scholarly journals Mefenamic Acid Selective Membranes Sensor and Its Application to pharmaceutical Analysis

2016 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 829-837
Author(s):  
Baghdad Science Journal
Keyword(s):  
Mefenamic Acid ◽  
Limit Of Detection ◽  
Ion Pairs ◽  
Pharmaceutical Preparations ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Ion Association ◽  
Pvc Membrane ◽  
Selective Determination ◽  
Ph Range

PVC membrane sensor for the selective determination of Mefenamic acid (MFA) was constructed. The sensor is based on ion association of MFA with Dodecaphospho molybdic acid (PMA) and Dodeca–Tungstophosphoric acid(PTA) as ion pairs. Nitro benzene (NB) and di-butyl phthalate (DBPH) were used as plasticizing agents in PVC matrix membranes. The specification of sensor based on PMA showed a linear response of a concentration range 1.0 × 10–2 –1.0 × 10–5 M, Nernstian slopes of 17.1-18.86 mV/ decade, detection limit of 7 × 10-5 -9.5 × 10 -7M, pH range 3 – 8 , with correlation coefficients lying between 0.9992 and 0.9976, respectively. By using the ionphore based on PTA gives a concentration range of 1.0 × 10–4 –1.0 × 10–5 M, Nernstian slope of 17.18-18.4 mV/ decade, limit of detection 8.0 × 10–6-9.3 × 10-5M,pH range 3 – 8 and correlation coefficients range between 0.9984 and 0.9891, respectively. The measurement interferences in the presence of Li+, Na+, Mg2+ Ca2+, Fe3+and Al3+ were studied using separate and match potential methods for selectivity coefficient determination. The method was applied for the determination of Mefenamic Acid in pharmaceutical preparations

scholarly journals Membrane Sensors for the Selective Determination of Donepezil Hydrochloride

2010 ◽  
Vol 93 (2) ◽  
pp. 549-555 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gamal Abdel Hafiz Mostafa ◽  
Mohamed Hefnawy ◽  
Abdulrahman Al-Majed
Keyword(s):  
Direct Determination ◽  
Pharmaceutical Preparations ◽  
Ion Association ◽  
Phosphomolybdic Acid ◽  
Hplc Method ◽  
Pvc Membrane ◽  
Selective Determination ◽  
Response Characteristics ◽  
Sodium Tetraphenyl Borate

Abstract The construction and electrochemical response characteristics of polyvinylchloride (PVC) membrane sensors for donepezil HCl (DP) are described. The sensing membranes incorporated ion-association complexes of DP cation and sodium tetraphenyl borate (sensor 1), phosphomolybdic acid (sensor 2), or phosphotungstic acid (sensor 3) as electroactive materials. The sensors displayed a fast, stable, and near-Nernstian response over a relatively wide DP concentration range (1 102 to 1 106 M), with cationic slopes of 53.0, 54.0, and 51.0 mV/ concentration decade over a pH range of 4.0 to 8.0. The sensors showed good discrimination of DP from several inorganic and organic compounds. The direct determination of 2.54000.0 g/mL DP showed average recoveries of 99.0, 99.5, and 98.5, and mean RSDs of 1.6, 1.5, and 1.7 at 100.0 g/mL for sensors 1, 2, and 3, respectively. The proposed sensors have been applied for direct determination of DP in two pharmaceutical preparations. The results obtained for determination of DP in tablets using the proposed sensors compared favorably with those obtained using an HPLC method. The sensors have been used as indicator electrodes for potentiometric titration of DP.

Novel palladium(II) selective membrane electrode based on 4-[(5-mercapto-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-ylimino)methyl]benzene-1,3-diol

2010 ◽  
Vol 75 (5) ◽  
pp. 563-575 ◽  
Author(s):  
Moslem Mohammadi ◽  
Mehdi Khodadadian ◽  
Mohammad K. Rofouei
Keyword(s):  
Limit Of Detection ◽  
Membrane Electrode ◽  
Aqueous Samples ◽  
Selective Determination ◽  
Poly Vinyl Chloride ◽  
Selective Membrane ◽  
Ph Range ◽  
Palladium Content ◽  
Methyl Benzene

A plasticized poly(vinyl chloride) membrane electrode based on 4-[(5-mercapto-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-ylimino)methyl]benzene-1,3-diol (L) for highly selective determination of palladium(II) (in PdCl42– form) is developed. The electrode showed a good Nernstian response (29.6 ± 0.4 mV per decade) over a wide concentration range (3.1 × 10–7 to 1.0 × 10–2 mol l–1). The limit of detection was 1.5 × 10–7 mol l–1. The electrode has a response time of about 20 s, and it can be used for at least 2 months without observing any considerable deviation from Nernstian response. The proposed electrode could be used in the pH range of 2.5–5.5. The practical utility of the electrode has been demonstrated by its use for the estimation of palladium content in aqueous samples.

