scholarly journals Motilitas Ascaridia galli Dewasa dalam Larutan Ekstrak Etanol Biji Palem Putri (Veitchia merrillii)

2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 9
Author(s):  
Ummu Balqis ◽  
Darmawi Darmawi ◽  
Maryam Maryam ◽  
Muslina Muslina ◽  
Abdullah Hamzah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
The Body ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Ascaridia Galli ◽  
Fourth Group ◽  
The Third ◽  
Ethanolic Extracts ◽  
Aqueous Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Normal Controls

ABSTRAK. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui motilitas Ascaridia galli dewasa dalam ekstrak etanol biji Veitchia merrillii. Ekstrak etanol V. merrillii dianalisis fitokimia. Sebanyak 16 ekor cacing A. galli dewasa dibagi kedalam empat kelompok. Cacing pada kelompok pertama adalah kelompok tanpa perlakuan. Cacing pada kelompok kedua diberi 0,6 mg/ml levamisole. Cacing pada masing-masing kelompok ketiga dan keempat diberi 50 dan 100 mg/ml crude ekstrak biji V. merrillii. Motilitas A. galli ditentukan dalam skor persentase setelah 12, 24, 36 jam dengan menggunakan kriteria: 3 (badan bergerak), 2 (hanya sebagian badan bergerak), 1 (tidak bergerak tetapi masih hidup), 0 (mati). Hasil fitokimia V. merrillii mengandung alkaloids, saponins, tannins, flavonoids, terpenoids. Ekstrak biji V. merrillii dosis 100 mg/ml secara in vitro dapat mempersingkat selama 12 jam waktu motilitas cacing A. galli dewasa. Penelitian ini mengindikasikan potensi anthelmintik berbasis herbal untuk pengendalian A. galli.  (Motility of Ascaridia galli adult worms in vitro in ethanolic extracts of Nuts Veitchia merrillii) ABSTRACT. The purpose of this research was to know the motility of Ascaridia galli adult worms in aqueous ethanolic extracts of nuts Veitchia merrillii. The ethanolic extract of the V. merrillii was analyzed. Amount of sixteen head A. galli adult worms were divided into four groups. The first group, worms were left as un-treated normal controls. The second group, worms were treated with concentrations of 0,6 mg/ml levamisole. The third and fourth group, worms were treated with crude aqueous ethanolic extract of 50 and 100 mg/ml concentrations nuts of the V. merrillii, respectively. Motility of A. galli were determined after 12, 24, 36 hour by mean of persentage scored using the following criteria: 3 (moving whole body), 2 (moving only parts of the body), 1 (immobile but alive), and 0 (died). The result of phytochemical V. merrillii contains alkaloids, saponins, flavonoids, tannins, and terpenoids. V. merrillii nuts extract concentrations of 100 mg/ml in vitro can shorten the time motility A. galli adult worms for 12 hours. The study indicated the potential for developing herbal-based anthelmintics to control A. galli.

scholarly journals EFEK EKSTRAK ETANOL BIJI LABU KUNING (CUCURBITA MOSCHATA DUCHESNE) SEBAGAI ANTELMINTIK PADA CACING GELANG (ASCARIDIA GALLI)

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-18
Author(s):  
Noni Zakiah ◽  
Vonna Aulianshah ◽  
T. Maulana Hidayatullah ◽  
Faridah Hanum
Keyword(s):  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
The Body ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
In Vitro Test ◽  
Cucurbita Moschata ◽  
Ascaridia Galli ◽  
Group I ◽  
Pumpkin Seeds

