scholarly journals The Effect of Alcoholic and Aqueous Extract of Piper nigrum on the Larvae of Culex pipiens molestus Forskal (Diptera:Culicidae)

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 0028
Author(s):  
Aulfat T. Yaseen
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Culex Pipiens ◽  
Adult Life ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Piper Nigrum ◽  
The Third ◽  
Significant Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Ethanolic Extracts ◽  
Growth Development ◽  
Culex Pipiens Molestus

          The present study includes the effect of the ethanolic and aqueous extract of Piper nigrum against the third instar of Culex pipiens molestus (Diptera:Culicidae) in different concentrations: 1, 1.5 ppm of ethanolic extracts of Piper nigrum causing 100% mortality of larvae in the second day of treatment, while the concentrations 5% of aqueous extracts of Piper nigrum caused 100% mortality of larvae in the second day of treatment. The concentration 2.5% caused 100% mortality of larvae after four days of treatment. The current study also detected the effect of 0.1% concentration of Piper nigrum aqueous extract. The effect of this concentration has been studied on the growth of the ovaries and their follicles along a period 96 hours after emergence of adult life. The results of this study has clearly shown that the concentration 0.1% of Piper nigrum aqueous extract gave a highly significant inhibitory effect on the growth development of the ovaries and their follicles.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the efficiency of some predators of aquatic insects as substitutes to disinsect the incomplete of mosquitoes (Culex pipiens molestus ForskalDiptera: Culicidae): تقييم كفاءة بعض المفترسات من الحشرات المائية كبدائل في مكافحة الأطوار غير الكاملة للبعوض (Culex pipiens molestus ForskalDiptera: Culicidae)

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Atallah Fahd Mukhlaf , Zwan Thamer Khudair
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Vector Control ◽  
Aquatic Insects ◽  
Culex Pipiens ◽  
Research Study ◽  
Mosquito Larvae ◽  
Control Programs ◽  
The Third ◽  
Culex Pipiens Molestus

All vector control programs emphasize the use of biological control. Anisops sardea (Notonectidae: Hemiptera) and Orthetrum chrysostigma (Libellulidae: Odonata) were common in freshwater communities in Mosul. They were predators of wing-wing larvae. The effectiveness of predisposition, efficacy of research, Study on predators O. chrysostigma, A. sardea using the incomplete stages of mosquitoes Culex pipiens molestus and Chironomus ninevah in the laboratory. Backbones consumed 9.0, 8.0, 6.7 and 6.7 of the four larval ages respectively and 5.3 virgins within 24 hours while the mantis nestled at the same time 8.7 6.7, 6.3 and 5.3 larvae of the four ages respectively and 3.3 virgins. Both predators preferred the third and fourth stages when faced with all the incomplete stages of the prey. The co-existence and synergy between predators O.chrysostigma and A.sardea increased the effectiveness of predation by 17% together. The number of prey consumed per day increased with increasing density in the predators' Search coefficient for both predators. The Orthetrum chrysostigma preferred the Hamoush larvae to the mosquito larvae while the  Anisops sardea preferred mosquito larvae to the Hamoush  larvae significantly.  

scholarly journals Modes of Inhibition ofα-Amylase andα-Glucosidase by Aqueous Extract ofMorinda lucidaBenth Leaf

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. I. Kazeem ◽  
J. O. Adamson ◽  
I. A. Ogunwande
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Inhibitory Activity ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Glucosidase Inhibitors ◽  
Ethanolic Extracts ◽  
Insulin Secretagogues ◽  
Percentage Yield ◽  
Oral Hypoglycemic Drugs

Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder of glucose metabolism. The management of blood glucose level is the hallmark in the treatment of this disease. This may be achieved through the use of oral hypoglycemic drugs such as biguanides, insulin secretagogues, andα-glucosidase inhibitors. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the inhibitory effect ofMorinda lucidaleaf extracts on the activities ofα-amylase andα-glucosidase. This was performed usingα-amylase fromAspergillus oryzaeandα-glucosidase fromSaccharomyces cerevisiae.Aqueous extract ofMorinda lucidagave the highest percentage yield (9.99%) of the plant out of the three extracts (compared to acetone and ethanolic extracts) and possesses the highest inhibitory activity againstα-amylase (IC50value of 2.30 mg/mL) andα-glucosidase (IC50value of 2.00 mg/mL). Kinetic analysis revealed that the aqueous extract of this plant leaf inhibited theα-amylase competitively but displayed mixed noncompetitive mode of inhibition towardsα-glucosidase. It can be concluded that aqueous extract ofMorinda lucidaexhibited the best inhibitory activity on the two enzymes studied and the presence of phytochemicals like flavonoids, saponins, and tannins may have contributed greatly to the inhibitory activity of the plant extract.

