Impact of Economic Affluence on CO2 Emissions in CEE Countries

There is huge evidence for a relationship between economic growth and environmental degradation. One of the causes of environmental degradation is CO2 emission which is added to the atmosphere through human activities and excessive industrialization. The aim of this research is to examine the relationship between CO2 emissions and measures of wealth in countries of Central and Eastern Europe between 2000 and 2019. The paper extends the research on economic affluence by taking into consideration two measures of economic growth, in addition to GDP, the HDI index is included. The basis for the investigation is the EKC concept. All analyses are based on econometric models with GDP and the HDI index as independent variables. The results are not conclusive and there is no one model which best describes the relationship between CO2 emissions and economic growth. Verification of the models indicates the better fit of models with the HDI index as the measure of affluence. Moreover, the study confirms that the key factors affecting CO2 emissions are energy consumption per capita which leads to an increase in CO2 emissions, and renewable energy consumption which reduces CO2 emissions. Therefore, technological changes and an increase in human awareness of global sustainability are required.

The Relationship of Indonesian Language Learning with the Environment

The environment is an influential component in implementing teaching and learning activities. According to Ira, Ramadhan, and Nursaid (2016) the environment is everything that is in the human environment in the process of growing life and the bonds between other creatures where humans grow. The environment can support the course of teaching and learning activities in schools. A clean school environment will make the learning atmosphere comfortable and vice versa. However, the level of human awareness of the environment is very minimal. Teachers who become teaching staff play an important role in teaching students about environmental education and foster a sense of care for students in preserving the environment.

IMPROVING HUMAN AWARENESS DURING COLLABORATION WITH ROBOT: REVIEW

Human-robot collaboration is a widespread topic within the concept of Industry 4.0. Such collaboration brings new opportunities to improve ergonomics and innovative options for manufacturing automation; however, most of the modern collaborative industrial applications are limited by the fact that neither collaborative side is fully aware of the partner: the human operator may not see the robot movement due to own engagement in the work process, and the collaborative robot simply has no means of knowing the position of the operator. Dynamic replanning of the robot trajectory with respect to the operator's current position can increase the efficiency and safety of cooperation since the robot will be able to avoid collisions and proceed in task completion; however, the other side of communication remains unresolved. This paper provides a review of methods of improving human awareness during collaboration with a robot. Covered techniques include graphical, acoustic and haptic feedback implementations. The work is focused on the practical applicability of the approaches, and analyses present challenges associated with each method.

Introduction

The Introduction outlines the book’s purposes and approach by explaining the title’s three components. It asks what it means to live skillfully and how the Vimalakīrti Sūtra focuses on the cultivation of life skills through the development of Buddhist practices. It then inquires into the meaning of a Buddhist philosophy of life and how it might play a crucial role in our efforts to diminish human suffering and to advance human awareness and awakening. Finally, it describes the unique character of the Vimalakīrti Sūtra and how this book will approach the sutra as a means to cultivate a contemporary philosophy of life along Buddhist lines that might accentuate the possibility of living skillfully.

A Model of Religious Moral Approach for Peatland Ecosystem Restoration in Indonesia

Efforts to conserve peatlands and prevent forest fires are inseparable from human awareness and behavior. This study aims to find a model for a religious, moral approach by the clerics in supporting the implementation of peatland restoration. The study was carried out in designated Muslim locations with trained clerics. The farmers surveyed also have experienced by the Peatland Restoration Agency (BRG) programs: i.e., physical support, such as a canal dam program and demonstration plot of agriculture without burning (PLTB). The methods used combine quantitative surveys with a Likert scale to explore attitudes, subjective norms, perception, intention, and their impact on behavior. The results obtained show that the community religious leaders can be an important trigger in encouraging the movement. In the model, visible subjective norm (SN) variables contribute directly to intention by 23%. Perceived behavior control (PBC) directly has a positive and significant effect on intention 53% (p-value). This means the individual, in making a decision and intention to participate, is a factor that has a broad impact on the community and gives a positive value of 53% (good enough) on the intention. The individuals' decisions to participate in peatland conservation are prompted by perception of having a wide impact on the community.

