PENGELOMPOKAN PLASMA NUTFAH RAMBUTAN BERDASARKAN KARAKTER MORFOLOGI

Rambutan is a fruit native to Indonesia, which has a high diversity. Indonesian Tropical Fruit Research Institute has a rambutan germplasm collection. The objectives of the research were to identify and classify rambutan germplasm accessions based on morphological characteristics, in order to identify the specific characteristics important for the development of future varieties of rambutan. Collecting data on the 32 accession was conducted in Aripan Experimental Field, Indonesian Tropical Fruit Research Institute from September 2014 to February 2015. Characterization of morphology characters referred to as the Descriptor for Rambutan was published by IPGRI. Cluster analysis based on morphological characteristics successfully separated the accession of rambutan R7 and R11 with 30 other rambutan accessions with the dissimilarity coefficient of 45%. Accession R4 was similar to Sitangkue, R14 was similar to Korong Gadang, and R15 was similar to Sinyonya. Characteristics that can be used to distinguish each of the accession of rambutan were the width of seed, seed thickness, total soluble solids (TSS), fruit diameter, spintern texture and the spintern color. Accession R15 can be developed as a commercial variety, because it has a high yield, and shelf life associated with high fruit weight characteristics and thick rind.

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The Diverse Collection of Exotic Tropical Fruits in The Indonesian Tropical Fruit Research Institute (ITFRI)

Journal of Tropical Horticulture ◽

10.33089/jthort.v3i2.54 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 3 (2) ◽

pp. 75

Author(s):

Fitriana Nasution ◽

Sri Hadiati

Keyword(s):

Leaf Shape ◽

Morphological Characteristics ◽

Fruit Shape ◽

Fruit Weight ◽

Leaf Margin ◽

Tropical Fruits ◽

Fruit Peel ◽

Tropical Fruit ◽

Exotic Fruits ◽

Research Institute

Indonesian Tropical Fruit Research Institute (ITFRI) known as an institute collecting exotic tropical fruits in Indonesia. The present study was carried to evaluate the characters of five exotic fruits in the Indonesian Tropical Fruit Research Institute (ITFRI), Solok, West Sumatra, Indonesia. The experiment used field observation. The characters considered were leaf character (leaf shape, leaf margin, leaf tip, leaf base, the color of upper leaf, color of under leaf, leaf surface, leaf length, leaf width), and fruit character (fruit shape, fruit peel texture, fruit length, fruit width, fruit weight, the color of mature peel, the color of mature flesh, taste, fruit weight, seed weight, seed number). Data were analyzed descriptively using tables. The five exotic fruits' morphological characteristics have demonstrated that every species of fruit has specific characteristics. These fruits have the potential to be raw materials for the pharmacy industry.

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Characterization of Tomato Accessions for Morphological, Agronomic, Fruit Quality, and Virus Resistance Traits

Canadian Journal of Plant Science ◽

10.1139/cjps-2020-0030 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Stanislava Grozeva ◽

Amol N. Nankar ◽

Daniela Ganeva ◽

Ivanka Tringovska ◽

Gancho Pasev ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Molecular Markers ◽

