Digitalization for Reducing Carbon Footprint in Drilling Operations

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Flavio Ferrari ◽  
Riccardo Naselli ◽  
Paolo Brunetti ◽  
Jean Michelez ◽  
Edoardo Zini
Keyword(s):  
Phase 1 ◽  
Fuel Efficiency ◽  
Ghg Emissions ◽  
Optimal Level ◽  
Sensor Data ◽  
Emissions Reduction ◽  
Monthly Basis ◽  
Operational Conditions ◽  
Ghg Reduction ◽  
Diesel Generators

Abstract Objectives/Scope Drilling activities are energy intensive, in order to support, for example, heavy loads, high volumes circulation, and high torque equipment. As of today, this energy is mainly provided by diesel generators consuming tons of fuel every day. Hence, drilling activities are a significant producer of greenhouse gases (GHG) in the upstream industry, therefore drawing attention on the potential for emissions reduction. There are two ways for reducing emissions: changing the source of energy, and reducing the consumption. This paper is focusing on the latter, addressing the potential for GHG reduction thanks digitalization of the rig operations. Methods, Procedures, Process The process is structured in two phases: Phase 1 - data monitoring Rig operations provide different data sources from rig sensors and daily reporting. The digitalization process in place in Saipem is gathering and consolidating these data on rig site and in headquarters in real time. On one hand, dedicated algorithms are applied to identify the rig state (type of ongoing operation) every 5 seconds. On the other hand, engines’ consumptions data are provided either through reporting or from engines monitoring systems (where available). All these data are then consolidated and displayed on interactive dashboards, providing insightful information on fuel efficiency and energy consumption by type of operations for each rig. Phase 2 - consumption optimization By analysing the power needs according to a given environment (eg. depth) and operational conditions (eg. tripping) the system provides the best statistical performance recorded from the rig fleet and set it as a target for low emission operations. Then the operators on the rig have clear instructions on how to utilize their diesel generators to ensure both operational safety and emissions reduction. In addition, the use of the engines at an optimal level supports also availability (less failures) and maintainability (longer lifetime). Results, Observations, Conclusions The system in place has produced valuable results in less than 6 months, by offering a clear visibility on the most consuming activities and the definition of best-in-class energy-efficient operations. These instructions are distributed among the rigs, and the operators can proactively optimize the use of their engines according to the upcoming activities and the operating environment. GHG emissions are constantly monitored and reductions have been recorded on a monthly basis. Novel/Additive Information Considering that the cleaner energy is the one that is not consumed, this digitalization process of rig sensor data and operation reporting offers an unprecedented vision of the activities and their related GHG emissions. A cautious analysis of these data provides practical indicators for the most efficient use of diesel generators. This proactive energy management supports operators and contractors in delivering a proactive sustainability strategy with measurable results.

scholarly journals Reducing provincial GHG emissions through reductions in energy use and demand: the case of the restaurant industry in Toronto.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel D. C. Wren
Keyword(s):  
Energy Use ◽  
Ghg Emissions ◽  
Restaurant Industry ◽  
Emissions Reduction ◽  
Municipal Governments ◽  
Greenhouse Gas Reduction ◽  
Electricity Use ◽  
Ghg Reduction ◽  
Original Survey ◽  
Area Of Influence

In the absence of a national greenhouse gas reduction strategy, the provinces and territories of Canada have adopted legislated or policy-based reduction targets largely related to energy source, the adoption of carbon pricing models and by working with municipal governments. Municipalities have acknowledged their responsibility in emissions reduction by implementing a range of GHG reduction programs but they are limited by their area of influence and by financial constraints. The major focus of this thesis is a study to assess the contribution of the Toronto-based independent restaurant industry to municipal energy use based on an original survey; it was found that the restaurant industry contributes approximately 2.4% of Toronto’s GHG emissions and 0.3% nationally. While GHG emissions related to electricity use has decreased as greater energy efficiency is achieved, similar trends are not seen in GHG emissions related to natural gas use demonstrating the need for further research in this area.

scholarly journals Reducing provincial GHG emissions through reductions in energy use and demand: the case of the restaurant industry in Toronto.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel D. C. Wren
Keyword(s):  
Energy Use ◽  
Ghg Emissions ◽  
Restaurant Industry ◽  
Emissions Reduction ◽  
Municipal Governments ◽  
Greenhouse Gas Reduction ◽  
Electricity Use ◽  
Ghg Reduction ◽  
Original Survey ◽  
Area Of Influence

