Unconventional Drilling and Creative Solutions Delivered World Record a Multi-Laterals Fishbone all Legs Drilled, Accessed and Stimulated First Attempt - Case Study from Kuwait

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nadir Farhi ◽  
Mohamed Ahmed Abdel Samie ◽  
Walid Saher Nouh ◽  
Hamdi Saber Ibrahim ◽  
Hadi Saad Al-Ajmi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Horizontal Drilling ◽  
Execution Phase ◽  
Multi Stage ◽  
Major Development ◽  
Creative Solutions ◽  
Tight Carbonate ◽  
Study Team ◽  
Open Hole ◽  
Long Time

Abstract Despite being the first area for oil to be found in Kuwait in mid 1930's, Bahra's oil production remained largely unexploited until 2015, when a major development campaign targeting one of its tight carbonate reservoirs through horizontal drilling and multi-stage frack completions was commissioned. Nonetheless, with the development and exploration initiatives underway, surface congestion is the primary challenge. As the number of wells increased the need for unconventional well profiles became more demanding. The multi-lateral fishbone approach was designed to have a total of four laterals with approximately 3000 ft each. Lessons learned from previous level-1 multi-laterals drilled in North Kuwait indicated that the primary challenge remained to be the ability to drill a smooth bore hole profile across the junctions to successfully re-access and stimulate all the drilled legs with coil-tubing to maximize production. Kuwaiti Operator Reservoir and study team were looking for an alternate solution to increase the production in Bahra using multi-laterals technics in the same reservoir to stimulate and sustain production in calcite reservoir. Historically only three wells were drilled experimenting challenges and failures to open hole sidetrack leading to have long time to complete the wells with maximum 3 legs as record including the mother hole. RST team asked to drill a well with 4 legs, each leg following the same azimuth with the condition to be 300 ft apart. The thorough planning exercise completed and the close follow-up to the approved design of service during execution phase resulted in the successful delivery of the first four legs fishbone in Kuwait with Zero Non-Productive Time. In addition to achieving all the geological targets, the smooth borehole profile helped ensure successful re-entry and stimulation of all four legs in the same run achieving the well challenge using the unique

Improved Efficiency of Multi-Stage Fracturing Operations: An Innovative Pressure Activated Toe Sleeve

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Feng Yuan ◽  
Chris Palmer ◽  
Eric Blanton ◽  
John Tough
Keyword(s):  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Operating Efficiency ◽  
Productive Capacity ◽  
Horizontal Drilling ◽  
Pressure Testing ◽  
Multi Stage ◽  
Fracturing Process ◽  
Open Hole ◽  
Drilling Technology ◽  
Pressure Cycle

Abstract Over the last decade productive capacity of both oil and gas from previously uneconomic North American unconventional shale resources has been dramatically enhanced due to advanced horizontal drilling technology combined with multi-stage hydraulic fracturing treatment maximizing access to productive zones. Currently two types of multi-stage fracturing completion systems are in common use: The conventional Plug-and-Perf (P-n-P) method in cased holeFrac sleeves using open hole (OH) packers or cementing to isolate multiple stages To streamline the fracturing process, a new pressure-activated toe sleeve has been developed for both methods which is run in the hole on the bottom of the completion string and actuated after two pressure applications. This sleeve isn't immediately open after the first pressure application, so casing integrity pressure testing can be conducted and pressure can also be held indefinitely to satisfy a range of regulatory requirements. As the second application of pressure is bled down, the sleeve locks open and then composite plugs for P-n-P or balls for frac sleeves can be pumped down to begin subsequent stimulation operations. This toe sleeve is especially beneficial in P-n-P completions, as an alternative to tubing conveyed perforating (TCP) to initiate pump-down operations, eliminating the initial perforation run. As a result the following features and benefits can be realized: This toe sleeve is is hydraulically actuated after two separate pressure cycles applicationsEach pressure cycle application can be held indefinitely for casing integrity pressure testing to satisfy all expected regulatory requirementsThere is no restriction on the time between two pressure applicationsIt eliminates the need for TCP perforating in the first stage of a cemented P-n-P completion at the toe of wellMultiple sleeves can be installed and activated open simultaneously at the toe of the completion stringThe toe sleeve design incorporates port areas sufficient to pump the first stimulation operation, adding an additional zone to any fracturing completion The toe sleeve is fully cement compatibleThis paper will present the operational mechanisms and a case study of the use of this unique toe sleeve which adds significant operating efficiency and lowers the cost of multi-stage fracturing with valid casing integrity pressure test.

