabass (Lates calcarifer) juveniles

2020 ◽  
Vol 67 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Syed Raffic Ali ◽  
K. Ambasankar ◽  
P. Ezhil Praveena ◽  
S. Nandakumar ◽  
S. Balachandran ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Activity ◽  
Enzyme Activities ◽  
Digestive Enzyme ◽  
Digestive Enzyme Activity ◽  
Feeding Experiment ◽  
Lates Calcarifer ◽  
Immunological Parameters ◽  
Asian Seabass ◽  
Digestive Enzyme Activities ◽  
G Ratio

A feeding experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of dietary prebiotic, fructooligosaccharide (FOS) on histology, digestive enzyme activity, biochemical and immunological parameters of Asian seabass (Lates calcarifer) juveniles with an average initial body weight of 11.6±0.05 g. Experimental diets containing 0 (control), 0.25, 0.5, 0.75 and 1% FOS were prepared and the feeding experiment was conducted for a period of 45 days. Analysis of biochemical parameters in the serum of post-fed animals revealed that glucose, urea, cholesterol, triglyceride, albumin, albumin globulin ratio (A/G ratio), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) showed significant differences (p<0.05) among the treatment diets. Similarly, serum immunological parameters such as alternative complement pathway and nitroblue tetrazolium assay showed significantly (p<0.05) higher activities in groups fed with diets containing 0.75 and 1% FOS. Histological observation of post-fed experimental animals revealed that the absorptive surface area of the intestine and glycogen deposition in liver increased in fish fed with FOS supplemented diets. The digestive enzyme activities were significantly (p<0.05) elevated with increasing levels of dietary FOS. The results indicated that 1% FOS supplementation has a beneficial effect on the histology, digestive enzyme activities, biochemical and immunological parameters in seabass juveniles.

Dietary butyric acid improved growth, digestive enzyme activities and humoral immune parameters in Barramundi ( Lates calcarifer )

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 156-164 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hamed Aalamifar ◽  
Siyavash Soltanian ◽  
Arya Vazirzadeh ◽  
Mostafa Akhlaghi ◽  
Vahid Morshedi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Butyric Acid ◽  
Enzyme Activities ◽  
Digestive Enzyme ◽  
Lates Calcarifer ◽  
Humoral Immune ◽  
Immune Parameters ◽  
Digestive Enzyme Activities

scholarly journals Effects of dietary Bacillus NP5 and sweet potato extract on growth and digestive enzyme activity of dumbo catfish Clarias sp.

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 80-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
Achmad Noerkhaerin Putra ◽  
Yayu Romdhonah
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Activity ◽  
Sweet Potato ◽  
Ipomoea Batatas ◽  
Digestive Enzyme ◽  
Digestive Enzyme Activity ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Protein Retention ◽  
Final Weight ◽  
Digestive Enzyme Activities ◽  
Potato Extract