In the absence of a national greenhouse gas reduction strategy, the provinces and territories of Canada have adopted legislated or policy-based reduction targets largely related to energy source, the adoption of carbon pricing models and by working with municipal governments. Municipalities have acknowledged their responsibility in emissions reduction by implementing a range of GHG reduction programs but they are limited by their area of influence and by financial constraints. The major focus of this thesis is a study to assess the contribution of the Toronto-based independent restaurant industry to municipal energy use based on an original survey; it was found that the restaurant industry contributes approximately 2.4% of Toronto’s GHG emissions and 0.3% nationally. While GHG emissions related to electricity use has decreased as greater energy efficiency is achieved, similar trends are not seen in GHG emissions related to natural gas use demonstrating the need for further research in this area.

scholarly journals Atmospheric Emission Changes and Their Economic Impacts during the COVID-19 Pandemic Lockdown in Argentina

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (20) ◽  
pp. 8661
Author(s):  
Tomás R. Bolaño-Ortiz ◽  
S. Enrique Puliafito ◽  
Lucas L. Berná-Peña ◽  
Romina M. Pascual-Flores ◽  
Josefina Urquiza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Power Plants ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Ghg Emissions ◽  
Road Transport ◽  
Economic Effects ◽  
Emissions Reduction ◽  
Job Opportunities ◽  
Ghg Reduction ◽  
Emission Changes ◽  
Ch4 And N2o

This work studied the emission changes and their economic effects during the Argentina’s COVID-19 pandemic lockdown. We have analyzed the atmospheric emissions of the main greenhouse gases (GHG: CO2, CH4, and N2O) and other pollutants (NOx, CO, NMVOC, SO2, PM10, PM2.5, and BC) from various sectors such as private road transport, freight, public transport, agriculture machines, thermal power plants, residential, commercial, and governmental from January 2005 to April 2020. We focused on the months with the greatest restrictions of COVID-19 pandemic in Argentina (March and April 2020). The results show emissions reduction up to 37% for PM10, PM2.5, and BC, consistent with observed from satellite images and up to 160% for NOx, CO, NMVOC, and SOx. However, the residential sector has increased their emissions by 8% for the same period. As a consequence, 3337 Gg of CO2eq of GHG emissions were reduced, corresponding to a 20% reduction compared to the same period in 2019. Besides, a 26% reduction in gross domestic product (GDP) was observed due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Our results show that each Tg of GHG reduction was associated to a 0.16% reduction of the GDP from the analyzed sectors. Thus, without a voluntary reduction in consumption associated to significant cultural and technological changes, reduction in GHG would still be associated with deepening inequalities and asymmetries between high and low consumption sectors (i.e., with better (lesser) education, health, and job opportunities), even within countries and cities.

Assessment of Alternative Fuels and Engine Technologies to Reduce GHG

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Lindstad ◽  
Gunnar Gamlem ◽  
Agathe Rialland ◽  
Anders Valland
Keyword(s):  
Alternative Fuels ◽  
Reduction Potential ◽  
Ghg Emissions ◽  
Energy Utilization ◽  
Emissions Reduction ◽  
Maritime Transport ◽  
Renewable Electricity ◽  
Technical Improvement ◽  
Ghg Reduction ◽  
Operational Improvement

Current greenhouse gas emissions (GHG) from maritime transport represent around 3% of global anthropogenic GHG emissions. These emissions will have to be cut at least in half by 2050 compared to 2008 as adopted by IMO´s initial GHG-strategy to be consistent with Paris agreement goals. Basically, the required GHG emissions reduction can be achieved through: Design and other technical improvement of ships; Operational Improvement; Fuels with zero or lower GHG footprint; or a combination of these. Where fuels with zero or lower GHG footprints often are perceived to be the most promising measure. The motivation for this study has therefore been to investigate these alternative fuels with focus on their feasibility, energy utilization and cost in addition to their GHG reduction potential. The results indicate: First, that fuels with zero or very low GHG emissions will be costly; Second, that these fuels might double or triple the maritime sector's energy consumption in a Well-to-Wake context; Third, if large amounts of renewable electricity becomes available at very low prices, synthetic E-fuels such as E-diesel and E-LNG which can be blended with conventional fuels and used on conventional vessels, will be more commercially attractive than hydrogen and ammonia.

