scholarly journals A Literature Review of Retailing Sector and Business Retailing Types

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
MSc. Kujtim Hameli
Keyword(s):  
Direct Marketing ◽  
Retail Sector ◽  
Shopping Centers ◽  
Department Stores ◽  
Shopping Malls ◽  
Chain Stores ◽  
Vending Machines ◽  
Discount Stores ◽  
Different Characteristics ◽  
Final Consumer

retail sector probably is the most important sector of economy because it has to do directly with consumer. It includes all stores, from kiosks and small groceries to supermarket chains and shopping malls that sell products and services to final consumer for personal and household use. The aim of this paper is to make an investigation of retail sector and its business type. To gather the data, second resources has been used. A deeply scanning of literature has been performed. According to the investigation, the retailing sector generally is organized in two main groups: the retailing within the store and retailing out of the store.Retailing within the store is classified according to different characteristics, but the most important types of classification are those based on the form of the ownership, merchandise and price. According to the ownership-based classification, the most important types are independent stores, chain stores, franchising and leased department stores. According to the merchandise-based classification the most important types of retailing are department stores, supermarkets, specialty stores, convenient stores, superstores and retailer services. According to the price-based classification, the most important types of retailing are discount stores, factory outlets, category killers, off-price stores, warehouse clubs and hypermarkets. According to the place-based classification the most important type of retailing are shopping centers. The most important types of retailing out of the store are direct selling, direct marketing and automatic vending machines selling.

scholarly journals IMPACT OF CUSTOMER COMPLAINING BEHAVIOUR ON DEFECTION BEHAVIOUR: AN INVESTIGATION ON RETAIL FORMATS IN INDIA

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (12) ◽  
pp. 214-225
Author(s):  
Pankaj Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Marital Status ◽  
Income Level ◽  
Retail Stores ◽  
Department Stores ◽  
Shopping Malls ◽  
Forward Selection ◽  
Discount Stores ◽  
Retail Formats ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

The purpose of the study is to examine the effect of complaining behaviour on defection behaviour based on demographics (gender, age, marital status, education and, income level) of the dissatisfied customers of retail stores. A structured questionnaire was successfully distributed to 600 respondents, who had made purchases from sixty retail formats operated in Delhi and Gurugram belonging to the domain of Shopping Malls, Hypermarket, Supermarket, Department Stores, Discount stores and Category Killers through systematic stratified sampling for the collection of data. Out of 377 valid ones questionnaires for analysis, a set of 89 responsents have shown dissatisfaction about the retail store products and services and have taken in this study (N=89). Multiple regression analysis with forward selection was employed to predict the effect of complaining actions on defection behaviour based on demographics (gender, age, marital status, education and, income level) of the dissatisfied customers of retail stores. The study has found a significant effect of complaining actions on defection behaviour of dissatisfied customers of retail stores based on their education qualification and income level. However, gender, age and maritial status of dissatisfied customers did not moderate the the relationship between complaining actions and switching behaviour. The recommendations for managers are also discussed.

scholarly journals EFFECT OF CUSTOMERS’ DEMOGRAPHICS ON RETAIL FORMAT CHOICE AND INTERACTION: A STUDY ON RETAIL SECTOR IN INDIA

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 316-331
Author(s):  
Pankaj Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Marital Status ◽  
Shopping Mall ◽  
Retail Sector ◽  
Department Stores ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Gender And Age ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Discount Stores ◽  
Retail Format ◽  
Retail Formats

The purpose of the study is to examine how often customers interact with different types of retail formats. A structured questionnaire was successfully distributed to 600 respondents, who had made purchases from sixty retail formats operated in Delhi and Gurugram belonging to the domain of Shopping Malls, Hypermarket, Supermarket, Department Stores, Discount stores and Category Killers through systematic stratified sampling for the collection of data. To segment the customer groups for each of the four retail formats (shopping mall, supermarket, department store, and category killer) based on demographic variables (gender, age, marital status, occupation, and income), a two-way ANOVA was used on the shopping frequency of the respondents. The Chi-square (χ2) test was also used to test the significant differences in shopping motives, companion during their visit, whether a planned or unplanned shopping trip, the staying time in a retail format of the respondents based on their gender and age. The study found that gender and age, gender and occupation, and gender and education are more or less equally important factors, whereas gender and marital status, and gender and income were not found important factors in affecting store visits. The study also found the behavioral aspect of retail customers in many ways. First, their visits to the stores were primarily driven by purchase needs, either window shopping or making actual purchases followed by eating. Second, more people prefer to visit these stores along with their friends or family; this result contributes to that being accompanied by others (Companion), shoppers more likely to buy food and less likely to buy non-food products.

scholarly journals Sustainability, Store Equity, and Satisfaction: The Moderating Effect of Gender in Retailing

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 1010
Author(s):  
Antonio Marín-García ◽  
Irene Gil-Saura ◽  
María Eugenia Ruiz-Molina ◽  
Gloria Berenguer-Contrí
Keyword(s):  
Brand Equity ◽  
Consumer Satisfaction ◽  
Business Models ◽  
Moderating Effect ◽  
Mediating Effect ◽  
Retail Sector ◽  
Competitive Advantages ◽  
Sustainable Business ◽  
Sustainable Business Models ◽  
Discount Stores

Currently, sustainability emerges as a key element on which the development of competitive advantages for businesses is based. In the dynamic and turbulent environment in which retail companies operate, sustainable practices are posited as an opportunity for their progress and survival. Through this article, it is intended to advance the nature and dimensions of this construct and examine its influence on store equity and consumer satisfaction. Furthermore, this work analyses the moderating effect of gender on these variables and the mediating nature of brand equity in the development of consumer satisfaction. All this is developed through a quantitative study carried out on a sample of 510 consumers of different food retail commercial formats (hypermarkets, supermarkets, and discount stores) in Spain. The technique used for data analysis is partial least squares (PLS) regression. The results show the importance of sustainability and brand equity in the development of consumer satisfaction in the retail sector, with the intensity of its effects being a gender issue. On the other hand, brand equity is positioned as a key element thanks to its mediating effect between sustainability and satisfaction. All of this points to the need to move towards more sustainable business models.