ABSTRACT This study aimed to investigate the effects of probiotic (Bacillus NP5), prebiotic (extracted from Ipomoea batatas var. sukuh,), and synbiotic on growth and digestive enzyme activity of dumbo catfish (Clarias sp.). Four treatments with 3 replications were used in the experiment, i.e; control, probiotic (1% Bacillus NP5 in feed), prebiotic (2% sweet potato extract in feed), and synbiotic (1% probiotic and 2% prebiotic in feed). After 45 days of rearing, catfish that were given probiotic, prebiotic, and synbiotic showed significantly (P<0.05) higher growth than that of the control. The average results on digestive enzyme activities in probiotic, prebiotic, and synbiotic treatments were significantly different (P<0.05) from that of the control. The addition of synbiotic to diets showed the best result on final weight, specific growth rate, feed conversion ratio, protein retention, protein efficiency ratio, and protease activities among other treatments. Keywords: catfish, growth, probiotic, prebiotic, symbiotic  ABSTRAK Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menginvestigasi pengaruh dari probiotik (Bacillus NP5), prebiotik (ekstrak ubi jalar varietas sukuh), dan sinbiotik terhadap pertumbuhan dan aktivitas enzim perncernaan ikan lele dumbo (Clarias sp.). Penelitian terdiri dari 4 perlakuan dan 3 kali ulangan, yakni: probiotik (Bacillus NP5 sebanyak 1% dalam pakan), prebiotik (ekstrak ubi jalar sebanyak 2% dalam pakan), dan sinbiotik (Bacillus NP5 1% + ekstrak ubi jalar sebanyak 2% dalam pakan). Setelah pemeliharaan selama 45 hari, ikan lele pada perlakuan dengan suplementasi probiotik, prebiotik, dan sinbiotik dalam pakan secara signifikan (P<0,05) menghasilkan pertumbuhan yang lebih baik dibandingkan dengan kontrol. Nilai aktivitas enzim pencernaan pada perlakuan probiotik, prebiotik, dan sinbiotik secara signifikan berbeda (P<0,05) dari kontrol. Penambahan sinbiotik pada pakan memberikan hasil terbaik pada parameter bobot akhir, laju pertumbuhan harian, FCR, retensi protein, rasio efisiensi protein, dan aktivitas enzim protease dibandingkan dengan perlakuan lainnya. Kata kunci: ikan lele, pertumbuhan, probiotik, prebiotik, sinbiotik.  

scholarly journals Composition of gastrointestinal content, protease and lipase activities in summer and winter of four freshwater siluriforms (Teleostei: Actinopterygii) with two different feeding habits

2018 ◽  
Vol 35 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Paula Gottlieb Almeida ◽  
Everton Luis Zardo ◽  
Candida Toni ◽  
Everton Rodolfo Behr ◽  
Leila Picolli da Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Activity ◽  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Nutrient Availability ◽  
Enzyme Activities ◽  
Digestive Enzymes ◽  
Feeding Habits ◽  
Digestive Enzyme ◽  
Digestive Enzyme Activity ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Over Time

The aim of this study was to determine the composition of gastrointestinal content and protease and lipase activities in summer and winter as well as to evaluate the relationship between digestive enzyme activity and centesimal composition of gastrointestinal content and feeding habits of two omnivorous species, Rhamdiaquelen (Quoy &amp; Gaimard, 1824) and Pimelodusmaculatus (LaCèpede, 1803), and of two detritivorous species, Loricariichthysanus (Valenciennes, 1835) and Hypostomuscommersoni (Valenciennes, 1836). The activities of pepsin, trypsin, chymotrypsin, and lipase, and the levels of proteins and lipids in the gastrointestinal tract, were evaluated. The enzyme activities were not related to the centesimal composition of gastrointestinal content or feeding habits. This finding could be associated with the variations of nutrient availability over time in the environment, as was observed in the centesimal composition of food ingested by the fish in summer and winter. The analyzed enzymes exhibited a constitutive character in these species; that is, the digestive enzymes are always available in the gastrointestinal tract to digest any food that the fish may find as an adaptation to better utilize the nutrients available in the environment in winter and summer.

scholarly journals Effects of Nutrient Restriction During Midgestation to Late Gestation on Maternal and Fetal Postruminal Carbohydrase Activities in Sheep

2019 ◽  
Vol 98 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronald J Trotta ◽  
Manuel A Vasquez-Hidalgo ◽  
Kimberly A Vonnahme ◽  
Kendall C Swanson
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Activity ◽  
Small Intestine ◽  
Enzyme Activities ◽  
Specific Activity ◽  
Digestive Enzyme ◽  
Total Content ◽  
Late Gestation ◽  
Nutrient Restriction ◽  
Digestive Enzyme Activities ◽  
Small Intestinal