Kegunaan labu kuning di Indonesia masih sebatas daging buah yang dapat diolah menjadi panganan seperti kue basah, kolak dan sayur berkuah. Secara empiris, biji labu kuning telah digunakan untuk mengatasi cacingan. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui mortalitas cacing gelang (Ascaridia galli) dalam ekstrak etanol biji labu kuning (Cucurbita moschata Duchesne). Penelitian ini menggunakan 25 ekor Ascaridia galli yang dibagi menjadi 5 kelompok, kelompok I kontrol negatif menggunakan larutan NaCl fisiologis, kelompok II kontrol positif menggunakan larutan pirantel pamoat 0,5 %, kelompok III, IV dan V berturut-turut menggunakan 25 mg/ml, 50 mg/ml dan 100 mg/ml ekstrak etanol biji labu kuning. Parameter penelitian ini ditentukan dengan melihat persentase nilai skor pasca inkubasi 12 jam, 24 jam, dan 36 jam. Skor 3 diberikan apabila seluruh tubuh Ascaridia galli bergerak, skor 2 diberikan jika hanya sebagian tubuh Ascaridia galli bergerak, skor 1 jika Ascaridia galli diam tetapi masih hidup, dan skor 0 apabila Ascaridia galli mati. Hasil uji in vitro dengan perlakuan 25 mg/ml ekstrak etanol biji labu kuning menyebabkan kematian 3 ekor Ascaridia galli  atau 60% pasca inkubasi 36 jam, sedangkan ekstrak etanol biji labu kuning dengan perlakuan 50 mg/ml, 100 mg/ml dan kelompok kontrol positif mengakibatkan kematian 4 ekor Ascaridia galli atau 80% pasca inkubasi 36 jam. Dari hasil penelitian disimpulkan bahwa ekstrak etanol biji labu kuning (Cucurbita moschata Duchesne) dosis 25 mg/ml, 50 mg/ml, dan 100 mg/ml secara in vitro dalam waktu 36 jam mampu mengakibatkan mortalitas Ascaridia galli. The use of yellow pumpkin in Indonesia is still limited to fruit meat that can be processed into snacks such as soggy cakes, porridge and vegetable soup. This research was conducted to determine the mortality of Ascaridia galli in ethanol extract of yellow pumpkin seeds (Cucurbita moschata Duchesne). This study used 25 Ascaridia galli which were divided into 5 groups, group I was negative control using physiological NaCl solution, group II was positive control using 0.5% pirantel pamoate solution, group III, IV and V respectively used 25 mg / ml, 50 mg/ml and 100 mg/ml ethanol extract of yellow pumpkin seeds. The parameters of this study were determined by looking at the percentage of post-incubation scores 12 hours, 24 hours, and 36 hours. A score of 3 is given if the whole body of Ascaridia galli moves, a score of 2 is given if only part of the body of Ascaridia galli moves, a score of 1 if Ascaridia galli is still but still alive, and a score of 0 if Ascaridia galli dies. In vitro test results with 25 mg/ml ethanol extract of pumpkin seeds caused 3 deaths of Ascaridia galli or 60% after incubation for 36 hours, while ethanol extract of yellow pumpkin seeds treated with 50 mg / ml, 100 mg/ml and positive control group resulting in the death of 4 Ascaridia galli or 80% after 36 hours incubation. From the results of the study concluded that the ethanol extract of yellow pumpkin seeds (Cucurbita moschata Duchesne) doses of 25 mg / ml, 50 mg / ml, and 100 mg / ml in vitro within 36 hours can lead to Ascaridia galli mortality.

A Simple and Inexpensive Clinical Whole Body Counter

1976 ◽  
Vol 15 (05) ◽  
pp. 248-253
Author(s):  
A. K. Basu ◽  
S. K. Guha ◽  
B. N. Tandon ◽  
M. M. Gupta ◽  
M. ML. Rehani
Keyword(s):  
The Body ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Vitro Assay ◽  
Body Counter ◽  
Optimum Parameters ◽  
Whole Body Counter ◽  
Single Detector ◽  
Background Index ◽  
Iodide Crystal

SummaryThe conventional radioisotope scanner has been used as a whole body counter. The background index of the system is 10.9 counts per minute per ml of sodium iodide crystal. The sensitivity and derived sensitivity parameters have been evaluated and found to be suitable for clinical studies. The optimum parameters for a single detector at two positions above the lying subject have been obtained. It has been found that for the case of 131I measurement it is possible to assay a source located at any point in the body with coefficient of variation less than 5%. To add to the versatility, a fixed geometry for in-vitro counting of large samples has been obtained. The retention values obtained by the whole body counter have been found to correlate with those obtained by in-vitro assay of urine and stool after intravenous administration of 51Cr-albumin.

scholarly journals Anticancer effects of the combined Thai noni juice ethanolic extracts and 5-fluorouracil against cholangiocarcinoma cells in vitro and in vivo

