Significant Performance Improvement with MPD in HPHT Narrow Drilling Window Campaign in the North Sea

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Babar Kamal ◽  
Abdul Saboor ◽  
Graeme MacFarlane ◽  
Frank Kernche
Keyword(s):  
Precise Determination ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Overburden Pressure ◽  
The North ◽  
Fracture Pressure ◽  
Open Hole ◽  
Infill Drilling ◽  
Significant Performance ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Formation Pore Pressure

Abstract Significant depletion in reservoir pressure, huge uncertainties in pore and fracture pressure, high overburden pressure on top of reservoir, Narrow Mud Weight Window (NMWW) and Partial/Total losses whilst entering the reservoir made these HPHT (High Pressure High Temperature) wells conventionally un-drillable. Due to these substantial challenges these wells were considered not only costly but also carry a high probability of failure to reach well TD (Total Depth). MPD (Managed Pressure Drilling) is a safer and more effective drilling technique as compared to conventional drilling, especially in wells with NMWW and downhole hazards. The precise determination and dynamic downhole pressure management was imperative to complete these wells without well control incidents. The Constant Bottom Hole Pressure (CBHP) variant in combination of automated MPD system was deployed with a mud weight statically underbalanced while dynamically managed above formation pore pressure to minimize the overbalance across the open hole. MPD enabled the operator to efficiently navigate Equivalent Circulation Density (ECD) through the pore and fracture pressure window, allowed significant improvements throughout the entire campaign. This paper discusses the challenges faced during the last three wells drilled in the campaign which includes equipment issues, commissioning delays, losses whilst drilling, Managed Pressure Cementing (MPC), 7" drill-in-liner and plugged/blocked lines due to weather and mud conditions. The paper describes HPHT infill drilling experience, specific techniques, practices as well as lessons learned from each well during the campaign were implemented to address challenges and to improve performance. The MPD system commissioning was optimized by repositioning the lines which saved significant critical rig time. The blowdown points were added on the lines that were not operational continuously therefore a procedure was developed for flushing to avoid plugging. Optimized drilling strategy was also developed where MW was further reduced to avoid losses as observed in previous wells and CBHP was maintained by manipulating Surface Back Pressure (SBP) from surface. This paper also discusses continuous improvements /upgrades in MPD operating software which assisted the operator in accurate monitoring of flow, SBP and BH-ECD to save significant rig cost in terms of invisible Non-Productive Time (NPT). MPD is a drilling enabler and performance enhancer which saved 80 days of Authorization for Expenditure (AFE) on this challenging HPHT campaign.

An Integrated Approach to Map Tubular Degradation in ONWJ Field

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Sajjad
Keyword(s):  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Field Performance ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Oil And Gas Fields ◽  
Preventive Actions ◽  
Infill Drilling ◽  
Actual Field ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Gas Fields

Tubular engineering is essential for production operations, especially in mature oil and gas fields. The complex interaction between hydrocarbon and non-hydrocarbon components will eventually result in tubulars deteriorating into poor condition and performance. 1500 well examples are located in field X, Indonesia, in which 70% of them have been producing for more than 30 years, indicating the existence of tubular thinning and deformation. The degradation is slowly developed until severe alterations are observed on the tubing body. The situation from the aforementioned wells is complicated since tubular deformation inhibits the flow as well as increasing the risk of wellbore collapse and complications during sidetracking, infill drilling, workover, and other production enhancement measures. These wells are subjected to costly remedial measures and often result in unsuccessful recovery efforts. The authors present the degree of tubular degradation and its effect to overall field performance and the possibility of tubular failure. Current field practices do not encourage a thorough tubular assessment during early life of the wells, which create complex problems at a later stage. Eventually, the study indicates that proper planning and preventive actions should be performed gradually before tubular degradation becomes severe. This paper presents a field experience-based model that is useful in developing new areas from the perspective of well and facilities integrity, so that the degradation-related issues can be recognized earlier. We used multiple case studies with actual field data to identify the dominant mechanism for tubular degradation. The case study presented a model that is capable to describe the extent of tubular degradation in offshore, mature wells that are prone to stress from its surroundings. Lessons learned from these failures encourages us to conduct a comprehensive study on tubular degradation. It is performed to model the incorporation of multiple degradation mechanisms on tubular performance.