Abstract To examine the effects of nutrient restriction during midgestation to late gestation on maternal and fetal digestive enzyme activities, 41 singleton ewes (48.3 ± 0.6 kg of BW) were randomly assigned to dietary treatments: 100% (control; CON; n = 20) or 60% of nutrient requirements (restricted; RES; n = 21) from day 50 until day 90 (midgestation). At day 90, 14 ewes (CON, n = 7; RES, n = 7) were euthanized. The remaining ewes were subjected to treatments of nutrient restriction or remained on a control diet from day 90 until day 130 (late gestation): CON-CON (n = 6), CON-RES (n = 7), RES-CON (n = 7), and RES-RES (n = 7) and were euthanized on day 130. The fetal and maternal pancreas and small intestines were weighed, subsampled, and assayed for digestive enzyme activity. One unit (U) of enzyme activity is equal to 1 µmol of product produced per minute for amylase, glucoamylase, lactase, and trypsin and 0.5 µmol of product produced per minute for maltase and isomaltase. Nutrient restriction during midgestation and late gestation decreased (P &lt; 0.05) maternal pancreatic and small intestinal mass but did not affect fetal pancreatic or small intestinal mass. Maternal nutrient restriction during late gestation decreased (P = 0.03) fetal pancreatic trypsin content (U/pancreas) and tended to decrease (P &lt; 0.08) fetal pancreatic trypsin concentration (U/g), specific activity (U/g protein), and content relative to BW (U/kg of BW). Nutrient restriction of gestating ewes decreased the total content of α-amylase (P = 0.04) and tended to decrease total content of trypsin (P = 0.06) and protein (P = 0.06) in the maternal pancreas on day 90. Nutrient restriction during midgestation on day 90 and during late gestation on day 130 decreased (P = 0.04) maternal pancreatic α-amylase-specific activity. Sucrase activity was undetected in the fetal and maternal small intestine. Nutrient restriction during late gestation increased (P = 0.01) maternal small intestinal maltase and lactase concentration and tended to increase (P = 0.06) isomaltase concentration. Realimentation during late gestation after nutrient restriction during midgestation increased lactase concentration (P = 0.04) and specific activity (P = 0.05) in the fetal small intestine. Fetal small intestinal maltase, isomaltase, and glucoamylase did not respond to maternal nutrient restriction. These data indicate that some maternal and fetal digestive enzyme activities may change in response to maternal nutrient restriction.

Effects of different photoperiods on digestive enzyme activities in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) alevin and fry

2016 ◽  
Vol 94 (6) ◽  
pp. 435-442 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fereshteh Ramzanzadeh ◽  
Sakineh Yeganeh ◽  
Khosro JaniKhalili ◽  
Seyedeh Sedigheh Babaei
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Activity ◽  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Oncorhynchus Mykiss ◽  
Enzyme Activities ◽  
Digestive Enzyme ◽  
Rainbow Trout Oncorhynchus Mykiss ◽  
First Feeding ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Digestive Enzyme Activities ◽  
L 14

The aim of this study was to investigate the ontogeny of digestive enzymes and effects of photoperiod on pancreatic enzyme activity in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss (Walbaum, 1792)) alevin and fry. After hatching, 3600 individuals of first-feeding alevin with a mean (±SD) mass of 119 ± 0.01 mg were reared in plastic tanks at four photoperiod levels (llight (L) : dark (D) cycle) for 6 weeks. Each replicate contained 300 alevin. Photoperiod treatments consisted of 14 h L : 10 h D, 10 h L : 14 h D, 4 h L : 20 h D, and 24 h L : 0 h D. During the rearing period, environmental variables including water temperature, oxygen, and pH were checked. Random sampling of alevin and fry was done at 0, 1, 3, 5, 8, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 39, and 44 days after the beginning of the first feeding (equal to 18, 19, 23, 25, 28, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 58, 63 days post hatching (dph)). The digestive enzyme activities in alevin and fry had a similar variation trend with age at all photoperiod levels. The specific activities of trypsin, chymotrypsin, and α-amylase at 24 h L : 0 h D were significantly higher than other treatments, but there was no significant difference in specific activity of lipase among treatments. The results demonstrated that growth, feeding efficiency, and digestive enzyme activity improved with longer exposure to photoperiod in rearing conditions.

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