Ethanolic extracts of Borago officinalis L. affect growth, development and energy reserve profile in the mosquito Culex pipiens

2020 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 203
Author(s):  
Chaima Draouet ◽  
Kaouther Hamaidia ◽  
Amira Brakni ◽  
Soumia Boutemedjet ◽  
Noureddine Soltani
Keyword(s):  
Culex Pipiens ◽  
Energy Reserve ◽  
Borago Officinalis ◽  
Ethanolic Extracts ◽  
Growth Development

scholarly journals Comparing the Effects of Ethyl Elcoholic and Aquatic Extracts and Alkaline Compounds of Some Plants on the Bioefficacy of Culex pipiens (Diptera:Culicidae)

2021 ◽  
pp. 3350-3357
Author(s):  
Rabah Hassan Saady ◽  
Abdulrahman Jihad Mansoor
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Culex Pipiens ◽  
Biological Effects ◽  
Larval Instar ◽  
Alcoholic Extract ◽  
Killing Rate ◽  
The Third ◽  
Capparis Spinosa

       The results of the present study show the biological effects of ethyl elcoholic and aquatic extracts as well as alkaloids compounds  of Atriplex helmius and Capparis spinosa  roots. The results demonstrated the superiority of the cold aqueous extract of C. capparis at the highest concentration of 20 mg / ml, as the killing rate was 81.16% for the second  larval instar of Cx. pipiens after 72 hours of exposure. While, the killing rate caused by the same treatment was 79.52% for the third larval instar. The results also showed the superiority of the alcoholic extract against C.  spinosa , as the killing rate reached 98.55% for the second larval instar after 72 hours of treatment at a concentration of 20 mg/ml. As for A. halmius extract, the same treatment caused the lowest killing rate of 89.27% ​​ for the third instar of Cx. pipiens. The study also showed significant effects of the raw alkaline compounds’ extracts of A. halimus  roots on the killing of non-adult instars of Cx. pipiens L. The highest rate of mortality observed was 88.54% at the highest concentration of 20 mg /ml at the second instar. Also, significant effects of raw alkaline compounds’ extracts of C. spinosa roots were observed. The highest mortality was 69.21% at the highest concentration of 20 mg/ml for the third larval instar,                                                         

Potential antidiarrheal agents: 1-(11-Cyano-6,11-dihydrodibenzo[b,e]thiepin-11-yl-alkyl)- and 1-(10-cyano-10,11-dihydrodibenzo[b,f]thiepin-10-yl-alkyl)-4-substituted piperidines

1985 ◽  
Vol 50 (5) ◽  
pp. 1089-1096 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karel Šindelář ◽  
Jan Metyš ◽  
Miroslav Protiva
Keyword(s):  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Substitution Reactions ◽  
Significant Inhibitory Effect

Substitution reactions of 11-(2-bromoethyl)- and 11-(3-bromopropyl)-6,11-dihydrodibenzo[b,e]thiepin-11-carbonitrile and further of 10-(2-bromoethyl)- and 10-(3-bromopropyl)-10,11-dihydrodibenzo[b,f]thiepin-10-carbonitrile with ethyl 4-phenylpiperidine-4-carboxylate, 4-phenylpiperidin-4-ol, 4-(2-tolyl)piperidin-4-ol, 4-(4-fluorophenyl)piperidin-4-ol, 4-(2-oxobenzimidazolin-1-yl)-piperidine and 1-phenyl-1,3,8-triazaspiro[4,5]decan-4-one afforded the tricyclic piperidinoalkyl nitriles IV-XIII which are cyclic analogues of the antidiarrheal agents diphenoxylate (I) and loperamide (III). Out of the compounds prepared only IV and XI showed a significant inhibitory effect towards diarrhea elicited by intravenously administered serotonin in mice.

scholarly journals A novel BRD4 inhibitor suppresses osteoclastogenesis and ovariectomized osteoporosis by blocking RANKL-mediated MAPK and NF-κB pathways

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ying Liu ◽  
Wenjie Liu ◽  
Ziqiang Yu ◽  
Yan Zhang ◽  
Yinghua Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Loss ◽  
Osteoporosis Treatment ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Specific Gene ◽  
Actin Ring ◽  
Treatment Target ◽  
Significant Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Promising Treatment