Pathways to Low-Carbon Transport – From Technical and Non-Technical Perspectives

2014 ◽  
Vol 1073-1076 ◽  
pp. 2606-2609
Author(s):  
Zhao Jun Ren ◽  
Xiao Ling Gao
Keyword(s):  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Fuel Efficiency ◽  
Ghg Emissions ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Modal Shift ◽  
Ghg Reduction ◽  
Low Energy Consumption ◽  
Private Car ◽  
Vehicle Fuel Efficiency ◽  
Carbon Transport

The paper considered a number of available pathways to move to low-carbon transport with low energy consumption and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, including: promoting alternative energy carriers for all transport modes and improving vehicle fuel efficiency; avoiding or reducing the need to travel by private car through pricing and integrated land-use and transport planning policies; encouraging a modal shift to more energy-efficient mode for a particular trip through pricing mechanisms, regulation, and investments. It’s also mentioned that a combination of the available policies and the collaboration between all relevant institutions and policymakers are necessary to meet energy saving and GHG reduction goals.

scholarly journals The role of the European small ruminant dairy sector in stabilising global temperatures: lessons from GWP* warming-equivalent emission metrics

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Agustin del Prado ◽  
Pablo Manzano ◽  
Guillermo Pardo
Keyword(s):  
Small Ruminant ◽  
Ghg Emissions ◽  
Small Ruminants ◽  
Feed Additives ◽  
Dairy Goat ◽  
Emission Rates ◽  
Animal Products ◽  
Ghg Reduction ◽  
Mitigate Climate Change ◽  
Climate Neutrality

Abstract Recent calls advocate that a huge reduction in the consumption of animal products (including dairy) is essential to mitigate climate change and stabilise global warming below the 1.5 and 2°C targets. The Paris Agreement states that to stabilise temperatures we must reach a balance between anthropogenic emissions by sources and removals by sinks of greenhouse gases (GHG) in the second half of this century. Consequently, many countries have adopted overall GHG reduction targets (e.g. EU, at least 40% by 2030 compared to 1990). However, using conventional metric-equivalent emissions (CO2-e GWP100) as the basis to account for emissions does not result in capturing the effect on atmospheric warming of changing emission rates from short-lived GHG (e.g. methane: CH4), which are the main source of GHG emissions by small ruminants. This shortcoming could be solved by using warming-equivalent emissions (CO2-we, GWP*), which can accurately link annual GHG emission rates to its warming effect in the atmosphere. In our study, using this GWP* methodology and different modelling approaches, we first examined the historical (1990–2018) contribution of European dairy small ruminant systems to additional atmosphere warming levels and then studied different emission target scenarios for 2100. These scenarios allow us to envision the necessary reduction of GHG emissions from Europe's dairy small ruminants to achieve a stable impact on global temperatures, i.e. to be climatically neutral. Our analysis showed that, using this type of approach, the whole European sheep and goat dairy sector seems not to have contributed to additional warming in the period 1990–2018. Considering each subsector separately, increases in dairy goat production has led to some level of additional warming into the atmosphere, but these have been compensated by larger emission reductions in the dairy sheep sector. The estimations of warming for future scenarios suggest that to achieve climate neutrality, understood as not adding additional warming to the atmosphere, modest GHG reductions of sheep and goat GHG would be required (e.g. via feed additives). This reduction would be even lower if potential soil organic carbon (SOC) from associated pastures is considered.

The potential of bio-methane as bio-fuel/bio-energy for reducing greenhouse gas emissions: a qualitative assessment for Europe in a life cycle perspective

2008 ◽  
Vol 57 (11) ◽  
pp. 1683-1692 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Tilche ◽  
Michele Galatola
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Greenhouse Gas ◽  
Industrial Wastewater ◽  
Ghg Emissions ◽  
Energy Crops ◽  
Qualitative Assessment ◽  
Potential Contribution ◽  
Ghg Reduction

