scholarly journals COCONUT PRODUCTION UNDER VARIOUS CROPPING PATTERNS AND ITS CORRELATION TO THE SOIL AND LEAF NUTRIENT ELEMENT

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 81
Author(s):  
DOAH DEKOK TARIGANS
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Set ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Nitrogen Concentration ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Nutrient Elements ◽  
Cropping Pattern ◽  
Nutrient Element ◽  
Cropping Patterns ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Nut Production

<p>i-ow productivity of coconut farm is the main problem of coconut industry. The fact that intercropped palms were more productive than when solely planted, the most suitable way to increase productivity is through multiple cropping. To cope with (he existing variation of cropping pattern in relation to coconut production, soil and leaf nutrient element, various cropping patterns with four species of perennial crop as intercrops were conducted under study. The objectives of the study were (1) to study the effect of cropping patterns on the growth, nut production and farm productivity of coconut under farmer levels, soil chemical propeties and leaf nutrient element and (2) to study the correlation between growth and production parameter with soil chemical propeties and leaf nutrient elements. Various cropping patens under study namely (1) coconut monoculture (control), (2) coconut + pineapple, (3) coconut + coffee, (4) coconuf - papaya ♦ pineapple, (5) coconut + banana + coffee, and (6) coconut + banana + papaya + coffee i pineapple Total area for each cropping patern was 0.5 ha with coconut planting distance 8 m x 10 m and the palms 35-40 years old The site of the experiment conducted was at Silang, Cavite. Data on coconut growth and production, soil chemical properties and leaf nutrient parameters, were statistically analyzed in a randomized complete block design (RCDB) with three replications. Correlation analysis were performed on the following (1) Growlh and production parameters with soil chemical propeties, and leaf nutrient elements, (2) Relationship among nutrient element in the coconut leaves under various cropping paterns Results of the study showed that the effect of cropping patterns on the number of full-grown nul increased signiicantly more nut and higher amounts of copra per tree were produced in intercropped farms than in the mono-cropped coconut plantation. These increase ranged from 64 to 98 percent in terms of nuts and 70 to 105 percent in terms of copra. Positive correlation was observed between nitrogen in the top soil with weight of copra and nut production. The exchangeable potassium in lop soil was positively correlated with nut production. Meanwhile, the organic mater, content in the soil were positively correlated with weight of copra, nut production but negatively correlated with percentage of nul shedding. These results implies that increase organic matter content in the soil will increase coconut production including fruit set Nitrogen concentration in the leaf was positively and highly signiicantly correlated with number of nut shedding These finding suggested that the increased nitrogen concentration in the leaf greatly promotes nul production and fruit set of the palms under various cropping patterns in coconut The potassium in the leaf was significantly correlated with nul production but negatively correlated with percentage of nut shedding. Key words: Coconut production, cropping patterns, soil chemical, leaf nutrient elements, correlation<br /><br /><strong>RINGKASAN </strong></p><p><strong>Produksi kelapa pada beberapa pola tanam dan hubungannya dengan kandungan unsur hara tanah dan daun kelapa</strong></p><p>Rendahnya produktivitas tanaman merupakan masalah utama pada perkebunan kelapa. Salah satu cara untuk meningkatkan produktivitas yaitu melalui penerapan usahatani kelapa campuran. Suatu kenyataan bahwa penerapan intercropping menyebabkan tanaman kelapa lebih produktif dibandingkan dengan tanaman monokultur. Untuk mengetahu sejauh mana pengaruh tersebut secara ilmiah, serta hubungannya terhadap unsur hara tanah dan unsur hara dalam daun kelapa maka dilakukan penelitian secara terencana pada pertanaman kelapa rakyat produktif. Tujuan penelitian ini (1) untuk mengetahui pengaruh pola tanam terhadap petumbuhan dan produksi tanaman kelapa, terhadap unsur hara dalam tanah dan kadar hara daun kelapa dan (2) mcmpelajari korelasi antara parameter petumbuhan dan produksi kelapa dengan hara tanah serta kadar unsur hara daun. Enam polatanam kelapa yang diuji dalam penelitian ini yaitu (1) kelapa monokultur, (2) pola tanam kelapa + nanas, (3) pola tanam kelapa * kopi, (4) pola tanam kelapa + papaya + nanas , (5) pola tanam kelapa + pisang ♦ kopi dan (6) pola tanam kelapa + pisang + papaya ♦ kopi + nanas dimana masing-masing pola tanam seluas 0.5 ha. Jarak tanam kelapa 8 m x 10 m, dengan umur 40-45 tahun. Penelitian dilakukan di Silang, Cavite. Penelitian menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap (randomized complete block design) dengan tiga ulangan. Parameter yang diamali meliputi jumlah daun, jumlah bunga betina (button) per tandan, kadar unsur hara tanah meliputi kandungan bahan organik, pH, CEC, Nitrogen, Phosphor, Calcium, dan Magnesium. Sedangkan unsur hara daun yaitu Nitrogen, Phosphor, Calsium, dan Magnesium. Analisis korelasi dilakukan terhadap (1) pertumbuhan dan produksi kelapa dengan unsur hara tanah, dan unsur hara daun dan (2) hubungan antar unsur hara daun kelapa pada beberapa polatanam kelapa yang ditclili. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa produksi buah dan kopra pada polatanam campuran lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan hasil pola tanam kelapa monokultur. Peningkatan produksi buah 64-98 persen dan kopra 70-105 persen. Kadar nitrogen pada lapisan atas tanah mempunyai korelasi positif dengan berat kopra dan produksi buah. Sedangkan unsur kalium pada lapisan tanah yang sama mempunyai korelasi positif dengan produksi buah kelapa Kandungan bahan organik tanah mempunyai korelasi positif dengan berat kopra, produksi buah namun berkorelasi negatip dengan presentase buah yang gugur (nut shedding) Hasil ini berimplikasi bahwa dengan meningkatnya kadar bahan organik tanah akan meningkatkan produktivitas tanaman kelapa. Lebih lanjut, hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kadar nitrogen dan kalium pada daun mempunyai korelasi positif dengan peningkatan produksi kelapa dan persentasi buah yang jadi.</p><p>Kata kunci: Produksi kelapa, polatanam, unsur hara tanah, kadar unsur daun, analisis korelasi</p>