Open-Hole Completion Based Mechanical Diversion of Acid/Chemical Stimulation Operations: Design, Deployment and Field Trial Results

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. I. Carvajal ◽  
Y.. Caline ◽  
M.. Rylance ◽  
K.. Rice ◽  
J.. Waters ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Field Trial ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Chemical Stimulation ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
The North ◽  
Novel Technology ◽  
Austin Chalk ◽  
Open Hole ◽  
The North Sea ◽  
Efficient Distribution

Abstract The ubiquitous challenge that is faced by chemical stimulation techniques, of any kind, has always been achieving an economic and efficient distribution of the stimulation solution across the exposed reservoir interval. Many have approached this problem from a chemical perspective and others from the use of additives for mechanical diversion; however the very nature of stimulation itself means that a changing injection profile will make efficient diversion by such techniques uncertain and unpredictable. Instead, rather than relying on serendipitous deployment techniques, the approach described and reported here places true mechanical diversion as part of the well construction process. This paper will completely describe the process and achievements to date, including successful application in a number of horizontal wells completed in the Austin Chalk, as part of an overall deployment plan. Essentially, this new completion system comprises of multiple pressure actuated assemblies, distributed along the liner/casing. These assemblies, when activated, allow the lateral deployment of forty-foot needles, radially distributed at ninety-degree phasing around the casing, into the unstimulated reservoir. These subs can be precisely located across pre-selected intervals and thereby provide certainty of acid treatment distribution. The acid is pumped through the needles themselves during stimulation; however production takes place through a suite of ports. A bespoke debris basket may be run, after the stimulation treatment, in order to recover a suite of needle deployment indicators. This run, if performed, effectively establishes the success of the deployment. In order to demonstrate the concept and avoid the high-cost environment of the North Sea, a low cost field trial location was sought and identified. An Austin chalk operator was looked for that had an extensive horizontal candidate well set available for re-completion in open-hole. A number of candidate wells were then identified and the wells were recompleted and stimulated with this new system. This paper will present the entire suite of data related to these deployments, stimulation operations, lessons learned, production impact and potential. This novel technology was greatly assisted, supported and delivered via the Joint Chalk Research (JCR) council, comprising of some ten operating companies that encourage, fund and drive the development of carbonate completion and stimulation solutions.

Application of formation pressure while drilling in Australia: North West Shelf examples

2009 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 568
Author(s):  
Dmitry Molohkov ◽  
Andy Pietsch ◽  
Jack Harfoushian ◽  
Shahid Azizul Haq
Keyword(s):  
Drill Pipe ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Formation Pressure ◽  
Well Control ◽  
North West ◽  
Service Companies ◽  
The North ◽  
Essential Input ◽  
Formation Pore Pressure

Since its introduction in the 1950s, the point-by-point wireline formation pressure measurement technique has been successfully used for formation evaluation and reservoir management, and has been an essential input into reservoir models. In exploration and appraisal wells, where depletion has not yet affected the reservoir, vertical pressure profiling can be used for fluid gradient determination that may be interpreted in terms of fluid densities and contacts. In a dynamic producing environment pressure measurements can help to identify vertical and horizontal boundaries and communication. Measurement of pressure distribution along the borehole was historically done with wireline instruments or, in difficult logging conditions, with wireline instruments conveyed by drill pipe. In some environments, especially in highly deviated and S-shaped wells or unconsolidated formations, drill pipe conveyance of wireline formation pressure testers introduces significant operational risk. Formation Pressure While Drilling (FPWD), introduced in 2003, offers a new cost-effective solution for gathering formation pressure data. FPWD is a new method to directly measure formation pore pressure as the well is being drilled, extending its application beyond traditional fluid typing, contacts and compartmentalisation determination to well control and drilling optimisation. The market for FPWD is developing rapidly with all major service companies providing their own implementations of the technology. The next step in the evolution of FPWD technology—sampling while drilling—is not commercially available yet, but this is just a matter of time. The case history presented in this extended abstract is an example of the application and lessons learned from the FPWD service used in one of the oil fields on the North West Shelf, Australia.