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeerati Prompipak ◽  
Thanaset Senawong ◽  
Banchob Sripa ◽  
Albert J. Ketterman ◽  
Suppawit Utaiwat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nude Mice ◽  
Combination Treatment ◽  
Synergistic Effects ◽  
Single Agent ◽  
Xenograft Model ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Model Combination ◽  
Mouse Xenograft Model ◽  
Ethanolic Extracts

AbstractApplication of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) in cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is limited by adverse side effects and chemoresistance. Therefore, the combination therapy of 5-FU with other substances, especially natural products may provide a new strategy for CCA treatment. The aim of this study was to evaluate the combination effects of 5-FU and two ethanolic extracts of Thai noni juice (TNJ) products on CCA cell lines and nude mice xenografts. The results of antiproliferative assay showed the combination treatment of 5-FU and each TNJ ethanolic extract exerted more cytotoxicity on CCA cells than either single agent treatment. Synergistic effects of drug combinations can enable the dose reduction of 5-FU. The mechanism underlying a combination treatment was apoptosis induction through an activation of p53 and Bax proteins. In the nude mouse xenograft model, combination treatments of 5-FU with each TNJ ethanolic extract suppressed the growth of CCA cells implanted mice more than single agent treatments with no effects on mouse body weight, kidney, and spleen. Moreover, low doses of TNJ ethanolic extracts reduced the hepatotoxicity of 5-FU in nude mice. Taken together, these data suggested that the ethanolic extracts of TNJ products can enhance the anti-CCA effect and reduce toxicity of 5-FU.

scholarly journals The Kidney Clock Contributes to Timekeeping by the Master Circadian Clock

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (11) ◽  
pp. 2765 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jihwan Myung ◽  
Mei-Yi Wu ◽  
Chun-Ya Lee ◽  
Amalia Ridla Rahim ◽  
Vuong Hung Truong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Circadian Rhythms ◽  
Sleep Disturbances ◽  
The Body ◽  
Circadian Clocks ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
The Hierarchical Structure ◽  
Body Level ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Master Clock

The kidney harbors one of the strongest circadian clocks in the body. Kidney failure has long been known to cause circadian sleep disturbances. Using an adenine-induced model of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in mice, we probe the possibility that such sleep disturbances originate from aberrant circadian rhythms in kidney. Under the CKD condition, mice developed unstable behavioral circadian rhythms. When observed in isolation in vitro, the pacing of the master clock, the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN), remained uncompromised, while the kidney clock became a less robust circadian oscillator with a longer period. We find this analogous to the silencing of a strong slave clock in the brain, the choroid plexus, which alters the pacing of the SCN. We propose that the kidney also contributes to overall circadian timekeeping at the whole-body level, through bottom-up feedback in the hierarchical structure of the mammalian circadian clocks.

EFFECT OF X IRRADIATION ON THE METABOLISM OF C14-GLUCOSE AND C14-FRUCTOSE IN RAT LIVER SLICES

1959 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 787-792
Author(s):  
P. V. Vittorio ◽  
W. P. Spence ◽  
M. J. Johnston
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Total Radioactivity ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Partition Chromatography ◽  
Liver Slices ◽  
Ethanolic Extracts ◽  
X Irradiation ◽  
Origin Area ◽  
Control Samples

The utilization of C14-glucose and C14-fructose in liver slices from normal rats and from rats exposed to 1000 r of whole-body X irradiation was studied. Liver slices prepared from normal rats were incubated with C14-glucose or C14-fructose in equivalent amounts and the incorporation of C14 into carbon dioxide, glycogen, and an ethanolic extract was determined. After the rats had been fasted 4 or 24 hours the amount of C14 incorporated into glycogen and carbon dioxide from C14-fructose was greater than that incorporated from C14-glucose but the total radioactivity in the ethanolic extracts was approximately the same for both hexoses. When liver slices prepared from normal and X-irradiated rats were incubated with C14-glucose or C14-fructose 4 or 24 hours after irradiation, the samples obtained from irradiated rats incorporated a greater amount of C14 into carbon dioxide, glycogen, and the ethanolic extract, with the exception of the 24-hour samples incubated in the presence of labelled glucose. In the latter instance incorporation into carbon dioxide fell below the normal value. The total C14 recovery from the three fractions was always higher in the X-irradiated samples than in the corresponding control samples. Further examination of the ethanolic extracts (amino acids, lactic acid, and origin area material) separated by paper partition chromatography revealed additional differences between the samples of liver from normal and X-irradiated rats in their ability to incorporate C14 from either labelled hexose. These differences were apparent in samples incubated either 4 or 24 hours after X irradiation of the animals.