scholarly journals SOIL PROPERTIES AND NUTRIENT ELEMENT STATUS OF COCONUT LEAVES UNDER DEFFERENT CROPPING PATTERNS

CORD ◽  
1988 ◽  
Vol 4 (01) ◽  
pp. 34
Author(s):  
Doah Dekok Tarigans
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Properties ◽  
Cation Exchange ◽  
Cation Exchange Capacity ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Cropping Pattern ◽  
Nutrient Element ◽  
Cropping Patterns ◽  
Significant Difference

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of six co­conut cropping patterns on the soil properties and nutrient element status of coconut leaves. The experiments were carried out from August 1984 to May 1985 in Silang, Cavite, Philippines. Data on‑soil properties and nutrient element starus of coconut leaves were statistically analyzed in Randomized Block Design with three replications. Six cropping patterns in coconut with four species of perennial crops as intercrops, namely: banana, papaya, coffee and pineapple were used in this study. The organic matter, pH and cation exchange capacity of the soils did not differ significantly with cropping pattern although intensively cropped farms tended to have higher organic matter' and cation exchange capacity values. Nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in the top soil were significantly higher in most intensive intercropped farms, but calcium and magnesium did not vary significantly. Moisture content, waterholding capacity, bulk density and particle density of the soil did not show significant difference with cropping patterns. Likewise, the number of bacteria, fungi and actinomycetes in the soil remained statistically the same. Leaf nitrogen and calcium, in­creased while potassium decreased with intensity of cropping. Phosphorus and magnesium showed no definite trend.