Anaerobic digestion is a well known process that (while still capable of showing new features) has experienced several waves of technological development. It was “born” as a wastewater treatment system, in the 1970s showed promise as an alternative energy source (in particular from animal waste), in the 1980s and later it became a standard for treating organic-matter-rich industrial wastewater, and more recently returned to the market for its energy recovery potential, making use of different biomasses, including energy crops. With the growing concern around global warming, this paper looks at the potential of anaerobic digestion in terms of reduction of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. The potential contribution of anaerobic digestion to GHG reduction has been computed for the 27 EU countries on the basis of their 2005 Kyoto declarations and using life cycle data. The theoretical potential contribution of anaerobic digestion to Kyoto and EU post-Kyoto targets has been calculated. Two different possible biogas applications have been considered: electricity production from manure waste, and upgraded methane production for light goods vehicles (from landfill biogas and municipal and industrial wastewater treatment sludges). The useful heat that can be produced as by-product from biogas conversion into electricity has not been taken into consideration, as its real exploitation depends on local conditions. Moreover the amount of biogas already produced via dedicated anaerobic digestion processes has also not been included in the calculations. Therefore the overall gains achievable would be even higher than those reported here. This exercise shows that biogas may considerably contribute to GHG emission reductions in particular if used as a biofuel. Results also show that its use as a biofuel may allow for true negative GHG emissions, showing a net advantage with respect to other biofuels. Considering also energy crops that will become available in the next few years as a result of Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) reform, this study shows that biogas has the potential of covering almost 50% of the 2020 biofuel target of 10% of all automotive transport fuels, without implying a change in land use. Moreover, considering the achievable GHG reductions, a very large carbon emission trading “value” could support the investment needs. However, those results were obtained through a “qualitative” assessment. In order to produce robust data for decision makers, a quantitative sustainability assessment should be carried out, integrating different methodologies within a life cycle framework. The identification of the most appropriate policy for promoting the best set of options is then discussed.

Biofuels carbon footprints: Whole-systems optimisation for GHG emissions reduction

2011 ◽  
Vol 102 (16) ◽  
pp. 7457-7465 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Zamboni ◽  
Richard J. Murphy ◽  
Jeremy Woods ◽  
Fabrizio Bezzo ◽  
Nilay Shah
Keyword(s):  
Ghg Emissions ◽  
Emissions Reduction ◽  
Carbon Footprints ◽  
Whole Systems

Three-Dimensional Decomposition Models for Chinese Manufacturing Subsector over 1996-2008

2013 ◽  
Vol 291-294 ◽  
pp. 3004-3013
Author(s):  
Ding Ma ◽  
Li Ning Wang ◽  
Wen Ying Chen
Keyword(s):  
Energy Intensity ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Ghg Emissions ◽  
Carbon Intensity ◽  
Emissions Reduction ◽  
Country Level ◽  
Rapid Economic Growth ◽  
Decomposition Models ◽  
Energy And Climate Policy ◽  
The Impact

At a time of increased international concern and negotiation for GHG emissions reduction, country studies on the underlying effects of GHG growth gain importance. China experienced continuous, rapid economic growth over the past. At the same time, energy consumption and CO2 emissions increased rapidly while the energy intensity and carbon intensity showed a downward trend at country level. What factors were driving this change? What measures can be adopted to ensure the continual decrease of energy intensity and carbon intensity? The refined IDA method is employed in this paper to identify the impact of each factor. A year-by-year decomposition is carried out at sector level, and various interesting results on the underlying effects are found. The results yield important hints for the planning of energy and climate policy.

scholarly journals The Innovative Technology of Hydraulic Compression and Boosting for Filling the Vehicles and Storage Systems with Natural Gas and Biomethane

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 80-93
Author(s):  
Aleksey Safronov ◽  
Julia Guzeyeva ◽  
Jevgeniy Begens ◽  
Ansis Mezulis
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Storage Systems ◽  
Ghg Emissions ◽  
Transport Sector ◽  
Innovative Technology ◽  
Emissions Reduction ◽  
Gas Network ◽  
Natural Gas Network ◽  
Natural Gas Vehicles ◽  
And Storage

AbstractThe article describes the technology of the “hydraulic piston”, as well as the studies that confirm the viability of this technology, implemented in various devices, designed to compress natural gas (CNG) and biomethane (bio-CNG), to accumulate CNG and bio-CNG, to deliver bio-CNG from the production site to the point of its injection into the natural gas network or to the vehicle fuelling stations to fill the Natural Gas Vehicles (NGV). The article presents prototypes of personal fuelling devices and mobile fuelling systems developed by Hygen Ltd. (Hygen), thereby showing the potential of the technology to contribute in the deployment of alternative fuel infrastructure and into the global GHG emissions reduction, mainly in the transport sector.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document