scholarly journals The Role of Physical Aerobic Activity in Controlling Exercise-Induced Bronchoconstriction in Children and Adolescents with Asthma

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 484-487
Author(s):  
Walid Abdelbasset ◽  
Abbas Elsayed
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Aerobic Exercise ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Life Quality ◽  
Aerobic Exercise Training ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Aerobic Activity ◽  
Children And Young Adolescents ◽  
Exercise Induced

Asthma, one of the major widespread chronic disorders among children and adolescents, has become more prevalent recently. The common manifestations of this disorder are caused by inflammatory airways that lead to airway restriction and lung hypersensitivity causing dry coughing, wheezing, and shortness of breath, all of which are combined with sleep disturbance, impaired physical activity, and reduced quality of life. The main goal of this brief review was to identify the associated variables that affect the management of asthma disease in children and young adolescents and to identify the role of physical aerobic exercise in the treatment of asthmatic children. The current review was based on prior research published in English databases such as Google Scholar, PubMed, and Embase in scientific articles published between January 2010 and October 2021 with the keywords "asthma," "children," "adolescents," "breathing episodes," "physical activity," and "physical exercise." Regular physical aerobic exercise training with moderate intensity has been shown to improve pulmonary functions, life quality, psychological conditions, and reduce asthma symptoms and EIB in children and adolescents with bronchial asthma.

scholarly journals Metabolic Adaptations to Aerobic Exercise in Aged Mice

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 533-533
Author(s):  
Tyler Marx ◽  
Anastasiia Vasileva ◽  
Stephen Hutchison ◽  
Jennifer Stern
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Exercise Training ◽  
Aerobic Exercise ◽  
Aerobic Exercise Training ◽  
Metabolic Function ◽  
Glucagon Receptor ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Exercise Induced

Abstract Aerobic exercise training is a potent intervention for the treatment and prevention of age-related disease, such as heart disease, obesity, and Type 2 Diabetes. Insulin resistance, a hallmark of Type 2 Diabetes, is reversed in response to aerobic exercise training. However, the effect of aerobic exercise training on glucagon sensitivity is unclear. Glucagon signaling at the liver promotes fatty acid oxidation, inhibits De novo lipogenesis, and activates AMP Kinase, a key mediator of healthy aging. Like humans, aging in mice age leads to a decline in physical and metabolic function. To understand the role of glucagon signaling in exercise-induced improvements in physical and metabolic function in the mouse, we implemented a 16-week aerobic exercise training protocol in young and aged mice. 16 weeks of exercise training initiated at 6 months of age increased markers of physical function (P<0.01) and attenuated age-related weight gain (P<0.05) and fat mass (P<0.0001). Additionally, exercise training improved glucose clearance (P<0.01), enhanced glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (P<0.01) and decreased hepatic lipid accumulation (P<0.05). Importantly, exercise training decreased hypoglycemia stimulated glucagon secretion (P<0.01), with no effect on hepatic glucagon receptor mRNA expression or serum glucagon. Thus, we propose that aerobic exercise training enhances glucagon sensitivity at the liver, implicating glucagon as a potential mediator of exercise-induced improvements in aging. Studies initiating the same aerobic exercise training intervention at 18 months of age in the mouse are currently underway to establish the role of glucagon receptor signaling in exercise-induced improvements in aging.

scholarly journals Moderate intensity aerobic exercise effects on the quality of life and general health

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dilara Sak ◽  
Taygun Dayı ◽  
Erkan Günay ◽  
Adile Öniz
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Physical Activity ◽  
Health Status ◽  
Aerobic Exercise ◽  
General Health ◽  
Life Quality ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
General Health Status ◽  
Competitive Cyclists

Objective: Effects of regular physical activity on the human health is an important factor for the life quality parameters. The present study aimed to determine effects of moderate aerobic exercise on the life quality and human health. Materials and Methods: There were three groups (competitive cyclists, recreational cyclists and control) who voluntarily participated in this study. The cyclists of the National Bicycle Federation who could continue trainings during the Corona virus pandemic (n: 50), cyclists of the amateur clubs (n: 50) and 50 sedentary adults (≥19 years) were enrolled (n:150). World Health Organization Quality of Life Questionnaire Abbreviated Version - WHOQOL-BREF-TR was used to determine participants' life qualities. Results: Competitive cyclists trained for 13.33 (±7.24) hours per week and they had 4798 min/week MET values. Subgroup scores of WHQOL-BREF-TR (physical, psychological, social, environmental, national environment, general life quality and health) were found to be higher in competitive cyclists than others (recreational cyclists and sedentary adults). In addition, the values of competitive and amateur cyclists in the physical health level parameters were higher than the control group. Competitive cyclists had higher scores for psychological, social health and general life quality subgroups than others (p<0.05). Conclusion: The present study showed that if physical activity level increases, general health status and life quality increase. As a result of the study, it was found that moderate-intensity aerobic exercise (2600-4800 MET-min/week energy expenditure) between 7-13 hours a week supports the protection of general health and has positive effects on life quality. There is a need for future research to determine different exercise types, intensity, frequency and their effects on the general health status and life quality.

scholarly journals Does Regular Exercise Counter T Cell Immunosenescence Reducing the Risk of Developing Cancer and Promoting Successful Treatment of Malignancies?