First Worldwide Slim Coiled Tubing Logging Tractor Deployment

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laurie S. Duthie ◽  
Hussain A. Saiood ◽  
Abdulaziz A. Al-Anizi ◽  
Norman B. Moore ◽  
Carol Correia
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Electrical Power ◽  
Quality Of Data ◽  
Coiled Tubing ◽  
Creative Solutions ◽  
Electrical Submersible Pumps ◽  
Open Hole ◽  
Frictional Forces ◽  
Pulling Force ◽  
Factory Testing

Abstract Successful reservoir surveillance and production monitoring is a key component for effectively managing any field production strategy. For production logging in openhole horizontal extended reach wells (ERWs), the challenges are formidable and extensive; logging these extreme lengths in a cased hole would be difficult enough, but are considerably exaggerated in the openhole condition. A coiled tubing (CT) logging run in open hole must also contend with increased frictional forces, high dogleg severity, a quicker onset of helical buckling and early lockup. The challenge to effectively log these ERWs is further complicated by constraints in the completion where electrical submersible pumps (ESPs) are installed including a 2.4" bypass section. Although hydraulically powered coiled tubing tractors already existed, a slim CT tractor with real-time logging capabilities was not available in the market. In partnership with a specialist CT tractor manufacturer, a slim logging CT tractor was designed and built to meet the exceptional demands to pull the CT to target depth. The tractor is 100% hydraulically powered, with no electrical power allowing for uninterrupted logging during tractoring. The tractor is powered by the differential pressure from the bore of the CT to the wellbore, and is operated by a pre-set pump rate from surface. Developed to improve the low coverage in open hole ERW logging jobs, the tractor underwent extensive factory testing before being deployed to the field. The tractor was rigged up on location with the production logging tool and ran in hole. Once the coil tubing locked up, the tractor was activated and pulled the coil to cover over 90% of the open hole section delivering a pulling force of up to 3,200 lb. Real-time production logging was conducted simultaneously with the tractor activated, flowing and shut-in passes were completed to successfully capture the zonal inflow profile. Real-time logging with the tractor is logistically efficient and allows instantaneous decision making to repeat passes for improved data quality. The new slim logging tractor is the world's slimmest most compact, and the first of its kind CT tractor that enables production logging operations in horizontal extended reach open hole wells. The ability to successfully log these extended reach wells cannot be understated, reservoir simulations and management decisions can only as good as the quality of data available. Some of the advantages of drilling extended reach wells such as increased reservoir contact, reduced footprint and less wells drilled will be lost if sufficient reservoir surveillance cannot be achieved. To maximize the benefits of ERWs, creative solutions and innovative designs must continually be developed to push the boundaries further.

Healthy Caspian Experience helps Boost Drilling Performance in Turkey's Onshore UGS Project

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elchin Akbarli ◽  
Rufat Mammadbayli
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Total Duration ◽  
Gas Storage ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Drilling Performance ◽  
Execution Phase ◽  
Short Period ◽  
Continuous Application ◽  
Drilling Operations ◽  
Salt Caverns