Fruit Quality ◽

Virus Resistance ◽

Fruit Shape ◽

Fruit Weight ◽

Soluble Solids ◽

Tomato Mosaic Virus ◽

High Yield ◽

Resistance Traits

Characterization of local germplasm is an effective way to identify elite breeding material and develop improved varieties. This study was aimed to assess 52 tomato accessions comprised of local varieties (28), landraces (8), breeding lines (14), and wild relatives (2) and its characterization for 30 morphological/agronomic, four fruit quality, and Tomato Mosaic Virus (ToMV) resistance traits. Morphological, quality, and ToMV traits were evaluated using phenotyping, biochemical assays, and molecular markers, respectively. Fruit shape and size showed appreciable variation with fruits varied from rounded to heart shape and small to big size. Significant variation was observed for fruit weight (1.6g to 564.8g), fruits per plant (6.0 to 174.7), productivity (130.5g to 5146.5g), soluble solids (4.1% to 8.4%), vitamin C (9.5 mg/100g to 46.4 mg/100g), antioxidant activity (2.5 μmol Fe2+/g FW to 9.6 μmol Fe2+/g FW), and total polyphenols (23.9 GAE/100g FW to 124.2 GAE/100g FW). All accessions were phenotypically screened for the virus resistance in the growth chamber and CAPS molecular markers were used to identify accessions with ToMV Tm-22 resistant alleles and accessions LYC-13, LYC-15, LYC-17, LYC-26, and LYC-52 were identified as resistant. Multivariate analysis of morphological and quality traits showed that 35 principal components (PCs) contributed to the total variation and the first two and twelve PCs explained 47.2% and 90% variation, respectively. The evaluated tomato collection appears to have breeding potential and around 20% accessions of the collection (LYC-6, LYC 17-18, LYC 26-31, LYC 33) are promising genetic resources for variety development that are enriched with enhanced fruit quality and high yield.

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Evaluasi Keragaan Beberapa Hibrida Semangka Koleksi Balai Penelitian Tanaman Buah Tropika

JURNAL BUDIDAYA PERTANIAN ◽

10.30598/jbdp.2019.15.2.101 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 15 (2) ◽

pp. 101-105

Author(s):

Makful Makful ◽

Kuswandi Kuswandi ◽

Sahlan Sahlan ◽

Mega Andini

Keyword(s):

Skin Color ◽

Sweet Taste ◽

Fruit Weight ◽

Soluble Solids ◽

Hybrid Breeding ◽

Skin Thickness ◽

Tropical Fruit ◽

Total Soluble Solids ◽

Soluble Solid ◽

High Yielding Varieties

Hybrid breeding of watermelon has led to the formation of high-yielding varieties. The objectives of the research were to determine the performance of hybrid watermelon of the Indonesian Tropical Fruit Research Institute (ITFRI) collection and to evaluate the superiority of each hybrid. The research has been conducted at Sumani Experimental Garden, ITFRI, Solok, West Sumatera, from April to July 2016. The material used consisted of 19 cross combinations. The data from this descriptive study were presented in the form of averages and pictures. The results showed that the hybrids that were tested showed diversity in size, fruit skin color, flesh color, skin thickness and fruit sweetness. Hybrids with three excellent characters, i.e. medium fruit weight, high total soluble solids (TSS) value, and moderate rind thickness, were not yet obtained. Hybrids that had the superiority in term of sweet taste and shelf life were BT1 × SGP, BT4 × BT4P, BT5 × BT4, BT6 × SGP and SGP × BT6. Keywords: hybrid, performance, total soluble solids, watermelon ABSTRAK Pemuliaan hibrida pada semangka mengarah kepada pembentukan varietas berdaya hasil tinggi. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui keragaan hibrida semangka koleksi Balitbu Tropika dan untuk mengevaluasi keunggulan masing-masing hibrida Penelitian dilaksanakan di Kebun Percobaan Sumani, Balitbu Tropika, Solok, Sumatera Barat, dari bulan April sampai dengan Juli 2016. Materi yang digunakan terdiri dari 19 kombinasi persilangan. Data hasil penelitian deskriptif ini ditampilkan dalam bentuk rataan dan gambar. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa hibrida yang diuji memiliki keragaman dalam ukuran, warna kulit buah, warna daging buah, ketebalan kulit buah dan kemanisan. Belum ditemukan hibrida yang memiliki tiga karakter unggul, yang terdiri dari bobot buah sedang, total padatan terlarut (total soluble solid) tinggi, dan kulit buah agak tebal. Hibrida yang memiliki keunggulan berupa rasa manis dan tahan simpan adalah BT1 × SGP, BT4 × BT4P, BT5 × BT4, BT6 × SGP dan SGP × BT6. Kata kunci: hibrida, keragaan, semangka, total padatan terlarut

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Genetic and Morphological Characterization of Mangifera indica L. Growing in Egypt