scholarly journals Nitrogen and Chicken Manure Effect on Corn Growth and Yield in Double Row Cropping Patterns

2021 ◽  
Vol 04 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eko Suprijono ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Weight ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
N Fertilizer ◽  
Chicken Manure ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizers ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Cropping Pattern ◽  
Double Row ◽  
Cropping Patterns

Corn (Zea mays L.) is a common food and feed product in the community since it is commonly used as rice substitution as food staple. Fertilizer application is required to attain crop high yields. Plants can receive nutrients from synthetic nitrogen fertilizers (NF) during their growth cycle. However, excessive use of NF might harm the environment. Organic chicken manure (CM), on the other hand, can minimize the harmful impact of NF. Chicken manure benefits to improve the soil’s physical, chemical, and biological properties. To boost maize plant growth and productivity, might employ CM and NF. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of NF and CM on corn growth and yield. This research was conducted in Kembang Seri, Central Bengkulu, Indonesia from November 2019 to February 2020 using Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with two factors and three replications. The first factor was NF doses (100, 125, and 150 %), and the second-factor consisted of CM doses (0, 10, and 20 tons/ha). Data were analyzed using ANOVA F-5%. On shoot dry weight of corn cultivated in a double row cropping pattern, there was an interaction between the dose of N and chicken manure. At 0 tons/ha, the optimum N fertilizer dose for chicken manure is 135.96 %, or 407.86 kg urea/ha. At a dose of 20 tons/ha, the optimum N fertilizer dose for chicken manure is 141.22 %, or 423.65 kg urea/ha. In a double row cropping pattern, different nitrogen fertilizer doses had no effect on corn growth and yield. The optimal dose of chicken manure was 16.65 tons/ha for plant height, 17.35 tons/ha for stem diameter, 18.89 tons/ha for leaf greenness, 17.35 tons/ha for cob length, 15.01 tons/ha for cob weight, 18.87 tons/ha for dry seed weight/plant, and 19.74 tons/ha for dry seed weight/plot.

scholarly journals Respon Pola Tanam Jagung-Sorgum Terhadap Beberapa Paket Pemupukan Berbasis Mikoriza Indigenus Dan Bahan Organik Di Lahan Kering Lombok Utara

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 153
Author(s):  
Wahyu Astiko ◽  
Wayan Wangiyana
Keyword(s):  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Crop Yields ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Environmentally Friendly ◽  
Nutrient Status ◽  
Cropping Pattern ◽  
Dry Land ◽  
Cropping Patterns ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Mycorrhizal Inoculation

This study aims to determine the response of corn-sorghum cropping patterns on several environmentally friendly fertilization packages that can improve the quality of soil fertility streamline the use of inorganic fertilizers and improve crop yields on dry land. This research was conducted at Akar-Akar Village, Bayan District, North Lombok. The experimental design used was a Randomized Block Design, by testing five environmentally friendly fertilization packages on the corn-sorghum cropping pattern and repeated 4 times. The results showed that the response of maize-sorghum cropping patterns to the fertilizing package 60% lower than the recommended fertilizer dosage with the addition of 12 tons of manure per ha accompanied by mycorrhizal inoculation increasing soil fertility shown by increasing nutrient status of N, P, K and ingredients soil organic matter, increasing plant nutrient uptake (N, P, K and Ca), growth, crop yields and MA activity in the soil. 

scholarly journals Increasing Cropping Intensity and Crop Productivity of Four Crops Based Mustard-Boro-T. Aus-T. Aman Cropping Pattern

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 109-117
Author(s):  
A Barman ◽  
S Shome ◽  
MR Khatun ◽  
MM Masud ◽  
S Akther
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Cropping System ◽  
Crop Productivity ◽  
Cost Ratio ◽  
Cropping Pattern ◽  
Marginal Benefit ◽  
Cropping Intensity ◽  
Benefit Cost Ratio ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Benefit Cost

