Organ and Machinery Projections in Florensky’s Philosophy and Vertov’s Cinematography

Author(s):  
Svetlana A. Martynova

My article is dedicated to the Kapp’s theory of organ projections in the first half of the XX century in Russia. I research that the philosopher P. Florensky and the filmmaker Dziga Vertov made the changes to this theory and linked it with the definition of machinery projections purposes and limits. Florensky’s has a goal to analyze new sides of life in an organism by machinery projections. The method of it is the made by a man transference of the functions and contours of technology to an organism. A man thinks about the specificity of an organism and does not allow thinking about it as only less qualitatively working mecha­nism. Vertov has a goal to observe disadvantages of a human organism and reject them via creating of a new man by machinery projections. According to Vertov’s purpose the technology presents an organism as a mechanism via the algorithm of observing and designing. I explain how these conceptions may be useful for researching in the field of bioinformatics and biomedical engineering.

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 105-121
Author(s):  
Margaret D. Stetz

The New Man was a crucial topic of discussion and a continual preoccupation in late-Victorian feminist writing, precisely because he was more often a wished-for presence than an actual one. Nevertheless, creators of neo-Victorian fiction and film repeatedly project him backwards onto the screen of literary history, representing him as having in fact existed in the Victorian age as a complement to the New Woman. What is at stake in retrospectively situating the New Man – or, as I will call him, the ‘Neo-Man’ – in the nineteenth century, through historical fiction? If one impulse behind fictional returns to the Victorian period is nostalgia, then what explains this nostalgia for The Man Who Never Was? This essay will suggest that neo-Victorian works have a didactic interest in transforming present-day readers, especially men, through depictions of the Neo-Man, which broaden the audience's feminist sympathies, queer its notions of gender relations, and alter its definition of masculinity.


2021 ◽  
Vol 67 (3) ◽  
pp. 332-337
Author(s):  
Evgeny Kulikov ◽  
Sergey Mertsalov ◽  
Vladimir Grigorenko

Colorectal cancer remains one of the most common tumors. In the structure of cancer mortality in Russia, tumors of this localization occupy the second place among persons of both sexes, giving way to the cancer of the trachea and bronchi in men, and breast cancer in women, respectively. Despite modern diagnostic methods and approaches to treatment, the problem of colorectal cancer remains acute due to increasing morbidity throughout the world, and recently there has been a downward trend in the average age of patients, which increases the social significance of the problem.  According to the modern concept of carcinogenesis, assessment of the influence of genetic factors on the development of tumors of this localization looks very promising. Research aimed at finding a connection between genetic markers, single-nucleotide polymorphisms of genes and their contribution to the problem of colorectal cancer is one of the most studied directions in modern oncology. In this review, the work done related to the role of gene polymorphisms in the development and therapy of colorectal cancer was evaluated. The works were searched for in the databases of PubMed and Cyber Leninka. The known data about some genes participating in different processes of human organism are given. The data on sensitization and protective effects of polymorphisms of genes, the effect of polymorphisms on the result of treatment of colorectal cancer are presented. The necessity of further work in this direction in order to search for genetic markers and the possibility of implementing the definition of gene polymorphism in clinical practice for personalization of treatment of patients with colorectal cancer are discussed.  


2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-73
Author(s):  
Christabel Aba Sam

Critical works on Coetzee’s Disgrace shows that the novel constructs a distressing picture of the conditions in post-apartheid South Africa –tabling his attempts at blurring national enthusiasm, creating racial stereotypes and consequently damaging the hopes of the new South Africa.  However, a re-reading of the novel reveals that the survival of post-apartheid South Africa reside in the potential of a willing unity of racial bodies and a careful re-definition of masculinity vis-à-vis spatial re-configurations. Drawing on the concept of futurity and Frantz Fanon’s idea of the new man, this paper argues that the correlation between forms of community and forms of masculinity provide basis for re-configuring social cohesion in post-apartheid South Africa.


Classics ◽  
2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henriette van der Blom

The concept homo novus (literally “new man”) and its derivative novitas (“newness” or “the quality of being a new man”) were used by politicians and authors writing about political life in the late Roman republic (c. 133–131 bce). There is no ancient definition of the term, and modern scholars disagree on the precise meaning. However, ancient usage suggests that homo novus was a political term used to describe a politician from outside the senatorial elite in Rome, who was successfully elected to a political magistracy, especially the higher magistracies of praetor and consul. The existence of the term indicates an attempt to maintain exclusivity in the political elite of senatorial families and that this attempt was directed not at the lower classes but mainly at members of the equestrian class, who were their equals in socioeconomic terms. The term was used pejoratively by elite Roman politicians to scorn newcomers competing for the limited number of magistracies; in response some homines novi tried to present their background as advantageous: their lack of politically active ancestors made their own candidacy for office untainted by established networks and corruption. The term and its underlying political and social dynamics is crucial for understanding the rhetoric of the politician and author Marcus Tullius Cicero (106–43 bce) in particular, but also the historical monographs of his near-contemporary Gaius Sallustius Crispus (86–c. 35 bce), and the works of biographers and historians writing about the late republic. Cicero is the largest exponent of the term, but his speeches suggests that other new men dipped into the rhetoric of novitas. Understanding the political and social dynamics behind this concept is also important for any study of late Roman republican politics and the major sociopolitical changes taking place during the civil war and triumviral period (c. 49–31 bce) and the early imperial period (c. 31 bce–100 ce).