scholarly journals Spectrophotometric determination of Phenylephrine hydrochloride and Salbutamol sulphate drugs in pharmaceutical preparations using diazotized Metoclopramide hydrochloride

2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 167-177 ◽  
Author(s):  
Baghdad Science Journal
Keyword(s):  
Limit Of Detection ◽  
Pharmaceutical Preparations ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Limit Of Quantification ◽  
Pharmaceutical Dosage Forms ◽  
Salbutamol Sulphate ◽  
Phenylephrine Hydrochloride ◽  
Relative Standard ◽  
Metoclopramide Hydrochloride

A spectrophotometric method has been proposed for the determination of two drugs containing phenol group [phenylephrine hydrochloride (PHP) and salbutamol sulphate (SLB)] in pharmaceutical dosage forms. The method is based on the diazotization reaction of metoclopramide hydrochloride (MCP) and coupling of the diazotized reagent with drugs in alkaline medium to give intense orange colored product (?max at 470 nm for each of PHP and SLB). Variable parameters such as temperature, reaction time and concentration of the reactants have been analyzed and optimized. Under the proposed optimum condition, Beer’s law was obeyed in the concentration range of 1-32 and 1-14 ?g mL-1 for PHP and SLB, respectively. The limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantification (LOQ) for each of PHP and SLB were 0.60, 0.52 ?g mL-1 and 2.02, 1.72 ?g mL-1, respectively. No interference was observed from common excipients present in pharmaceutical preparations. The good correlation coefficients and low relative standard deviation assert the applicability of this method. The suggested method was further applied for the determinations of drugs in commercial pharmaceutical preparations, which was compared statistically with reference methods by means of t- test and F- test and were found not to differ significantly at 95% confidence level. The procedure was characterized by its simplicity with accuracy and precision.

scholarly journals Development of membrane electrodes for selective determination of lisinopril in pharmaceuticals

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nagaraju Rajendraprasad ◽  
Kanakapura Basavaiah
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Inhibitor ◽  
Limit Of Detection ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Ion Pairs ◽  
Standard Addition ◽  
Phosphomolybdic Acid ◽  
Selective Determination ◽  
Accuracy And Precision ◽  
Selective Membrane

Abstract Background Lisinopril (LNP) is an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor used as anti-hypertensive, cardiovascular, in anti-prophylactic and anti-diabetic nephropathy drug. Development of two new, simple, low cost, and selective membrane-based ion-selective electrodes has been proposed for the determination of LNP in pharmaceuticals. Methods The electrodes are based on poly(vinyl)chloride membrane doped with LNP-phosphotungstic acid (LNP-PTA) and LNP-phosphomolybdic acid (LNP-PMA) ion-pairs as molecular recognition materials. Results The developed LNP-PTA and LNP-PMA electrodes are applicable for the determination of LNP over the linear range of 5 × 10−5–2.4 × 10−3 mol l−1. The working pH ranges to measure potentials were 2.5 to 6.4 and 2.3 to 6.0 for LNP-PTA and LNP-PMA ISEs, respectively. The electrodes displayed the rapid Nernstian responses as revealed by the values of slopes 55.06 and 52.39 mV/decade, with limit of detection (LOD) values of 1.2 × 10−5 and 1.18 × 10−5 mol l−1 for LNP-PTA and LNP-PMA electrodes, respectively. The limits of quantitation (LOQ) values have also been calculated for both the electrodes. The developed electrodes have potential stability for up to 1 month and emerged as highly selective for the determination of LNP over other spiked ions and compounds. Conclusions The proposed electrodes have been validated and found that they are suitable for the determination of LNP in pharmaceuticals in pure form and in dosage forms. The results obtained in the analysis of LNP using proposed electrodes have been compared statistically with reference method’s results to assess the accuracy and precision. Robustness and ruggedness of the developed electrodes have also been checked and found satisfactory. The recovery studies have been performed by standard addition procedure to assess the role of excipients in tablets containing LNP and the results obtained are satisfactory.

scholarly journals Simple and extraction-free spectrophotometric methods for risperidone in pure form and in dosage forms

2013 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 121-128 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hemavathi Deepakumari ◽  
Shiramahally Mallegowda ◽  
Kanakapura Vinay ◽  
Hosakere Revanasiddappa
Keyword(s):  
Limit Of Detection ◽  
Ion Pairs ◽  
Pharmaceutical Preparations ◽  
Reference Method ◽  
Standard Addition ◽  
Bromophenol Blue ◽  
Phenol Red ◽  
Spectrophotometric Methods ◽  
Accuracy And Precision