Abstract The company is executing an underground gas storage project at an unprecedented scale. The intent of this paper is to demonstrate the execution methodology and technologies that the company employed to achieve within set deadlines and deliver the work on time and under the given budget. This paper, therefore will focus on outlining all planning, design as well as drilling & completions strategies utilized by the operating company during the execution phase. During Phase 2 of the project, the Drilling Contractor was engaged to deliver a total of 40 wells within a short period of time. These wells were planned to expand the total gas storage capacity at the Tuz Golu facility to ca. 5 bcm of natural gas stored in underground salt caverns. Tuz Golu wells are vertical with three (3) casing string wells. These land wells are big bore and commence from the installation of the 30″ conductor at a depth of 120m using a small 150-ton conductor rig. Pre-installation of conductors significantly helped accelerate the project delivery schedule. Main drilling operations commenced in January 2020. Since the structure wasn't fully explored in spite of 2D seismic work and the first phase operations, a number of wells drilled encountered no salt leading to their abandonment. As a result, the total duration of the project was consequently extended. Re-Engineering and lessons learned during execution helped deliver a successful learning curve in both drilling and completion operations. The strategy of the company to drill a well in stages of top hole, main drilling and the completion using multiple rig operations was successful, bringing an overall well time from 55 at the beginning of the project to 20 days per well. Thorough planning and design of the wells allowed the company to deliver the projects with well integrity, full suitable for gas storage operations. As a result, the project was executed on time and well within the planned budget thus delivering an excellent value to the stakeholders and main client. The Drilling Contractor has been proactive to employ this staged approach from the very beginning of the project. Irrespective of the delays the Drilling Contractor continued operations with the intermittent rig count of 4 to 8 rigs. A large scale operation demanded careful planning and continuous application of lessons learnt from the first phase which were successfully embedded and implemented.

scholarly journals A Review of Hydraulic Fracturing Simulation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bin Chen ◽  
Beatriz Ramos Barboza ◽  
Yanan Sun ◽  
Jie Bai ◽  
Hywel R Thomas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hydraulic Fracturing ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Numerical Models ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Physical Processes ◽  
Horizontal Drilling ◽  
Improve Treatment ◽  
Multi Stage ◽  
Pros And Cons ◽  
Treatment Designs

AbstractAlong with horizontal drilling techniques, multi-stage hydraulic fracturing has improved shale gas production significantly in past decades. In order to understand the mechanism of hydraulic fracturing and improve treatment designs, it is critical to conduct modelling to predict stimulated fractures. In this paper, related physical processes in hydraulic fracturing are firstly discussed and their effects on hydraulic fracturing processes are analysed. Then historical and state of the art numerical models for hydraulic fracturing are reviewed, to highlight the pros and cons of different numerical methods. Next, commercially available software for hydraulic fracturing design are discussed and key features are summarised. Finally, we draw conclusions from the previous discussions in relation to physics, method and applications and provide recommendations for further research.

Case Study on Successful Deployment of Open Hole Multi Stage Fracturing Completion at a Mature Gas Condensate Field in Pakistan

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Syed Munib Ullah Farid ◽  
Hassaan Ahmed ◽  
Shahid Hameed Mangi ◽  
Syed Dost Ali ◽  
Ijaz Ahmed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gas Condensate ◽  
Multi Stage ◽  
Open Hole

Standardization of Lightweight Structure Via Design One Build Many Solution

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Syakira Saadon ◽  
Norhazrin Azmi ◽  
Prabagar Murukesavan ◽  
Norsham Nordin ◽  
Salman Saad
Keyword(s):  
Economies Of Scale ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Scale Efficiency ◽  
Development Costs ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Execution Strategy ◽  
Small Fields ◽  
Lightweight Structure ◽  
Multiple Challenges

