A Challenging Drilling Campaign Unleashed a Unique Fast Drill String Recovery Methodology Eliminating Utilizing Wireline, CT and Overcome Highly Deviated String Accessibility

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khaled Abdelhalim ◽  
Mohamed Al Zaabi ◽  
Salim Al Ali ◽  
Islam khaled Abdel Karim ◽  
Haitham Jadallah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drill String ◽  
Fast Recovery ◽  
Significant Cost ◽  
Engineering Team ◽  
Downhole Tool ◽  
Environmentally Safe ◽  
Zonal Isolation ◽  
Drill Pipes ◽  
Side Track ◽  
Operating Company

Abstract Stuck pipe is one of the biggest challenges in the drilling sector and is a multi-billion-dollar issue. Recovering from stuck pipe absorbs significant cost and time. Durations for stuck pipe events and recovery can be mostly variable from a few days to up to over a month to resolve. When attempts to release the stuck pipe by jarring or acid fail, the operating company and drilling contractors are left with little option but to sever the drill string and prepare for side-track operations or even abandon the hole. Traditional pipe severance methods in the event of a stuck pipe situation typically take significant time (often days, and sometimes weeks), require specialist tools, Service Hands, and are usually reliant on wireline services to deliver the severance method. In 2018, a Major Operating Company in UAE faced a challenging high-sticking Formation, which caused massive NPT, stuck of drill strings, and loss of drilled section holes. Brainstorming within the Drilling Engineering team took the campaign to the next level of pre-planning to reach deep access in the hole to be able to achieve zonal isolation by spotting cement plugs through drilling BHA, find a solution to save the hole and recover the pipes in an efficient, cheap and productive manner. An environmentally safe pre-planned solution to severe the drill string was proposed to help save the wells and allow an excellent methodology to save the wells/fields from stuck pipe risks. The engineering solution allows a fast recovery of drill pipes using a downhole tool as a part of drilling BHA, with the option to activate it if required, by dropping a smart dart and circulating with mud for a specific time to apply cut string with two option, either spotting cement with recovered BHA or lift BHA with fish neck to try to fish in the hole.

New Methodology of Slot Recovery Minimizing Milling Operation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryosuke Sato ◽  
Islam Khaled Abdelkarim ◽  
Abdul Rahman Hasan Albeshr ◽  
Takahiro Toki ◽  
Salim Abdalla Al Ali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Technologies ◽  
Applied Pressure ◽  
Drill String ◽  
Rotary Table ◽  
Actual Case ◽  
Milling Operation ◽  
Drill Pipes ◽  
Pulling Force ◽  
Complete Operation ◽  
Typical Method

Abstract Slot recovery operation can be considered as one of the most time consuming operation. Cut and pull casings, or milling casings have been carried out as typical method of slot recovery. However there are a lot of risks with this typical method such as poor progress of milling, damaging top drive due to high vibration while milling or sudden string jumping up while overpulling and possibility of string stuck caused by poor hole cleaning while milling. We have completed slot recovery operations on numbers of wells, but there were a lot of troubles caused by above mentioned adversaries on rig equipment and taking a lot of time to complete operation. There are several kinds of new slot recovery technologies that may save rig time and less harmful than conventional method. Casing Pulling Tool (CPT) is one of the new technologies which eliminates or mitigates risks mentioned above. CPT has piston internally and it is activated by applying pressure inside string. CPT is run with casing spear and drill pipes. Once spear is engaged with casing and apply pressure inside drill string, CPT provides pulling force on casing. Pulling force is varied depend on the applied pressure and maximum available pulling force is more than 1,000 kips. Hence upper part of string is anchored at rotary table by slips, pulling force is applied on casing and drill string below rotary table. This means no pulling force is applied on top drive and minimize the chance of getting damage on it. As an actual case, we could successfully recover 13-3/8" casing by CPT without having any troubles and complete slot recovery operation with saving rig time compared to the conventional methods. This paper introduces the details about the case mentioned above.