A field trial on soil test based (STB) fertilizer doses was conducted during the year of 2017-2018 and 2018-2019 in Jashore region (AEZ-11) to find out the most suitable fertilizer doses for four crop based cropping pattern considering the agronomic feasibility and economic return of the system. The experiment consisted of eight different treatments viz. T1: 100% NPKSZnB (STB), T2: T1 + 25% N, T3: T1 + 25% NP, T4: T1 + 25% NK, T5:T1 + 25% PK, T6:T1 + 25% NPK, T7: 75% of T1, T8: Native fertility. Randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications was followed. Data revealed that seed yield of mustard was remarkably influenced by fertilizer treatments while grain yield of other components of the cropping system was not affected significantly by the treatments except control or native fertility. It was observed that 25% more NPK over 100% STB dose provided the highest yield of all the component crops. The highest rice equivalent yield (3.34 t ha-1) was recorded from T6 and the lowest (1.88 t ha-1) from T8 treatment. Maximum gross return (Tk. 420000/ha) and marginal benefit cost ratio (4.08) were also obtained from T6 treatment. So, 25% NPK+ 100% STB dose of fertilizer could be followed for productive and remunerative rice based cropping system Mustard-Boro-T. Aus-T.Aman in AEZ-11. Bangladesh Agron. J. 2021, 24(1): 109-117

scholarly journals Improvement of Potato-Jute -T. Aman Cropping Pattern Through Inclusion of Mungbean

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 87-95
Author(s):  
AK Chowdhury ◽  
T Zahan ◽  
MM Anowar ◽  
MK Islam ◽  
SH Molla ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Production Efficiency ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Soil Health ◽  
Cropping Pattern ◽  
Cropping Intensity ◽  
Land Use Efficiency ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
High Yielding Varieties ◽  
Equivalent Yield

Inclusion of mungbean in a cropping pattern not only increases the cropping intensity but also enriches soil health as well as ensures nutrition for the fast-growing population of Bangladesh. A study was conducted in farmers’ field of Domar, Nilphamari, Bangladesh during 2013-14 and 2014-15 to evaluate the performance of four-crop based cropping pattern Potato – Mungbean – Jute - T.Aman rice against the existing farmer’s pattern Potato-Jute-T.Aman rice. The experiment was laid out in randomized complete block design with six disperse replications. Two-year study revealed that inclusion of mungbean and practice of better management along with use of modern high yielding varieties in the existing cropping pattern increased rice equivalent yield of the whole pattern by 38.7% and economic profit by 73.1%. Moreover, land use efficiency and production efficiency of Potato – Mungbean – Jute -T.Aman pattern were higher than the existing pattern by 14.0 and 28.2%, respectively. Thus, the study suggests incorporation of mungbean in the existing Potato-Jute-T.Aman pattern could be a agronomically and economically profitable for the farmers as well as cropping intensity can be increased.Bangladesh Agron. J. 2017, 20(2): 87-95

scholarly journals Growth and yield of temulawak (Curcuma xanthorizha Roxb.) and corn (Zea mays L.) with various intercropping patterns

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ellis Nihayati ◽  
Anisa Rosida ◽  
Nur Azizah
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Cropping Pattern ◽  
Harvest Time ◽  
Planting Pattern ◽  
Cropping Patterns ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Net Profit

Temulawak is rarely cultivated with any intensity because it has a long harvest time and requires wide spacing. One of the solutions for temulawak cultivation is through applying intercropping systems with corn. The current research aimed to determine the most advantageous intercropping planting pattern of temulawak and corn. The experiment adhered to a randomized block design with six treatments and four replications. The treatments were: T1 = strip cropping; T2 = row cropping; T3 = strip-relay temulawakcorn; T4 = row-relay temulawak-corn; T5 = strip-relay corn-temulawak; and T6 = rowrelay corn-temulawak. The results showed that different cropping patterns of an intercropping system of temulawak and corn affected the growth and yield of both crops. The most suitable polyculture cropping pattern, based on land equivalence ratios (LER) values and R/C ratios, was strip cropping that produced rhizhomes of temulawak of up to 2.68 ton ha-1 and of corn of up to 5.24 ton ha-1. The LER value was 1.22 and the revenue/cost (R/C) ratio was as much as 1.43 with a net profit of as much as IDR 9,509,000.