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci13084-18 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 53 (9) ◽

pp. 1266-1270 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Nader R. Abdelsalam ◽

Hayssam M. Ali ◽

Mohamed Z.M. Salem ◽

Elsayed G. Ibrahem ◽

Mohamed S. Elshikh

Keyword(s):

Genetic Diversity ◽

Mangifera Indica ◽

Morphological Characteristics ◽

Morphological Characterization ◽

Molecular Techniques ◽

Germplasm Management ◽

Fruit Crops ◽

The Family ◽

High Diversity

Mango (Mangifera indica L.) is a fruit crops belong to the family Anacardiaceae and is the oldest cultivated tree worldwide. Cultivars maintained in Egypt have not been investigated previously. Mango was first brought to Egypt from South Asia. Morphological and molecular techniques were used to identify the genetic diversity within 28 mango cultivars. SSR and EST-SSR were used for optimizing germplasm management of mango cultivars. Significant variations were observed in morphological characteristics and genetic polymorphism, as they ranged from 0.71% to 100%. High diversity was confirmed as a pattern of morphological and genotypes data. Data from the present study may be used to calculate the mango relationship and diversity currently grown in Egypt.

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Morphological characterization of the red dragon fruit - Selenicereus undatus (Haw.) D.R. Hunt – under growing conditions in the municipality of San Jerónimo (Antioquia, Colombia)

Revista Facultad Nacional de Agronomía Medellín ◽

10.15446/rfnam.v73n1.77735 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 73 (1) ◽

pp. 9019-9027

Author(s):

Jorge Andres Betancur G. ◽

Sandra Bibiana Muriel R. ◽

Elena Paola Gonzalez J.

Keyword(s):

Management Strategies ◽

Fruit Size ◽

Morphological Characterization ◽

Fruit Weight ◽

Soluble Solids ◽

Agronomic Management ◽

Dragon Fruit ◽

Valle Del Cauca ◽

Growing Conditions

The red dragon fruit Selenicereus undatus is a native fruit from the Americas. Its growing appeal in the international market as an exotic fruit highlights the relevance of the crop for the local economies. In Colombia, the high diversity within the genus and species makes it difficult to have reliable materials for propagation as cultivars. This agronomic challenge requires more studies of the distribution and real diversity within the genus Selenicereus sp. Due to the information aforementioned, the fruit is harvested in small localities as an extraction production system. This project aimed to morphologically characterize the working collection of red dragon fruit under growing conditions in the Municipality of San Jerónimo. It contained 30 accessions from the departments of Antioquia, Córdoba, and Valle del Cauca. Twenty-one characters of cladode, flower, and fruit were quantified to assess the diversity, and a restricted cluster analysis was performed to understand the morphological richness of the materials. As a result, it was observed differences in terms of stems, such as distance between areolas and width of cladode. This was also observed in flowers, in which their total length, the width of petals, the presence of trichomes, the color of calyx and petals, and the color of the stigma were different. Also, differences were recorded in the fruit. Characteristics such as weight and color of its skin were assessed, resulting in fruit size medium to small. Regarding other properties, total soluble solids varied between 11.2 to 15.6 °Brix. 55% of the fruits have measurements that fit market requirements. Finally, three accessions match the requirements of weight and °Brix, to be used as possible genotypes by commercial growers; however, studies about agronomic management strategies that favor an increase in fruit weight must be done.

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Characterization of mango (Mangifera indica L.) genotypes based on physio-chemical quality attributes

Journal of Applied and Natural Science ◽

10.31018/jans.v9i4.1510 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 9 (4) ◽

pp. 2199-2204

Author(s):

Lokesh Bora ◽

A. K. Singh ◽

C. P. Singh

Keyword(s):