Fatigue Assessment of Drill Pipes

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. J. Haagensen ◽  
T. I. Grøttum
Keyword(s):  
Failure Modes ◽  
Fatigue Behavior ◽  
Drill String ◽  
American Petroleum Institute ◽  
Directional Drilling ◽  
Fatigue Wear ◽  
Threaded Connections ◽  
Current Design ◽  
Drilling Operations ◽  
Drill Pipes

Fatigue failures during offshore drilling operations is still a very costly problem. The fatigue behavior of drill pipes is reviewed, and typical failure modes are identified. The effects of drill string curvature during directional drilling on pipe body stress and on the fatigue life is examined. Effects on applied mean stress from drill string weight are discussed. Interaction effects of degradation mechanisms such as fatigue, wear and corrosion are evaluated. Experimental background data and statistical evaluation that form the basis for the current design practice issued by American Petroleum Institute (API) and other guidance in codes and standards is reviewed. Results from several recent testing programs performed under rotating bending of pipes with threaded connections, and tests involving the pipe body under resonance conditions are presented. The tests were made with pipe sizes from 2 7/8 in. to 5 7/8 in. in Grade S-135 pipes. The results are compared with published test data and design guidance such as API Recommended Practice G7 [1]. Recommendations are given for research and testing to improve reliability and the safe operation of drill strings.

Vibration Analysis of Flexible Multi-Body Drill String System by FSI

2012 ◽  
Vol 184-185 ◽  
pp. 631-640
Author(s):  
Gui Jie Yu ◽  
Lei Fu ◽  
Wen Sheng Xiao ◽  
You Cai Yin
Keyword(s):  
Elastic Vibration ◽  
Drill String ◽  
Lateral Vibration ◽  
Drilling String ◽  
Structure Vibration ◽  
Drilling System ◽  
Drill Pipes ◽  
Multi Body ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Vertical Borehole

Combined with features of flexible multi-body drilling string system and top-drive drilling system, the characteristic equation for lateral, twisting and longitudinal coupled vibration of flexible multi-body drilling string system is developed based on elastic vibration theory and finite element method, and the lateral vibration constraints is restored. Within 1700m vertical borehole, the relationship between the intrinsic frequency of flexible multi-body drilling string system and axial load, static drilling pressure, mud, length of drill collars, length of drill pipes are gained by analyzing the lateral vibration, twisting vibration and longitudinal fluid-structure vibration of flexible multi-body drilling string system by using software ANSYS. One to five step intrinsic frequencies of flexible multi-body drilling string system are gained. The research is about the theoretical basis for Well bore control theory of top drive drilling.

scholarly journals Influence of Chemical Corrosive Environment with H2S on Drill Strings, Experimental Researches

2020 ◽  
Vol 71 (4) ◽  
pp. 29-37
Author(s):  
Mihaela Madalina Caltaru ◽  
Marius Badicioiu ◽  
Alin Dinita ◽  
Dragos Gabriel Zisopol ◽  
Razvan George Ripeanu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brittle Fracture ◽  
Fatigue Cracks ◽  
Drill String ◽  
Oil Field ◽  
Corrosive Environment ◽  
Inner Surface ◽  
Drill Pipes ◽  
Corrosive Environments ◽  
Experimental Researches ◽  
Diffusion Of Hydrogen

The present researches established the failure causes of the drill string, used in corrosive environments with H2S, in an oil field, by initiating fatigue cracks from the corrosion points on the inner surface of the drill pipes, which favoured the diffusion of hydrogen, the brittleness of the material and the brittle fracture.

scholarly journals The Stress-Strain State of the Drill String at the Section of the Borehole with a Cavern

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 122
Author(s):  
Ruslan Rachkevych ◽  
Iryna Rachkevych
Keyword(s):  
Cross Section ◽  
Relative Position ◽  
Strain State ◽  
Drill String ◽  
Transverse Load ◽  
Bending Stress ◽  
Stress Strain ◽  
Stress Strain State ◽  
Drill Pipes ◽  
The Cross