Lessons Learned from Analyzing the Runlife Statistics of ESPs Using Kaplan Meier Analysis for North American Unconventional Plays

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chris Bryan ◽  
Ehsaan Nasir
Keyword(s):  
Survival Analysis ◽  
North American ◽  
Survival Curve ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
The North ◽  
Well Design ◽  
Incomplete Observations ◽  
Kaplan Meier ◽  
And Performance

Abstract Evaluating Electrical Submersible Pumps (ESPs) [SS1] [NA2] run-lives and performance in unconventional well environments is challenging due to many different factors -including the reservoir, well design, and production fluids. Moreover, reviewing the run-lives of ESPs in a field can be rather complex since the run-life data is incomplete. Often ESPs are pulled while they are still operational, or the ESP has not been allowed to run until failure. These are some of the complications that arise when gauging ESP performance. A large dataset of ESP installs was assessed using Kaplan-Meier survival analysis for the North American unconventional application to better understand those factors that may affect ESP run lives. The factors were studied including but are not limited to the following: Basin and producing formation Comparing different ESP component types such pumps and motors, and new or used ESP components Completion intensity of the frac job (lb/ft of proppant) Kaplan-Meier survival analysis is one of the commonly used methods to measure the fraction or probability of group survival after certain time periods because it accounts for incomplete observations. Using Kaplan-Meier analysis generates a survival curve to show a declining fraction of surviving ESPs over time. Survival curves can be compared by segmenting the runlife data into buckets (based on different factors), therefore to analyze the statistical significance of each and how they affect ESP survivability. Kaplan-Meier analysis was performed on the aforementioned dataset to answer these questions in order to better understand the factors that affect ESP runlives in North American unconventional plays. This work uses a unique dataset that encompasses several different ESP designs, with the ESPs installed in different North American plays. The observations and conclusions drawn from it, by applying survival analysis, can help in benchmarking ESP runtimes and identifying what works in terms of prolonging ESP runlife. The workflow is also applicable to any asset in order to better understand the drivers behind ESP runlife performance.

Piper Alpha and the Evolution of Inherently Safe Design and Integrity Management: An Overview of Interpretations and Lessons Learned

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Binder Singh ◽  
Paul Jukes ◽  
Bob Wittkower ◽  
Ben Poblete
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
North Sea ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Monitoring And Control ◽  
Related Case ◽  
The North ◽  
Modes Of Failure ◽  
Integrity Management ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The Uk

The development of Inherently Safe Design, Corrosion and Integrity Management as a genuine combined engineering discipline has evolved largely over the past 30 years or so, with significant acceleration and urgency after the Piper Alpha offshore disaster in the North Sea in 1988. The concepts and practices have matured with many significant changes implemented across the world offshore regions. Even after more than 20 years, the emanating point for sweeping changes has been the Cullen Report and the UK North Sea industry. This paper offers an interpretation of the early and later lessons learned, as applicable and relevant to deepwater and by analogy arctic offshore assets and pipelines, whereupon conditions are harsh and accessibility very limited. The particular focus is on the so called ‘secondary tier’ points related to materials performance, corrosion, and integrity; the understanding monitoring and control of such matters and failures can be critical in reconstituting integrity, if pragmatic life cycle safety and performance are to be recognized. It is argued that modes of failure such as those related to loss of material properties, corrosion, erosion, environmental cracking, and other degradation phenomena, have become far more critical in deepwater and arctic projects. This is mainly due to repair, retrofit, or re-habilitation being invariably far too costly if not virtually impossible in practice. The authors’ use career wide experiences post Piper Alpha to highlight the worries and concerns offering rational pragmatic solutions, illustrated through related case histories. Conclusions and recommendations are based on predictions, interpretations, and viable solutions. Additionally, industry disconnects between technology transfer under this tutelage are identified. The new methods of ‘concurrent design’ and inherently safe design are discussed, and in the context of mechanical, materials, and corrosion engineering advances are related to the use of Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) and Key Failure Indicators (KFIs), for best life cycle integrity and knowledge management. This approach is considered very important for deepwater and arctic assets where ‘surprise’ failures, environmental and political ‘snafus’ are not really an option, and thus more purposeful design investment at CAPEX is vital rather than at OPEX, and the ‘gray’ zone between the two cost centers must be therefore be better reconciled, perhaps it is argued through the concept of an extended CAPEX.

Analysis of the ways of improvement of Ukraine – NATO cooperation on cybersecurity issues

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 11-15
Author(s):  
Volodymyr Shypovskyi ◽  
Volodymyr Cherneha ◽  
Serhiy Marchenkov
Keyword(s):  
Political Parties ◽  
North Atlantic ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Cyber Warfare ◽  
The North ◽  
Collective Defense ◽  
Cyber Space ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Modern Warfare ◽  
E Mail