High Resolution NMR Spectroscopy on Whole-Body Imagers:Optimized Single-and Multi-Pulse Experiments in Vitro

1995 ◽  
Vol 50 (10) ◽  
pp. 942-948
Author(s):  
Fritz Schick
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solutions ◽  
Spin Echo ◽  
Single Pulse ◽  
Spin Systems ◽  
The Body ◽  
Coupling Constants ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Receiver Coil

Abstract From 100 ml spherical glass bottles filled with aqueous solutions and suspended in a homogeneous magnetic field, NMR spectra with linewidths of about 0.7 Hz were achieved in single-pulse and multi-pulse spectra. A relatively wide receiver coil as the body coil or the standard head coil of the manufacturer were employed to acquire spectra after different non-localized pulse sequences. Examples of single-pulse spectra and double spin-echo spectra of aqueous solutions with lactate, citrate, or glucose are demonstrated and discussed. The fact that all experiments can be performed using well-defined pulse angles acting on the entire sample at the field strenght of the whole-body unit allows to determine the characteristics (e.g. chemical shift differences, coupling constants) of spin systems of biologically important molecules precisely, without need for additional spectrometers. Constant flip angles are advantageous for adequate theoretical analysis of spectra from coupled spin systems. The effects of a defined "misadjustment" of the transmitter on the spectra can be measured directly, whereas localized methods always yield a superposition of signals due to the distribution of flip angles inside the selected volume. In some cases, optimized sequence parameters for localized examinations in vivo can be derived numerically from the analyzed coupling data.

scholarly journals Hibiscus sabdariffa extract as anti-aging supplement through its antioxidant and anti-obesity activities

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 3572-3578
Author(s):  
Zuliana Muhamad Ridzwan Krishnamurthy ◽  
Nurzalina Abdul Karim Khan ◽  
Insathe Mohd Ali ◽  
Mohamad Dayoob ◽  
Shahad Shakho Hussein
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Pancreatic Lipase ◽  
Healthy Aging ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
The Body ◽  
Hibiscus Sabdariffa ◽  
Ethanolic Extracts ◽  
Alpha Glucosidase

Introduction: Imbalance between total energy intake and expenditure causes accumulation of excess fat and sugar in the body which leads to development of diabetes mellitus type II, obesity, and metabolic syndrome. These harmful diseases accelerate aging and cause fatal metabolic disorders as people age. Inhibition of pancreatic lipase, and alpha glucosidase digestive enzymes is a step that can reduce excess fat and sugar from the body, which is an essential component of healthy aging. Methodology: In this study, aqueous and 50% ethanolic extracts of Hibiscus sabdariffa were investigated for their inhibitory activities on pancreatic lipase and alpha-glucosidase, in addition to their antioxidant activities (using UV-vis spectrophotometer). Results: Both extracts displayed antioxidant properties, indicated by IC50 of 5166.80 mg/mL for H. sabdariffa aqueous extract and 2809.10 mg/mL for H. sabdariffa 50% ethanolic extract. The extracts also suppressed the activities of pancreatic lipase and alpha-glucosidase enzymes, which suggests possible antiobesity and anti-diabetic activities. H. sabdariffa aqueous extract inhibited pancreatic lipase activity with IC50 of 167.5+/-12.7 mg/mL, whereas H. sabdariffa 50% ethanolic extract inhibited the enzyme with an IC50 of 790.65+/-16.02 mg/mL. Both H. sabdariffa aqueous and ethanolic extracts also successfully inhibited alpha-glucosidase enzyme activity with IC50 949.88 +/-10.83 mg/mL, and 378.33 +/-4.20 mg/mL, respectively. Conclusion: Taken together, the outcome of the investigations offers the possibility of the extracts as an anti-obesity, anti-diabetic, anti-metabolic and anti-aging agent, which can be developed into supplements for adults to prevent the occurrence of these prevalent diseases and delay the onset and effects of aging.  