<p class="1Body">This study analyses the stress-strain state of a drill string at the section of the borehole with a cavern/chute. The study was conducted to obtain analytical dependencies to determine normal bending stress in the cross section of the drill string and its downforces to the walls of the well. This will allow to compare these values with the critical ones, and draw conclusions about the possibility and duration of the drill string operation under these conditions.</p><p class="1Body">The study is based on modelling the drill string as a beam, which indicates longitudinal and transverse load and deforms in-plane.</p><p class="1Body">The formulas obtained to determine stresses and pressing forces apply to the following cases of the relative position of the drill string in a straight borehole and a curved borehole with a cavern/chute: a – the drill string touches only the bottom of the borehole; b – the drill string touches only the bottom of the borehole and the bottom of the cavern/chute; c –  the drill string touches the top and the bottom of the borehole; d – the drill string touches the top and the bottom of the borehole and the cavern/chute.</p><p class="1Body">The calculations based on the dependencies obtained lead to the following conclusions: a – the cavern/chute in the inclined straight borehole causes bending stress value in the cross section of drill pipes proportional to the fatigue margin of the material; b – the cavern/chute in the curved borehole may increase normal bending stress in the cross section of the borehole up to five times.</p>

Double Casing Exit for Side-Track to Commingle Two Borehole Sizes Based Sections in One Slim Shot to Well TD

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meshal Al-Khaldi ◽  
Dhari Al-Saadi ◽  
Mohammad Al-Ajmi ◽  
Abhijit Dutta ◽  
Ibrahim Elafify ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Challenging Behaviors ◽  
Single Shot ◽  
Close Monitoring ◽  
Drilling Parameters ◽  
Wellbore Pressure ◽  
Open Hole ◽  
Zonal Isolation ◽  
Side Track ◽  
First Time

Abstract This project began when a 9-5/8" in 43.5 ppf production casing became inaccessible due to the existing cemented pipe inside, preventing further reservoir section exposure and necessitating a mechanical side-track meanwhile introducing the challenge of loosing one section and imposimg slim hole challenges. The size and weight of the double-casing made for challenging drilling, as did the eight very different formations, which were drilled. The side-track was accomplished in two steps, an 8½ in hole followed by a single long 6⅛ in section, rather than the three steps (16 in, 12¼ in, 8½ in) that are typically required. The optimal kick off point carfully located across the dual casing by running electromagnetic diagnostics, the casing collar locator, and the cement bond log. The double casing mill was carefully tailored to successfully accomplish the exit in one run. Moreover, an extra 26 ft. MD rathole was drilled, which helped to eliminate the mud motor elongation run. A rotary steerable system was utilized directly in a directional BHA to drill an 8½ in open hole building section from vertical to a 30⁰ inclination. A 7.0 in liner was then set to isolate weak zones at the equivalent depth of the outer casing (13-3/8"). Subsequently, a single 6⅛ in section was drilled to the well TD through the lower eight formations. Drilling a 6⅛ in section through eight formations came with a variety of challenges. These formations have different challenging behaviors relative to the wellbore pressure that typically leads to the drilling being done in two sections. Modeling the geo-mechanical characteristics of each formation allowed the determination of a mud weight range and rheology that would stabilize the wellbore through all eight formations. The slim, 6⅛ in, hole was stabilized with higher equivalent circulating density (ECD) values than is typically used in larger boreholes. Optimizing mud weight and drilling parameters, while managing differential sticking with close monitoring of real-time ECD, helped to stabilize the high-pressurized zones to deliver the well to the desired TD with a single borehole. This project represents the first time in Kuwait that double casings in such large sizes have been cut and sidetracked. It is also the first time these eight formations have been cut across such a smaller hole size, slim hole (6⅛ in) in a single shot. Geo-mechanical modeling allowed us to stabilize the pressurized formations and to control the ECD. The well also deployed the longest production liner in the field commingling multiple reservoirs with differnt pore pressure ramps, with excellent cement quality providing optimal zonal isolation.

Friction Considerations in Rotary Shouldered Threaded Connections

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catalin Teodoriu ◽  
Herschel McDonald ◽  
Charles Bollfrass
Keyword(s):  
Drill Pipe ◽  
Extreme Environments ◽  
Drill String ◽  
Directional Drilling ◽  
Frictional Properties ◽  
Threaded Connections ◽  
Safety Margins ◽  
Drill Pipes ◽  
Drilling Conditions ◽  
First Time