The Principle of Synderesis in Interpreting Legislation

In this study, the method of legal interpretation plays an important role in finding answers to research questions. In the study of statutory regulations, understanding a statutory regulation requires a separate understanding technique. Does the understanding technique itself use reading or interpreting techniques, but all of which must produce the common good. This common good is often called the bonum commune. In the study of legal philosophy, legal justice is the highest goal of law. In the concept of the welfare state, bonum commune is an entity related to the teleology of the felling of being well. Bonum commune doesn’t mean that we define a standard principle that must be enforced and apply to everyone. Bonum commune is related to human awareness as part of a community that needs each other and leads to a good state of society. The principle of synderesis when used to interpret the entire Regent Decree Number 20 of 1997, the legal solution was found, namely Batu Tiga Village existed before the Regent’s Decree Number 20 of 1997 because the statutory regulations that were ius constitutum originated from the prevailing customs in the community.

SASTRA CYBER ABAD KE-20: SEBUAH TINJAUAN TENTANG NILAI PENGUATAN KARAKTER ETIS LINGKUNGAN

This research is an attempt to explain the form of environmental ethics and values ??of strengthening the Quadriology character of the Novel by Ki Padmasusastra (hereinafter referred to as QNKKP). This study uses a qualitative research paradigm. The object of this research is called cyber literature because the data is taken from online sites. The main data of the study include four novels by Ki Padmasusastra. Technical data analysis uses content analysis techniques that are based on cultural hermeneutics. The results showed that, QNKKP is a reflection of the universality of Javanese literature wrapped in the symbolism of literary texts. The picture of people's life is the goal of an ideal standard of living that is in accordance with the values ??that develop in Javanese culture. The main goal of environmental wisdom in the perspective of Javanese culture is to help hayuning bawana 'maintain the balance of nature', in order to create a harmonious life between creatures in the universe. An important implication of the research findings is that human awareness to respect each other's existing entities is the basis of strength that can guide human character to seek fellowship with nature.

Not Only Environmental Conditions but Also Human Awareness Matters: A Successful Post-Crayfish Plague Reintroduction of the White-Clawed Crayfish (Austropotamobius pallipes) in Northern Italy

In Europe, invasive freshwater crayfish are not only changing freshwater ecosystems, but they are also leading to local extinctions of native freshwater crayfish. This is particularly evident for the populations of red swamp crayfish and spiny-cheek crayfish in northern Italy, which are threatening the last and isolated populations of the white-clawed crayfish. Here, we describe the steps that accompanied a successful reintroduction of the white-clawed crayfish in an Italian stream (Park Monte Barro) that, although isolated from other freshwater sites, suffered from an illegal introduction of the spiny-cheek crayfish in 2013. After the removal of presumably all the introduced spiny-cheek crayfish individuals, we started periodical surveys (twice a year) of the stream to confirm the absence of further introductions and to monitor environmental conditions. Prior to the reintroduction of the white-clawed crayfish that started in autumn 2018, we developed an intense dissemination activity to raise awareness of white-clawed crayfish features and importance among landowners surrounding the stream, including those suspected of the introduction of the spiny-cheek crayfish: we organized public meetings and we performed seven direct visits, house to house, to the local people providing information on good practices for white-clawed crayfish conservation. From 2018 to 2020, every autumn, we reintroduced a batch of 3-month-old white-clawed crayfish juveniles, and we developed a program for the monitoring of crayfish growth and density, water quality, and direct landowners’ disturbance of the site. We detected a significant increase of the white-clawed crayfish total length (TL) from the first reintroduction (October 2018) to June 2020. In 2020, crayfish were consistently larger than in the 2019 surveys; some of them were able to breed less than 2 years after the first reintroduction. In 2020, the estimated density of large crayfish reached 0.57 individuals/m2, which is lower than the density observed prior to extinction. We did not detect any case of human disturbance of the site. Our results underline that the reintroduction actions could be more effective when the stakeholders having the greatest potential impact on the species are identified, informed, and involved as primary caretakers of the activities.