Successive applications of gibberellic acid to reduce flowering of 'Montenegrina' mandarin in alternate bearing

2021 ◽  
Vol 56 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sabrina Raquel Griebeler ◽  
Mateus Pereira Gonzatto ◽  
Gerson Nestor Böettcher ◽  
Leonardo André Schneider ◽  
Manuela Sulzbach ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gibberellic Acid ◽  
Fruit Set ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Experimental Unit ◽  
Winter Period ◽  
Alternate Bearing ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Citrus Deliciosa ◽  
Leafy Shoots ◽  
Single Flower

Abstract: The objective of this work was to evaluate the number of successive applications of gibberellic acid (GA3), during the autumn-winter period, for its effect on the reduction of flowering, in the subsequent spring after periods of low fruit load (off-year), in 'Montenegrina' mandarin trees (Citrus deliciosa). Sequential applications at 40 mg L-1 GA3 were tested from one to four times, at 21-day intervals, beginning in the end of May. The experiment was carried out in a randomized complete block design, with four treatments and a control, four replicates, and one plant per experimental unit. Flowering, sprouting, types of shoots, fruit set, and fruit diameter were evaluated. The fruit set increases exponentially with the reduction of flowering intensity. The use of GA3 in two, three, or four sequential applications, from May to June, May to July, and from May to August, at 21-day intervals, reduces the intensity of flowering and sprouting of alternate bearing plants in the subsequent spring, increasing mixed shoots and reducing floral shoots. The use of four sequential applications of 40 mg L-1 GA3 promotes a great increase in the frequency of single flower terminal leafy shoots and favors the increase of fruit fixation and size.

scholarly journals Kajian Macam Pola Tanam Jajar Legowo dan Kombinasi Pupuk Terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Produksi Tanaman Padi (Oryza sativa L.)

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 59-71
Author(s):  
Muhammad Usman ◽  
Choirul Anam ◽  
Mariyatul Qibtiyah ◽  
Istiqomah Istiqomah
Keyword(s):  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Cropping Pattern ◽  
Panicle Length ◽  
Sample Weight ◽  
Cropping Patterns ◽  
High Productivity ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Fertilizer Combination

This research was conducted in Botoputih Village, Tikung District, Lamongan Regency. Altitude of ± 6 Masl. Research in February - April 2019. Using Factorial Randomized Block Design (RBD) method, which consists of two factors each factor consists of 3 levels which are repeated 3 times, i.e. : Jajar Legowo cropping factor (J) consists of 3 treatments, namely : Jajar Legowo 2:1 cropping pattern (J1), Jajar Legowo 3:1 cropping pattern (J2), Jajar Legowo 4:1 cropping pattern (J4). The fertilizer combination factor (P) consists of 3 treatments, namely : fertilizer combination of Petroganik 500 kg. ha-1 + PHONSKA 300 kg. ha-1 + Urea 200 kg. ha-1 (P1), fertilizer combination of Petroganik 500 kg. ha-1 + Urea 300 kg. ha-1 + SP-36 75 kg. ha-1 + KCl 50 kg. ha-1 (P2), fertilizer combination of Petroganik 500 kg. ha-1 + ZA 300 kg. ha-1 + SP-36 75 kg. ha-1 + KCl 50 kg. ha-1 (P3). The parameters observed included: tall plants, number of tillers, number of productive tillers, panicle length, number of grain per panicle, weight of wet grain per sample, weight of dry grain per sample, weight of dry grain per hectare and weight of 1000 seeds. Data from observations are calculated by analysis of variance followed by a 5% Least Significance Different (LSD) Test. This study aims to determine the effect of the treatment of legowo jajar cropping patterns and the best combination of fertilizers on rice growth and production. Treatments that provide high productivity are J1P3 (Jajar Legowo 2:1 cropping pattern and fertilizer combination of of Petroganik 500 kg ha-1 + ZA 300 kg. ha-1 + SP-36 75 kg. ha-1 + KCl 50 kg. ha-1)