Recent events in Ukraine have shown that, along with the advancement of information technology, methods of conducting modern warfare are being enhanced. Cyberspace is deliberately used by the Russian Federation to commit cyber warfare against Ukraine. Therefore, in order to address their influence effectively, it is important not only successfully deal with its consequences but also to foresee the potential adversaryʼs actions by analyzing their previous operations and incorporating the lessons learned by other countries. Across the globe, including Ukraine, the issue of information security and cyberattacks has become exceedingly urgent. Everybody is aware of the ongoing attacks on information networks of various government agencies and energy firms, cyberattacks on e-mail networks of political parties and organizations around the world. Likewise, despite the steadily growing numbers, cyberattack cases against the individuals and private businesses are not reported as widely as they occur. As a result, The North Atlantic Alliance countries began tackling the issue of cyberthreats much earlier than Ukraine. Consequently, NATO and its allies rely on powerful and robust cyber defenses to ensure the Alliance's core tasks of collective defense. The article discusses methods and strategies for providing cyber defense in NATO member states and recommends ways to increase the level of protection in the state's cyber space, as part of Ukraineʼs national security and defense domain.

scholarly journals Good Character at College: The Combined Role of Second-Order Character Strength Factors and Phronesis Motivation in Undergraduate Academic Outcomes

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (16) ◽  
pp. 8263
Author(s):  
Jorge L. Villacís ◽  
Jesús de la Fuente ◽  
Concepción Naval
Keyword(s):  
Academic Outcomes ◽  
Academic Engagement ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Character Strength ◽  
The North ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Relevance Measure ◽  
North Of Spain

A renewed interest in the study of character and virtue has recently emerged in the fields of Education and Psychology. The latest research has confirmed the association between virtuous consistent behaviours and academic positive outcomes. However, the motivational dimension of character (the intentions underlying the patterns of observed behaviours) has received little attention. This research aims to extend the knowledge on this topic by examining the predictive relationships between the behavioural and motivational dimensions of character, with reference to academic engagement, career self-doubt and performance of Spanish university students. A total of 183 undergraduates aged 18–30 (142 of whom were women) from the north of Spain completed specific parts of self-report questionnaires, including the Values in Action VIA-72, a Spanish translated and validated version of the Moral Self-Relevance Measure MSR, and the Utrecht Work Engagement Student Scale UWES-S9. The collected data were analysed using Structural Equation Modelling. The behavioural dimension of character (character strength factors of caring, self-control and inquisitiveness) showed positive associations with academic engagement and performance. The motivational dimension of character (phronesis motivation), was negatively related to career self-doubt. For the first time, the present study has provided support for the contribution of both dimensions of character to undergraduate academic outcomes.

Compositional and Performance Mapping in Computer Chamber Music: A Case Study

2014 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 64-75 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric Lyon ◽  
R. Benjamin Knapp ◽  
Gascia Ouzounian
Keyword(s):  
Chamber Music ◽  
Musical Instruments ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Mapping Problem ◽  
Software Interfaces ◽  
Digital Synthesis ◽  
The Rich ◽  
Physical Gestures ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Musical Interaction

The mapping problem is inherent to digital musical instruments (DMIs), which require, at the very least, an association between physical gestures and digital synthesis algorithms to transform human bodily performance into sound. This article considers the DMI mapping problem in the context of the creation and performance of a heterogeneous computer chamber music piece, a trio for violin, biosensors, and computer. Our discussion situates the DMI mapping problem within the broader set of interdependent musical interaction issues that surfaced during the composition and rehearsal of the trio. Through descriptions of the development of the piece, development of the hardware and software interfaces, lessons learned through rehearsal, and self-reporting by the participants, the rich musical possibilities and technical challenges of the integration of digital musical instruments into computer chamber music are demonstrated.

Fuzzy System for DOA Estimation of Coherent Signals

2013 ◽  
Vol 427-429 ◽  
pp. 575-581
Author(s):  
Ya Ling Chen ◽  
Chien Chou Lin
Keyword(s):  
Fuzzy System ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Expert Knowledge ◽  
Doa Estimation ◽  
Coherent Signals ◽  
Fuzzy Logic Systems ◽  
Significant Performance ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Low Sensitivity ◽  
Resolution Estimation

This paper presents an efficient direction-of-arrival (DOA) Estimator for dealing with coherent signals. The empirical results show that significant performance degradation occurs when coherent signals coexist. Therefore, an utilizes the low sensitivity of Bartlett algorithm in estimation of DOAs for coherent signals to yield a low-resolution estimation of DOAs as initial search angle and uses fuzzy logic systems with incorporating expert knowledge to improve the resolution and performance of estimation of DOAs in coherent signals environment. Finally, numerical example was analyzed to illustrate high performance of the proposed method and to confirm the designed procedure.

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