Mangifera Indica ◽

Quality Attributes ◽

Fruit Weight ◽

Soluble Solids ◽

Chemical Quality ◽

Fruit Crops ◽

Total Soluble Solids ◽

Climatic Regions

Evaluation of fruit crops has been successfully utilized for studying the performance of varieties under different agro climatic regions time to time. In the present study cultivars were characterized on the basis of their physico-biochemical attributes. “Mallika” and “Neelgoa” were found superior in terms of fruit weight (321.87 g), size (12.55 cm, 8.13 cm), pulp weight (257.91 g) and pulp stone ratio (7.71) respectively. “Mallika” excelled in terms of sugar (20.82), while “Amrapali” in carotenoids (8.38 mg/100 g). Among them, Mallika (22.41◦B) possessed the high-est amount of total soluble solids while lowest amount in Langra (16.90 ◦B) whereas maximum titrable. The study shows the potential of Amrapali in terms of its quality, being late can meet the demand for later period when no other cultivar is available.

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Karakterisasi Plasma Nutfah Kangkung

Buletin Plasma Nutfah ◽

10.21082/blpn.v12n1.2006.p30-33 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

pp. 30

Author(s):

Yenni Kusandriyani ◽

NFN Luthfy

Keyword(s):

Genetic Resources ◽

Germplasm Collection ◽

Dry Season ◽

Breeding Program ◽

Stable Manure ◽

High Yielding Varieties ◽

Program Description ◽

Research Institute

Characterization of Ipomoea reptans germplasm collection were done in order to describe the accessions and to utilize as working collection materials for breeding program. Description was aimed to identify the new collections of 15 accessions I. reptans which were taken from IVEGRI (Indonesia Vegetable Goverment Research Institute) germplasm collection. The experiment was carried out in Subang station (100 m asl) in dry season 2002. Each accession were planted 40 plant per plot of I. reptans with plant distance 20 x 30 cm. The plants of were fertilized with stable manure 20 t/ha and NPK (15 : 15 : 15) 500 kg/ha. The result of the study was a description of genetic resources that will be exchanged and utilized in breeding for high yielding varieties of I. reptans with better quality. AbstrakKarakterisasi plasma nutfah kangkung dilakukan untuk mendapatkan deskripsi sifat tanaman dan sebagai bahan working collection yang akan digunakan sebagai bahan dalam program pemuliaan. Penelitian mencakup 15 nomor aksesi kangkung di Kebun Percobaan Subang (100 m dpl) Jawa Barat pada musim kemarau 2002, tiap nomor dari masing-masing aksesi ditanam sebanyak 40 tanaman. Tanaman diberi pupuk kandang domba dengan takaran 20 t/ha dan NPK (15 : 15 : 15) 500 kg/ha. Hasil penelitian ini menghasilkan deskripsi plasma nutfah tanaman kangkung untuk pertukaran informasi mengenai sumber genetik yang akan digunakan dalam pemuliaan untuk mendapatkan varietas unggul dengan kualitas yang lebih baik.

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Gene effect and heterosis in Capsicum baccatum var. pendulum

Ciência Rural ◽

10.1590/s0103-84782014000600013 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 44 (6) ◽

pp. 1031-1036 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Artur Mendes Medeiros ◽

Rosana Rodrigues ◽

Leandro Simões Azeredo Gonçalves ◽

Cláudia Pombo Sudré ◽

Hérica Santos de Oliveira ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Combining Ability ◽

Block Design ◽

Fruit Weight ◽

Soluble Solids ◽

High Yield ◽

Additive Effects ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Weight Yield ◽

Lady’S Finger ◽

Agronomic Potential

Heterosis has been exploited in Capsicum annuum commercial hybrids; however, the use of heterosis in C. baccatum still remains to be explored, and studies related to the genetics and breeding of this species are scarce. The present study aimed to estimate the combining ability of five parents of C. baccatum var. pendulum , representatives of two distinct types of fruits (namely, lady's finger and cambuci), to calculate heterosis and to evaluate the agronomic potential of the hybrids for yield and fruit quality. The hybrids were produced from a complete diallel without reciprocals. The parents and hybrids were evaluated under field conditions in a randomized block design with three replications, and the following traits were assessed: number of fruits per plant, fruit weight, yield per plant, fruit length, fruit diameter and soluble solids. All traits were significant for general and specific combining ability, indicating that additive and non-additive effects are involved in the genetic control of these traits. The hybrid combinations between the types lady's finger and cambuci provided elongated fruits with smaller diameters and greater weight compared with the parents of the cambuci type. However, these factors did not lead to a significant increase in the yield per plant due to the decreased number of fruits except in hybrid UENF 1616 x UENF 1732. Considering only the parents and hybrids within each type of fruit, the genitor UENF 1624 (lady's finger) and the hybrid UENF 1639 x UENF 1732 (cambuci x cambuci) stood out for achieving a high yield per plant.