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
James E. Turner ◽  
Patricia C. Brum
Keyword(s):  
Exercise Training ◽  
Aerobic Exercise ◽  
Immune Function ◽  
Immune Surveillance ◽  
Aerobic Exercise Training ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Active Lifestyle ◽  
Vaccine Responses ◽  
Active Lifestyles ◽  
Exercise Induced

Moderate intensity aerobic exercise training or regular physical activity is beneficial for immune function. For example, some evidence shows that individuals with an active lifestyle exhibit stronger immune responses to vaccination compared to those who are inactive. Encouragingly, poor vaccine responses, which are characteristic of an ageing immune system, can be improved by single or repeated bouts of exercise. In addition, exercise-induced lymphocytosis, and the subsequent lymphocytopenia, is thought to facilitate immune surveillance, whereby lymphocytes search tissues for antigens derived from viruses, bacteria, or malignant transformation. Aerobic exercise training is anti-inflammatory and is linked to lower morbidity and mortality from diseases with infectious, immunological, and inflammatory aetiologies, including cancer. These observations have led to the view that aerobic exercise training might counter the age-associated decline in immune function, referred to as immunosenescence. This article summarises the aspects of immune function that are sensitive to exercise-induced change, highlighting the observations which have stimulated the idea that aerobic exercise training could prevent, limit, or delay immunosenescence, perhaps even restoring aged immune profiles. These potential exercise-induced anti-immunosenescence effects might contribute to the mechanisms by which active lifestyles reduce the risk of developing cancer and perhaps benefit patients undergoing cancer therapy.

scholarly journals Health benefits of aerobic exercise: known mechanisms and research potential

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (5) ◽  
pp. 2878
Author(s):  
Yu. L. Begrambekova ◽  
Ya. A. Orlova
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Aerobic Exercise ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Noncommunicable Diseases ◽  
Pubmed Central ◽  
Adaptive Processes ◽  
Metabolic Performance ◽  
Exercise Induced ◽  
Cardiorespiratory Endurance

The pandemic of noncommunicable diseases, which is currently one of the main threats to health and well-being of mankind, makes us look for ways to prevent their development early. Low cardiorespiratory endurance due to a sedentary lifestyle is associated with high cardiovascular risk, all-cause and cancer mortality. Skeletal muscles are the most important secretory organ and is characterized by outstanding metabolic performance and endurance. Exercise-induced low-dose stress contributes to mitochondrial biogenesis and remodeling of not only the muscular system, but also other systems involved in maintaining muscle activity, including regulating glucose and fat metabolism, maintaining immunity, and stimulating angiogenesis. These and other effects of physical activity are implements through the myokine system discovered in recent years. Shutting off the paracrine, exocrine and endocrine functions of muscles cannot be replenished in any other way and leads to disruption of vital adaptive processes. This review describes currently available evidence of unique role of aerobic physical activity in maintaining the human health, as well as to define the chain of pathological reactions during physical inactivity. The search was carried out in the Medline and PubMed Central databases for the keywords: cardiorespiratory endurance, non-communicable diseases, maximum oxygen consumption, myokines, interleukin-6, aerobic exercise.

scholarly journals Walking Cadence to Exercise at Moderate Intensity for Adults: A Systematic Review

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Slaght ◽  
M. Sénéchal ◽  
T. J. Hrubeniuk ◽  
A. Mayo ◽  
D. R. Bouchard
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Leisure Activity ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Physical Activity Guidelines ◽  
Aerobic Activity ◽  
Physical Activity Levels

Background. Most adults choose walking as a leisure activity. However, many do not reach the international physical activity guidelines for adults, which recommend moderate intensity aerobic activity for at least 150 minutes/week in bouts of 10 minutes. Purpose. This systematic review provides an update on the walking cadence required to reach moderate intensity in adults and older adults, identifies variables associated with reaching moderate intensity, and evaluates how walking cadence intensity should be measured, but the main purpose is to report the interventions that have been attempted to prescribe walking cadence to increase time spent at moderate intensity or other outcomes for adults and older adults. Methods. SportDISCUS, Scopus, and PubMed databases were searched. We identified 3,917 articles and 31 were retained for this systematic review. Only articles written in English were included. Results. In general, 100 steps/minute is prescribed for adults to achieve moderate intensity, but older adults may require a higher cadence. Currently, few studies have explored using walking cadence prescription as an intervention to increase physical activity levels. Conclusion. Prescribing walking cadence as a way to increase physical activity levels has potential as a practical and useful strategy, but more evidence is required to assess its ability to increase physical activity levels at moderate intensity.

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