Two simple, sensitive and extraction-free spectrophotometric methods are described for the estimation of risperidone (RSP) in both pure and in pharmaceutical preparations. The proposed methods are based on the formation of ion-pair complex between RSP and the dyes, bromophenol blue (BPB) in method A and Phenol red (PR) in method B at room temperature to form yellow colored products which show maximum absorbance at 410 and at 400 nm in methods A and B, respectively. Beer's law was obeyed in the concentration range of 0.5-10 and 0.5-25 ?g mL-1 in methods A and B with apparent molar absorptivities of 3.43 ? 104 and 0.85 ? 104 L moL-1 cm-1, respectively. The limit of detection for method A is found to be 0.0056 and for method B is 0.132 ?g mL-1. The composition of the ion-pairs was established by Job?s method and it was found to be 1:1 for both the methods A and B. The proposed methods have been applied successfully to the determination of RSP in pharmaceutical preparations. The results were statistically compared with those of a reference method by applying the Student?s t-test and F-test. The methods developed were validated for accuracy and precision by performing recovery experiments via standard addition technique.

scholarly journals PVC-Membrane Potentiometric Electrochemical Sensor Based on 2-(4-Oxopentan-2-ylideneamino)isoindoline-1,3-dione for Selective Determination of Holmium(III)

2011 ◽  
Vol 8 (s1) ◽  
pp. S97-S104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hassan Ali Zamani
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal Ions ◽  
Alkaline Earth ◽  
Fast Response ◽  
Pvc Membrane ◽  
Indicator Electrode ◽  
Selective Determination ◽  
Nernstian Slope ◽  
Neutral Ionophore ◽  
Ph Range

2-(4-Oxopentan-2-ylideneamino) isoindoline-1,3-dione (OID) was found to be a suitable neutral ionophore in the fabrication of a highly selective Ho3+membrane sensor. The electrode has a near-Nernstian slope of 19.6±0.5 mV per decade with a wide concentration range between 1.0×10-6and 1.0×10-2mol/L in the pH range of 3.5–8.8, having a fast response time (∼5 s) and a detection limit of 5.8×10-7mol/L. This electrode presented very good selectivity and sensitivity towards the Ho3+ions over a wide variety of cations, including alkali, alkaline earth, transition and heavy metal ions. The practical utility of the electrode has been demonstrated by its use as an indicator electrode for the potentiometric titration of a Ho3+solution with EDTA and for the determination of Ho3+ions concentration in mixtures of two and three different ions.

scholarly journals Fabrication and evaluation of potentiometric sensors of an anticancer drug (Gemcitabine)

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iyad Darweesh Al-Kashef ◽  
Salman Mostafa Saadeh ◽  
Khalid Ibrahim Abed Almonem ◽  
Nasser Mohammed Abu Ghalwa ◽  
Hazem Mohammed Abu Shawish
Keyword(s):  
Anticancer Drug ◽  
Limit Of Detection ◽  
Inorganic Ions ◽  
Potentiometric Sensors ◽  
Pvc Membrane ◽  
Carbon Paste ◽  
Curve Method ◽  
Nernstian Slope ◽  
Ph Range

Accurate, rapid and inexpensive determination of gemcitabine, an anticancer drug, is of high interest. This manuscript describes the use of potentiometric sensors as a basis for this work given their known attractive characteristics that meet our needs. Potentiometric sensors were comprised of carbon paste S1, coated wire S2 and PVC membrane S3, of gemcitabine (an anticancer drug) were fabricated, studied and evaluated. The calibration plots for these electrodes showed a Nernstian slope of 58.4±0.3, 59.5±0.3 and 58.3±0.3 mV per decade with the limit of detection: 6.50×10-5, 7.20×10-5 and 4.60×10-5 for sensors S1, S2 and S3, respectively. The electrodes have a short and stable response time of ~5 seconds and good reproducibility in a pH range of 2.5-9.5. The present sensors show distinct selectivity toward the drug ion in comparison to several inorganic ions, sugars, amino acids and some common drug excipients. Gemcitabine was determined successfully in ampoules and urine using these sensors by the calibration curve method.

scholarly journals Ionophore-based potentiometric PVC membrane sensors for determination of phenobarbitone in pharmaceutical formulations

2016 ◽  
Vol 66 (4) ◽  
pp. 503-514 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haitham Alrabiah ◽  
Abdulrahman Al-Majed ◽  
Mohammed Abounassif ◽  
Gamal A.E. Mostafa
Keyword(s):  
Limit Of Detection ◽  
Pharmaceutical Formulations ◽  
Dioctyl Phthalate ◽  
Pvc Membrane ◽  
Relative Standard ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Ph Range ◽  
Foreign Species ◽  
Good Agreement