scholarly journals Utilization of Rice Husk ash and Bamboo Leaf for Increasing Si for Rice Production on Paddy Soil

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 65
Author(s):  
Suryono Suryono ◽  
Suwarto Suwarto ◽  
Ima Farohi
Keyword(s):  
Rice Husk Ash ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Nutrient Element ◽  
Factor I ◽  
Bamboo Leaves ◽  
Factor Ii ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Husk Rice ◽  
Si Content

Silicate is an important  nutrient element  for rice plants. Rice is a plant that absorbs Si in large quantities. The low Si content in paddy fields is caused by intensive rice cultivation practices. Ash husk rice and bamboo leaves are materials that have a high silicate content so that the addition of husk ash and bamboo leaves can  increase the availability of Si in nature. This research used Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD), the factor that was tested were Factor I (source of Si : S1, S2) and Factor II (Dosage: D0, D1, D2, D3, D4). The results showed there is significant difference on the available Si, Si uptakeorganic matter, total number tiller, weight of 1000 grains. The application of Rice ask hush dose 10 Mg ha-1 (S1D4) can increase available Si, Uptake Si, Organic Matter, total number tiller and weight of 1000 grains than the appliacation of bamboo leaf.

scholarly journals Assessment of the Agronomic Performance of Two Varieties of Soybean as Influence by Time of Introduction of Maize and Cropping Pattern

2015 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
pp. 36-46
Author(s):  
M.M. Degri ◽  
Philip O. Osang ◽  
I.B. Richard
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Cropping Pattern ◽  
Agronomic Performance ◽  
Soybean Variety ◽  
Land Equivalent Ratio ◽  
Cropping Patterns ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
The University

Field experiments were conducted to assess the effect of time of introduction of maize and cropping pattern on two varieties of soybean in a soybean/maize intercrop in 2007 and 2008 seasons at the University of Agriculture Makurdi. Three periods of introduction of maize were evaluated: (i) planting at the same time with soybean;(ii) introduction of maize two weeks after planting soybean and (iii) introduction of maize four weeks after planting soybean. There were five cropping patterns viz: (i) soybean variety Samsoy-2 planted sole (ii) soybean variety TGX 1448-2E planted sole (iii) maize variety DMR-ESR-Y planted sole (iv) Samsoy -2 intercrop with maize and (v) TGX1448-2E intercrop with maize. The experiment was a split plot laid on complete randomized block design replicated three times. Results obtained revealed that there was no significant effect of time of introduction of maize on any soybean parameter observed. Yield and yield components of soybean indicated significant effect of cropping pattern (P<0.01) with number of pods per plant and grain yield. Grain yield and number of pods per plant decreased in intercrop with soybean variety Samsoy-2 having the highest number of pods per plant and grain yield. The result on maize indicated that maize planted sole was significantly (P<0.01) taller than intercropped maize, there was significant (P<0.01) effect of time of introduction of maize and cropping pattern on maize plant height, ear length, ear diameter, survival and barrenness percentage and grain yield. The Land Equivalent ratio (LER) values indicated that higher yield advantages were obtained from maize introduced two weeks after planting soybean and maize intercropped with soybean variety Samsoy-2 (1.35) than with soybean variety TGX1448-2E (1.12).

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