scholarly journals Ethanolic extract of ocimum kilimandscharicum linnleaves: phytochemical and in vitro pharmacological activity

2021 ◽  
pp. 106-109
Author(s):  
Yamini N ◽  
Lahari S ◽  
Phani deepthi V
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Model ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Clinical Development ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Thrombolytic Activity ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
Ethanolic Extracts ◽  
Vitro Model ◽  
Dose Dependent

Using an in vitro model, the anti-thrombolytic efficacy of ethanolic extracts of Ocimum kilimandscharicum Linn was investigated. The researchers discovered that different concentrations of the extract had significant anti-thrombolytic activity in a dose-dependent manner , which was comparable to a standard drug. As a result of the presence of flavonoids and polyphenols in the plant extract, it can be concluded that it has a promising future in the treatment of thrombosis. This knowledge will be useful in the clinical development of thrombolytic therapeutics by identifying more potent anti-thrombolytic principles from natural resources..    

scholarly journals Pengaruh Infusa Biji Buah Pinang (Areca catechu) Terhadap Tingkat Kematian dan Morfometri Cacing Dewasa Ascaridia galli Secara In Vitro

2019 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 166
Author(s):  
Wida Wahidah Mubarokah ◽  
Kurniasih Kurniasih ◽  
Wisnu Nurcahyo ◽  
Joko Prastowo
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Saline Water ◽  
The Body ◽  
Ascaridia Galli ◽  
Body Width ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Areca Catechu ◽  
Crude Aqueous Extract

The study evaluates in vitro effects of Areca catechu crude aqueous extract  as anthelmintics on Ascaridia galli adult mortality rate and morphometry. Naturally infected chickens were collected from slaughtered chickens at local slaughterhouses in Yogyakarta. Chicken’s intestines were carefully examined and transported to the Parasitological Laboratory of Gadjah Mada University, Yogyakarta. Ascaridia galli were collected from intestines (including duodenum, jejunum, and ileum) and put into a petri dish containing 0.62% saline water. There were 60 A. galli in each concentration of Areca catechu crude aqueous extract. Investigation on mortality rate of adult worms at various concentration and observation as well as differences in A. galli morphometry and mortality rate were analyzed using analysis Anova. The figures of the parasites or the parts of the parasites were captured using camera Lucida and then they were measured using both micrometer and curvimeter. The morphology of the parasites was identified to find out their morphometric characteristics.The results of morphometric observation of the A. galli showed that there was a significant difference in the body width and the vulva length of the females and in the body width, the esophageal length and the esophageal width of the males.This research disclosed that Areca catechu crude aqueous extract significantly affected the mortality rate of adult A.galli at various concentration. This research observed that the best concentration to kill the adult worms was 25% Areca catechu crude aqueous extract.

Anti-Trichomonas Vaginalis Activity of Ethanolic Extracts of Medicago Sativa and Satureja Hortensis, In Vitro Study

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Farzaneh Mirzaei ◽  
Vahid Raissi ◽  
Aref T Teimouri ◽  
Parisa Mousavi ◽  
Mohammad Ali Mohaghegh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medicago Sativa ◽  
Trichomonas Vaginalis ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Vitro Study ◽  
Satureja Hortensis ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Ethanolic Extracts

Background and Aims: Trichomonas vaginalis is a flagellated protozoa that is associated with vaginitis, cervicitis, urethritis and other vaginal disorders. Current study aimed to evaluate the anti-Trichomonas activity of Medicago sativa and Satureja hortensis, in vitro.Materials and Methods: Ethanolic extract of Medicago sativa and Satureja hortensis were obtained by rotary evaporator. anti-Trichomonas vaginalis activities of the extracts in different concentrations were evaluated after 24, 48 and 72 hr of incubation of the cultured media.Results and Conclusions: The data showed a significant difference between concentration and time regarding the Satureja hortensis and Medicago sativa extracts compared to the negative control (p<0.05). According to the results, the anti- trichomonas activity of the Medicago sativa and Satureja hortensis extracts may make it possible to use them in the treatment of trichomoniasis.

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