Abstract The fabrication and development of two polyvinyl chloride (PVC) membrane sensors for assaying phenobarbitone sodium are described. Sensors 1 and 2 were fabricated utilizing β- or γ-cyclodextrin as ionophore in the presence of tridodecylmethylammonium chloride as a membrane additive, and PVC and dioctyl phthalate as plasticizer. The analytical parameters of both sensors were evaluated according to the IUPAC guidelines. The proposed sensors showed rapid, stable anionic response (-59.1 and -62.0 mV per decade) over a relatively wide phenobarbitone concentration range (5.0 × 10-6-1 × 10-2 and 8 × 10-6-1 × 10-2 mol L-1) in the pH range of 9-11. The limit of detection was 3.5 × 10-6 and 7.0 × 10-6 mol L-1 for sensors 1 and 2, respectively. The fabricated sensors showed high selectivity for phenobarbitone over the investigated foreign species. An average recovery of 2.54 μg mL-1 phenobarbitone sodium was 97.4 and 101.1 %, while the mean relative standard deviation was 3.0 and 2.1 %, for sensors 1 and 2, respectively. The results acquired for determination of phenobarbitone in its dosage forms utilizing the proposed sensors are in good agreement with those obtained by the British Pharmacopoeial method.

scholarly journals Development and Validation of Spectrophotometric Methods for the Determination of Rasagiline in Pharmaceutical Preparations

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Serife Evrim Kepekci Tekkeli ◽  
Armağan Önal ◽  
Fatemeh Bahadori
Keyword(s):  
Limit Of Detection ◽  
Pharmaceutical Preparations ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Dosage Forms ◽  
Chloranilic Acid ◽  
Spectrophotometric Methods ◽  
H Nmr ◽  
Limit Of Quantitation ◽  
Development And Validation

This study presents three simple, rapid, and accurate spectrophotometric methods for the determination of Rasagiline (RSG) in pharmaceutical preparations. The determination procedures depend on the reaction of RSG with chloranilic acid for method A, tetrachloro-1,4-benzoquinone for method B, and 7,7,8,8-tetracyanoquinodimethane for method C. The colored products were quantitated spectrophotometrically at 524, 535, and 843 nm for methods A, B, and C, respectively. Different variables affecting the reaction were optimized. Linearity ranges of the methods with good correlation coefficients (0.9988–0.9996) were observed as 25–300 µg mL−1, 25–350 µg mL−1, and 50–500 µg mL−1for methods A, B, and C, respectively. The formation of products takes place through different mechanisms. The sites of interaction were confirmed by elemental analysis using IR and1H-NMR spectroscopy. The validation of the methods was carried out in terms of specificity, linearity, accuracy, precision, robustness, limit of detection, and limit of quantitation. No interference was observed from concomitants usually present in dosage forms. The methods were applied successfully to the determination of RSG in pharmaceutical preparations.

Extractive Spectrophotometric Methods for Determination of Chlorpheniramine Maleate in Pure Form, Pharmaceutical Preparations and Biological Fluids

2017 ◽  
Vol 75 ◽  
pp. 11-24
Author(s):  
Marwa El Badry Mohamed ◽  
Eman Y.Z. Frag ◽  
Hana A. El-Boraey ◽  
Safa S. El-Sanafery
Keyword(s):  
Blood Serum ◽  
Limit Of Detection ◽  
Biological Fluids ◽  
Ion Pairs ◽  
Pharmaceutical Preparations ◽  
Pure Form ◽  
Stoichiometric Ratio ◽  
Bromocresol Purple ◽  
Chlorpheniramine Maleate

In this study a simple, rapid and sensitive spectrophotometric method was developed for the determination of an antihistaminic drug chlorpheniramine maleate (CPM) in pure form, pharmaceutical preparations, spiked humane urine and spiked blood serum. This method was based on the formation of ion-pairs between the basic nitrogen of the CPM drug and four chromogenic reagents namely bromocresol purple (BCP), alizarine Red S (ARS), eriochrome cyanine R (ECR), and cresol red (CR). The extracted colored ion-pairs were measured spectrophotometrically at 390, 425, 503 and 408 nm for BCP, ARS, ECR and CR reagents, respectively. The different parameters that affect the color development between CPM drug and dyestuff reagents were extensively studied to determine the optimal conditions for the assay procedure. The reaction was studied as a function of the volume of reagents, nature of solvent, temperature, reaction time and stoichiometric ratio between the CPM drug and the reagents. Beer’s law was valid over the concentration ranges of 1-30, 1-10, 2-120 and 4-120 μg mL-1 of CPM drug using BCP, ARS, ECR and CR reagents, respectively. The Sandell sensitivity, molar absorptivity, limit of detection and limit of quantification were determined. Applications of the proposed procedure to the analysis of the pharmaceutical preparations, spiked humane urine and spiked blood serum gave reproducible and accurate results without any interference from excipients. The results obtained by the proposed method were in good agreement with those obtained by reported method. The method can be suggested for the routine analysis of the cited drug.

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