Abstract Petroliam Nasional Berhad (PETRONAS) is embarking on the implementation of the Design One Build Many (D1BM) concept, an integrated approach on design standardization, replication and volume consolidation for light weight fit for purpose wellhead platforms - also known as Lightweight Structure (LWS). The objective of the standardization is to enable monetization of marginal and small fields by improving project economics that are challenged with the high development costs and conventional execution schedules. Traditionally, projects are developed through a "bespoke" design which requires a specific engineering study during the Front End Loading (FEL) phase to cater for the field specific requirements. In addition, once the project has been sanctioned, it is a must to undergo tendering and bidding activities which can increase field monetization duration by four to five months. The current "bespoke" design has resulted in non-standardization, loss of opportunity for volume consolidation and ultimately longer time for field monetization. Although the Design One Build Many principles were known for a long time, but they were rather project oriented. Thus this emerging solution is a result of synthesizing multiple challenges with the goal to establish an end-to-end systematic approach in monetizing marginal and small fields by lowering development cost and monetization duration. There will be standardized sets of Base Design and a flexible Catalogue items to cater for standardized add on items. Lessons learned incorporation upon the repeated design and standardized execution strategy including Engineering, Procurement, Construction, Installation and Commissioning could also help in improving the delivery efficiency for the lightweight structure. The greater collaboration across fields and blocks will give significant added advantage through economies of scale efficiency and eventually increase in the overall project value.

Significant Performance Improvement with MPD in HPHT Narrow Drilling Window Campaign in the North Sea

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Babar Kamal ◽  
Abdul Saboor ◽  
Graeme MacFarlane ◽  
Frank Kernche
Keyword(s):  
Precise Determination ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Overburden Pressure ◽  
The North ◽  
Fracture Pressure ◽  
Open Hole ◽  
Infill Drilling ◽  
Significant Performance ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Formation Pore Pressure

Abstract Significant depletion in reservoir pressure, huge uncertainties in pore and fracture pressure, high overburden pressure on top of reservoir, Narrow Mud Weight Window (NMWW) and Partial/Total losses whilst entering the reservoir made these HPHT (High Pressure High Temperature) wells conventionally un-drillable. Due to these substantial challenges these wells were considered not only costly but also carry a high probability of failure to reach well TD (Total Depth). MPD (Managed Pressure Drilling) is a safer and more effective drilling technique as compared to conventional drilling, especially in wells with NMWW and downhole hazards. The precise determination and dynamic downhole pressure management was imperative to complete these wells without well control incidents. The Constant Bottom Hole Pressure (CBHP) variant in combination of automated MPD system was deployed with a mud weight statically underbalanced while dynamically managed above formation pore pressure to minimize the overbalance across the open hole. MPD enabled the operator to efficiently navigate Equivalent Circulation Density (ECD) through the pore and fracture pressure window, allowed significant improvements throughout the entire campaign. This paper discusses the challenges faced during the last three wells drilled in the campaign which includes equipment issues, commissioning delays, losses whilst drilling, Managed Pressure Cementing (MPC), 7" drill-in-liner and plugged/blocked lines due to weather and mud conditions. The paper describes HPHT infill drilling experience, specific techniques, practices as well as lessons learned from each well during the campaign were implemented to address challenges and to improve performance. The MPD system commissioning was optimized by repositioning the lines which saved significant critical rig time. The blowdown points were added on the lines that were not operational continuously therefore a procedure was developed for flushing to avoid plugging. Optimized drilling strategy was also developed where MW was further reduced to avoid losses as observed in previous wells and CBHP was maintained by manipulating Surface Back Pressure (SBP) from surface. This paper also discusses continuous improvements /upgrades in MPD operating software which assisted the operator in accurate monitoring of flow, SBP and BH-ECD to save significant rig cost in terms of invisible Non-Productive Time (NPT). MPD is a drilling enabler and performance enhancer which saved 80 days of Authorization for Expenditure (AFE) on this challenging HPHT campaign.

Improved DTS profiling model for horizontal gas wells completed with the open-hole multi-stage fracturing system

2020 ◽  
Vol 84 ◽  
pp. 103642
Author(s):  
Weibo Sui ◽  
Di Zhang ◽  
Si Cheng ◽  
Qilin Zou ◽  
Xiaosong Fu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gas Wells ◽  
Multi Stage ◽  
Open Hole
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