PEDIATRICS ◽  
1951 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 299-306
Author(s):  
ALFRED H. WASHBURN

EVER since accepting the kind invitation of your President I have known what I wanted to talk to you about tonight. However, when it came to giving my talk a title—a label which would suggest my main theme—then I was stumped. I want to talk a bit about a number of things—about the Child Research Council, about human growth, about education, about pediatric research, and about the responsibilities of the pediatrician in the half century ahead of us. I might then call the talk a "Pediatric Potpourri." The only difficulty with this title is that Mr. Webster, in his fourth definition of the term, says, "a literary production composed of parts brought together without order or bond of connection." While it may be that some of you will decide by the end of this talk that it has been a veritable potpourri yet I hope to succeed in welding a definite "bond of connection" between the various topics discussed. Perhaps the growth, the development, and the adaptation of the human organism is the cementing substance which should run as a golden thread of continuity from the beginning to the end of my discourse. I have used the term "human development" rather than "child development" because my talk tonight is as much concerned with the development of mature and thoughtful pediatricians as it is with the sound and happy development of children who may some day become physicians, lawyers, engineers, businessmen or senators. In fact I'm going to start talking about the Child Research Council not merely as a particular sort of research approach to child development but also as an educational experience for the investigators involved in the venture.


Al-Duhaa ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (02) ◽  
pp. 119-128
Author(s):  
Mr Haroon Rashid Khan ◽  
Aziz Ahmad Khan

It is a reality in world history that human and religion are inseparable from the beginning of the world. In the beginning religion for all humans was only one. But with the growth of human generation, humanity diverged from religion. Then the creator of the universe sent his messengers to guide mankind to straight path. But sometime after the death of the messengers and their companions, the believers coming at that time replaced the teachings of God. And they adopted a new man-made religion. Thus the number of religious increased in the world, now there are many religions in the world, the large and most popular religious are Christianity, Islam, Hinduism, Judaism, Buddhism and Sikhism. In the Aryan era, the Hindus were believers in one God, just like the like Muslims. Then gradually the number of Gods increased to millions, in this article we will compare the concept of God in Islam and Hinduism with the definition of both religions.


2020 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 19-26
Author(s):  
Jean-Jacques Jungers

From the Borromean knotting of concepts world, scene and obscene which represent the material, symbolic and mythological dimensions of our environment, the article explains the process of civilization at work in our societies. In our view, this process characterized itself by the obscene placing – to put behind the scene, in French mise obscène – of an important part of our environment. It is specific to the social animal that is the human being. When he stands on the scene, he always hides a part of his condition. The one he is ashamed because it places him in front of the ontological void that constitutes him.The modern movement radicalized this process by elevating the obscene placing up to a principle. This principle constitutes, in our opinion, a denial of together : the complexity of the human being, the fragility of his environment and the specificity of his condition. However, it was the way, followed by the moderns, to hide themselves the ontological void which they were nevertheless constituted. As a result appears a new man, a man without condition which, surrounded by the comforting decor of the scene, has lost the consciousness of both, its constitutive frailty (body and environment) and the destructive nature of its own way of life. If one refers to scientific forecasts, he now runs blindly towards an imminent ecological drama that could end with nothing other than the inhabitability of his own planet.This opens a double urgency: first, to identify and understand the devices at work in the process of obscene placing and subsequently, to reflect on how to change them. It being understood that human awareness would impact its behavior and, thus, would influence the catastrophic projections of our scientists.According to our interpretation of the Lacanian definition of primitive architecture, it can be considered as one of those devices because it allows the man to isolate the obscene from thescene (Jungers 2015). Hence, we hypothesize, to open what follows, that the plausibility of the mimesis is related to the mimetic power of architecture. Mimesis and mimetic would, therefore, be two sides of the same coin. Mimesis is ideational. It traditionally regulates the imitative arts in the way nature has to be represented. Mimetic is material. It allows some animals to survive in this nature by using, according to Roger Caillois, three strategies: intimidation, transvestism and camouflage.To clarify the links between mimesis and mimetic, we will draw hereafter, the contours of this particular animal that is the man, at the same time, talking, symbolic and social animal. On the way we will approach the issues of mimesis and mimetic which will allow us to conclude by pointing three devices used by architecture to hide the obscene: the wall (hiding), the type(meaning) and the parergon (sublimation). These three devices enable the human being not only to hide from himself the obscene, but more than that, to hide from himself that architecture which itself hides.


1966 ◽  
Vol 24 ◽  
pp. 3-5
Author(s):  
W. W. Morgan

1. The definition of “normal” stars in spectral classification changes with time; at the time of the publication of theYerkes Spectral Atlasthe term “normal” was applied to stars whose spectra could be fitted smoothly into a two-dimensional array. Thus, at that time, weak-lined spectra (RR Lyrae and HD 140283) would have been considered peculiar. At the present time we would tend to classify such spectra as “normal”—in a more complicated classification scheme which would have a parameter varying with metallic-line intensity within a specific spectral subdivision.


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