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PRODUCTION AND POSTHARVEST QUALITY OF IRRIGATED PASSION FRUIT AFTER N-K FERTILIZATION

Revista Brasileira de Fruticultura ◽

10.1590/0100-29452017553 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 39 (3) ◽

Author(s):

DANIEL GONÇALVES DIAS ◽

RODINEI FACCO PEGORARO ◽

VICTOR MARTINS MAIA ◽

ANANIAS COSTA MEDEIROS

Keyword(s):

Titratable Acidity ◽

Fruit Weight ◽

Passion Fruit ◽

Soluble Solids ◽

Yield Potential ◽

Postharvest Quality ◽

High Yield ◽

Pulp Yield ◽

Minas Gerais State

ABSTRACT Studies with nitrogen and potassium in yellow passion fruit cultivars with high yield potential are scarce in semiarid regions. The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence the N and K doses on productivity and fruit quality of different passion fruit cultivars in irrigated conditions in the northern of Minas Gerais state. The study was installed at experimental farm located in Janaúba-MG. This area was located at 15º 47’ S and 43º 18’ W, 516 m above sea level. The experiment was in completely randomized block with four replications, arranged in 4 x 6 factorial design consisting of four Passion Fruit cultivars (BRS Sol do Cerrado, BRS Ouro Vermelho, BRS Gigante Amarelo, IAC 275) and six N and K doses, which corresponded to 0-0, 50-125, 100-250, 150-375, 200 -500 and 250-625 kg ha-1 yr-1 of N and K2O, respectively. BRS Gigante Amarelo and BRS Sol do Cerrado cultivars showed higher productivity. Total fruit yield and average fruit weight were higher for BRS Sol do Cerrado and IAC 275, BRS Gigante Amarelo and BRS Ouro Vermelho cultivars, respectively. IAC 275 showed the highest pulp yield and along with BRS Sol do Cerrado, showed the higher soluble solids/titratable acidity ratio. BRS Sol do Cerrado, BRS Gigante Amarelo and IAC 275 cultivars showed higher pulp productivity, indicating that they are more promising for passion fruit juice industry.

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Characterization of the Industrial Residues of Seven Fruits and Prospection of Their Potential Application as Food Supplements

Journal of Chemistry ◽

10.1155/2015/264284 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 2015 ◽

pp. 1-8 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Soraya de Oliveira Sancho ◽

Ana Raquel Araújo da Silva ◽

Allan Nilson de Sousa Dantas ◽

Ticiane Alencar Magalhães ◽

Gisele Simone Lopes ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽

Radical Scavenging Activity ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Soluble Solids ◽

Food Supplementation ◽

Total Phenolic ◽

Tropical Fruit ◽

Industrial Residues ◽

Cashew Apple

Seven residues from tropical fruit (acerola, cashew apple, guava, mango, papaya, pineapple, and sapota) processing were prospected for physicochemical parameters (pH, total soluble solids, water activity, reducing sugar, acidity, protein, moisture, ash, and lipids), functional compounds (total phenolic content, anthocyanins, ascorbic acid, and free radical scavenging activity—DPPH), fatty acid profile, and mineral content. Prospection of these industrial residues aimed its use as potential sources for food supplementation. Acerola residue was found to be a valuable source of anthocyanins, phenolics, and vitamin C; cashew apple residue could be a source of unsaturated fatty acids; pineapple and papaya residues could be used, respectively, as manganese and phosphorous source.

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