AbstractBromodomain-containing protein 4 (BRD4) has emerged as a promising treatment target for bone-related disorders. (+)-JQ1, a thienotriazolodiazepine compound, has been shown to inhibit pro-osteoclastic activity in a BRD4-dependent approach and impede bone loss caused by ovariectomy (OVX) in vivo. However, clinical trials of (+)-JQ1 are limited because of its poor druggability. In this study, we synthesized a new (+)-JQ1 derivative differing in structure and chirality. One such derivative, (+)-ND, exhibited higher solubility and excellent inhibitory activity against BRD4 compared with its analogue (+)-JQ1. Interestingly, (-)-JQ1 and (-)-ND exhibited low anti-proliferative activity and had no significant inhibitory effect on RANKL-induced osteoclastogenesis as compared with (+)-JQ1 and (+)-ND, suggesting the importance of chirality in the biological activity of compounds. Among these compounds, (+)-ND displayed the most prominent inhibitory effect on RANKL-induced osteoclastogenesis. Moreover, (+)-ND could inhibit osteoclast-specific gene expression, F‐actin ring generation, and bone resorption in vitro and prevent bone loss in OVX mice. Collectively, these findings indicated that (+)-ND represses RANKL‐stimulated osteoclastogenesis and averts OVX-triggered osteoporosis by suppressing MAPK and NF-κB signalling cascades, suggesting that it may be a prospective candidate for osteoporosis treatment.

scholarly journals Synthesis and Evaluation of Biological Activity of New Arylphosphoramidates

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amal Thebti ◽  
M. A. K. Sanhoury ◽  
H-I. Ouzari ◽  
T. Barhoumi-slimi
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activity ◽  
Ir Spectroscopy ◽  
Acetylcholinesterase Activity ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Significant Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Subsequent Addition

The synthesis of new substituted arylphosphoramidates is performed in two steps through phosphorylation of the corresponding alcohols followed by aminolysis. The formation of the desired phosphoramidates depends on the subsequent addition of the two alcohols with the amine being added at the last step. The products were obtained in 58–95% yields. They were characterized mainly by multinuclear (1H, 13C, 31P, and 19F) NMR and IR spectroscopy. In addition, the antimicrobial and antiacetylcholinesterase activities were evaluated. The results showed acetylcholinesterase activity by some compounds, whilst no significant inhibitory effect against the tested bacterial strains has been recorded.

scholarly journals Motilitas Ascaridia galli Dewasa dalam Larutan Ekstrak Etanol Biji Palem Putri (Veitchia merrillii)

2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 9
Author(s):  
Ummu Balqis ◽  
Darmawi Darmawi ◽  
Maryam Maryam ◽  
Muslina Muslina ◽  
Abdullah Hamzah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
The Body ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Ascaridia Galli ◽  
Fourth Group ◽  
The Third ◽  
Ethanolic Extracts ◽  
Aqueous Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Normal Controls

ABSTRAK. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui motilitas Ascaridia galli dewasa dalam ekstrak etanol biji Veitchia merrillii. Ekstrak etanol V. merrillii dianalisis fitokimia. Sebanyak 16 ekor cacing A. galli dewasa dibagi kedalam empat kelompok. Cacing pada kelompok pertama adalah kelompok tanpa perlakuan. Cacing pada kelompok kedua diberi 0,6 mg/ml levamisole. Cacing pada masing-masing kelompok ketiga dan keempat diberi 50 dan 100 mg/ml crude ekstrak biji V. merrillii. Motilitas A. galli ditentukan dalam skor persentase setelah 12, 24, 36 jam dengan menggunakan kriteria: 3 (badan bergerak), 2 (hanya sebagian badan bergerak), 1 (tidak bergerak tetapi masih hidup), 0 (mati). Hasil fitokimia V. merrillii mengandung alkaloids, saponins, tannins, flavonoids, terpenoids. Ekstrak biji V. merrillii dosis 100 mg/ml secara in vitro dapat mempersingkat selama 12 jam waktu motilitas cacing A. galli dewasa. Penelitian ini mengindikasikan potensi anthelmintik berbasis herbal untuk pengendalian A. galli.  (Motility of Ascaridia galli adult worms in vitro in ethanolic extracts of Nuts Veitchia merrillii) ABSTRACT. The purpose of this research was to know the motility of Ascaridia galli adult worms in aqueous ethanolic extracts of nuts Veitchia merrillii. The ethanolic extract of the V. merrillii was analyzed. Amount of sixteen head A. galli adult worms were divided into four groups. The first group, worms were left as un-treated normal controls. The second group, worms were treated with concentrations of 0,6 mg/ml levamisole. The third and fourth group, worms were treated with crude aqueous ethanolic extract of 50 and 100 mg/ml concentrations nuts of the V. merrillii, respectively. Motility of A. galli were determined after 12, 24, 36 hour by mean of persentage scored using the following criteria: 3 (moving whole body), 2 (moving only parts of the body), 1 (immobile but alive), and 0 (died). The result of phytochemical V. merrillii contains alkaloids, saponins, flavonoids, tannins, and terpenoids. V. merrillii nuts extract concentrations of 100 mg/ml in vitro can shorten the time motility A. galli adult worms for 12 hours. The study indicated the potential for developing herbal-based anthelmintics to control A. galli.

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