The new connection designs introduced by the drill pipe manufacturers (double shoulder connections, intelligent drill pipes or any new design for increased torque resistance) make the use of the Farr formula for calculating proper assembly torque more problematic. Additionally, severe drilling conditions like HPHT, directional drilling and extreme environments are affecting critical thread compound performance properties, which can make it impossible to attain the optimum makeup torque for the connection. The new drilling conditions are exposing the drill string components to higher loads and consequently reduce the safety margins. Since the makeup process is the only way to control and achieve the maximum tool joint loading capacity, it becomes important to understand the effect of friction on optimum makeup torque calculation. This paper presents a modified equation for optimum makeup torque calculation by using the latest research on thread compound frictional properties. Also, the thread compound lubrication mechanism will be explained. For the first time the thread turn load will be related to the optimum makeup torque. The paper will also explain why there is a need for a new API standard for determining thread compound frictional properties. The formula developed herein, based on experimental results, demonstrates that the newly introduced overall factor may differentiate between used and new connections.

scholarly journals Analytical investigations of the accuracy of the small diameter tool-joint tapered thread made by a lathe machining

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 268-276
Author(s):  
Oleh Onysko ◽  
Volodymyr Kopei ◽  
Iulia Medvid ◽  
Vitalii Panchuk ◽  
Lolita Pituley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Small Diameter ◽  
Rake Angle ◽  
Drill String ◽  
Influential Factor ◽  
Tangential Displacement ◽  
Profile Angle ◽  
Operational Characteristics ◽  
Thread Profile ◽  
Drill Pipes ◽  
Tool Joint

Abstract The drill string consists of connected drill pipes and other elements. The connection is carried out by screwing of the drill string elements with the help of tool-joint tapered thread. The operational characteristics of the drill pipes depend of the manufacture precision of these tool-joints mostly. The accuracy of the thread is regulated by the accuracy of its profile and the accuracy of its pitch diameter value. The accuracy of the tapered thread manufacturing on the lathe in its depending on the values of the geometric parameters of the lathe tool and the values of deviations of its installation relatively to the workpiece axis is investigated. It is proved that for the tapered thread of form VI profile used for connection of drill pipes with the diameter from 30 mm to 44 mm the most influential factor, in relation to the accuracy of the thread profile is the value of the rake angle. Application of the rake angle value up to −5° according to the research data leads to a deviation from the specified profile of 0.3°, which is more than 35% of the declared standard tolerance on deviations from the profile. Also, the influence of the back rake angle value on the value of the deviation from the standard pitch diameter of the thread is proved. It is proved that the magnitude of the tangential displacement of the nose of the cutter relatively to the axis of the thread up to −0.2 mm can cause a deviation of the profile angle of 0.18°, which is 27% of the standard tolerance.

Aluminum Drill Pipe Fatigue Analysis

2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guilherme Farias Miscow ◽  
Joa˜o Carlos Ribeiro Pla´cido ◽  
Paulo Emi´lio Valada˜o de Miranda ◽  
Theodoro Antoun Netto
Keyword(s):  
Fatigue Life ◽  
Structural Integrity ◽  
Crack Nucleation ◽  
Drill Pipe ◽  
Drill String ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Horizontal Section ◽  
Steel Drill ◽  
Drill Pipes

While drilling extended reach wells, the weight per foot of the drill string is a critical design parameter that can limit the depth to be reached. One practical solution is the use of drill pipes made of alternative materials to the conventional steel drill pipes. The most direct options are titanium and aluminum. Titanium is in general impaired due to its high cost, although the titanium alloy Ti-6Al4V has already been used in the airplane industry. More recently, Russia has been manufacturing drill pipes using aluminum alloys of the system Al-Cu-Mg, similar to alloys 2024, also used in airplanes. These pipes present a reasonable commercial cost. Drill pipe fatigue damage occurs under cyclic loading conditions due to, for instance, rotation in curved sections of the well. Failures caused by crack nucleation and propagation are one of the highest risks to the structural integrity of these pipes. Usually, failure mechanisms develop in the transition region of the tool joint. Several mechanical and metallurgical factors affect the fatigue life of drill pipes. The former are mainly geometric discontinuities such as transition zones, pits and slip marks. The latter are related to the size and distribution of crystalline grains, phases and second phase particles (inclusions). In this study, the roles played by both factors in the fatigue life of drill pipes are studied through an experimental test program. The fundamental fatigue mechanisms are investigated via laboratory tests in small-scale coupons performed in an opto-mechanical fatigue apparatus. Additionally, full-scale fatigue testes on three aluminum drill pipes were performed. The pipes tested are being used in the horizontal section of some extended reach wells in the Northeast of Brazil.

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