scholarly journals Research on Smart Shopping Cart

2020 ◽  
pp. 359-363
Author(s):  
Roopa C ◽  
Nivas Chandra Reddy
Keyword(s):  
Rfid Tags ◽  
Similar Data ◽  
Shopping Centers ◽  
Digital Display ◽  
Shopping Malls ◽  
Shopping Cart ◽  
Rfid Reader ◽  
Metropolitan Cities ◽  
The Absolute

<p>In metropolitan cities, we will see an enormous rush at shopping malls on holidays and weekends. This becomes, even more, once there are large offers and discounts. Currently folks purchase a spread of things and place them within the trolley, after buying one ought to approach the counter for billing. By employing a barcode reader the cashier prepares the bill that may be a time overwhelming method. This ends up in long queues at the billing counters. This project presents a plan to build up a framework in shopping centers to beat the above issue. To realize this all merchandise within the mall to be equipped with RFID tags and every one trolley should be equipped with an RFID reader and digital display screen. When one puts any item in the trolley its code will be distinguished naturally, the item name and cost will be shown on the LCD, in this manner the expense gets added to the absolute bill. On the off chance that we wish to expel the item from the trolley, you can remove the item and the measure of that particular item gets deducted from the aggregate sum and a similar data goes to the central billing unit through ZigBee module. Subsequently the billing should be possible in the trolley itself accordingly sparing a ton of time to the clients.</p>

Mainstreaming the Asian Mall

Trespassers? ◽  
2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Willow S. Lung-Amam
Keyword(s):  
Social Networks ◽  
Middle Class ◽  
Asian American ◽  
Sense Of Place ◽  
Shopping Centers ◽  
Shopping Malls ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Projected Image ◽  
Asian Diaspora ◽  
And Control

This chapter investigates Asian American-oriented shopping centers. It shows that these malls are central in the lives of Asian American suburbanites. For many, the malls serve their practical needs, support vital social networks, and foster their sense of place, community, and connection to the larger Asian diaspora. But these vibrant pseudopublic spaces are also deeply contested. In Fremont, many non-Asian American residents, policy makers, and planners have charged that these malls are socially exclusionary and questioned their deviance in form and norm from the conventions of suburban retail. The chapter shows how these debates have framed ethnic shopping malls as “problem spaces” that required greater regulation and scrutiny. Yet planners and city officials have also used their power to regulate and control these shopping centers to promote particular visions of multiculturalism that are more aligned with their projected image of a middle-class suburb.

Toward Wal-Mart

2019 ◽  
pp. 183-224
Author(s):  
Traci Parker
Keyword(s):  
Civil Rights ◽  
Public Transportation ◽  
Private Property ◽  
Black Workers ◽  
Shopping Centers ◽  
Department Stores ◽  
White Middle Class ◽  
Urban Decay ◽  
The Status ◽  
Discount Retailers

The book concludes with an examination of the relocation of department stores to suburban shopping centers and the Sears, Roebuck, and Company affirmative action cases. Mass suburbanization, the rise of discount retailers such as Kmart and Wal-Mart, and urban decay transformed department stores. Black workers found that the gains they had made in downtown department stores had virtually disappeared as department stores followed their preferred clientele—the white middle class—to the suburbs. Here, stores were able to return to their former racial practices in spaces that were inaccessible via public transportation, deemed private property, and prohibited civil rights demonstrations. The Sears cases thus reveal the ways that the department store movement modified its tactics, approaches, and strategies. These cases also exposed the industry’s ongoing transformations, ones that revolutionized, or rather diminished, the status of retail work and department stores, and facilitated the reconsolidation of racial discrimination.

Chile retail will struggle as COVID-19 hastens change

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Real Estate ◽  
Business Model ◽  
Domestic Demand ◽  
Retail Sector ◽  
Shopping Malls ◽  
Social Unrest ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Social ◽  
Consumer Habits ◽  
Real Estate Assets

Significance Chile’s retail sector is reeling from the successive impacts of the social unrest that erupted in late 2019 and, since March, the COVID-19 pandemic, which has also affected the operations of its larger players in other countries. Even before these two events, the industry was struggling to adapt its business model to changing consumer habits. Impacts Even if domestic demand increases by 7.7% in 2021, as the Central Bank anticipates, it will remain well below its level in mid-2019. Retail is among the sectors where most jobs have been lost during the pandemic, affecting women in particular. Shopping malls may emerge as especially vulnerable to a likely reduction in the return on retail real estate assets.

scholarly journals Sign Consumption in the 19th-Century Department Store

2003 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 353-371 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ken W. Parker
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Department Store ◽  
Department Stores ◽  
Shopping Malls ◽  
Symbolic Consumption ◽  
Exchange Value ◽  
Visual Merchandising ◽  
The 19Th Century

The department stores of the 19th century continue to fascinate social theorists. This article will expand on the work of two such theorists, Laermans and Featherstone. Extending Laermans’ and Featherstone’s analysis, and applying the early work of Baudrillard, this article will assert that through the manipulation of visual merchandising, the 19th-century department store’s managers constructed a world of sign-consumption where goods were not only consumed for their use- or exchange-value, but also were consumed as signs of luxury, exoticism and excess. By asserting that highly developed forms of sign-consumption existed in the 19th century, this article challenges the view that symbolic consumption in spaces such as shopping malls is particular to the contemporary or postmodern age.

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