scholarly journals Socio-demographic factors associated with early sexual experience among South African female youth

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ololade Julius Baruwa ◽  
Acheampong Yaw Amoateng
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
South African ◽  
Sexual Experience ◽  
Demographic Factors ◽  
Population Group ◽  
Sexual Experiences ◽  
Female Youth ◽  
Unintended Pregnancies ◽  
Hazard Risk ◽  
Socio Demographic Factors

Abstract Early sexual experiences affect the sexual and reproductive health of young persons because they put them at the risk of risky sexual behaviours including multiple sexual partners and inconsistent condom use. As a consequence, early sexual experiences increase the risk of unintended pregnancies and STIs, including HIV/AIDS. There has been limited research on the prevalence and socio-demographic determinants of early sexual experience in South Africa. Thus, this study aimed to fill the void by assessing the socio-demographic factors that are associated with early sexual experience among South African female youth using the 2016 South Africa Demographic and Health Survey (SADHS). Results showed that female youth with secondary (HR: 0.69, CI: 0.61-0.77) and higher (HR: 0.47, CI: 0.41-0.54) education had lower hazard risk of early sexual experience compared to those who had no education and primary education. Female youth between the ages of 25-34 (HR: 0.70, CI: 0.65-0.74) had hazard lower risk of early sexual experience compared to those from poor wealth index. Belonging to “other” population group reduced the hazard risk of early sexual experience among female youth compared to those belonging to African population group (HR: 0.87, CI: 0.77-0.98). Programs should target high-risk groups to delay early sexual initiation.

scholarly journals Factors associated with unintended pregnancy among women attending a public health facility in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa

2018 ◽  
Vol 60 (3) ◽  
pp. 50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Firoza Haffejee ◽  
Laura O’Connor ◽  
Nalini Govender ◽  
Poovendhree Reddy ◽  
Maureen Nokuthula Sibiya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
South African ◽  
Unintended Pregnancy ◽  
Demographic Factors ◽  
African Women ◽  
Categorical Variables ◽  
Antenatal Visit ◽  
Unintended Pregnancies ◽  
Kwazulu Natal ◽  
South African Women

Background: Across the globe a large proportion of pregnancies have been reported as unintended. There are no available reports from South Africa concerning the prevalence of unintended pregnancies. This study explored the prevalence of unintended pregnancies among South African women attending a public primary health care (PHC) clinic in KwaZulu-Natal (KZN), South Africa. It also investigated the relationship between demographic factors, contraceptive use, substance abuse and unintended pregnancy in this setting.Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional survey was conducted among patients (n = 328) attending a PHC clinic. Participants were recruited by convenience sampling. Women who attended the clinic on their first antenatal visit were invited to participate. Participants filled out questionnaires in either English or isiZulu. Association between pregnancy and categorical variables was assessed.Results: Participants were mostly single (89.9%; n = 267), unemployed (70.8%; n = 222) with a monthly income of less than R 1 500 per month (63.8%; n = 81). Two-thirds of the women (64.33%; n = 211) had unintended pregnancies. There was a significant relationship between marital status and unintended pregnancy. Women who were married or living with their partners were more likely to have planned their pregnancies as compared with those who were single or divorced. Unemployed women were more likely to have had unintended pregnancies. No other socio-demographic factors were linked to unintended pregnancy.Conclusion: It is concluded that in this population of South African women with low education levels and low income, the prevalence of unintended pregnancies is high. These unintended pregnancies are linked to single status as well as unemployment.

Revisiting Poverty, Human Development and Inequality in Democratic South Africa

2021 ◽  
pp. 097370302110329
Author(s):  
Vusi Gumede
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Human Development ◽  
South African ◽  
Measurement Techniques ◽  
National Income ◽  
Population Group ◽  
Poverty Dynamics ◽  
The South ◽  
South African Society ◽  
Multidimensional Poverty Index

There are many questions related to poverty in South Africa that remain unsatisfactorily answered. Given the poor performance of the South African economy, including declining per capita incomes and increasing unemployment, since 2010 or so, it is important to examine poverty dynamics in the recent years. Many recent studies in this regard have relied on 2015 data, and do not examine all the three interrelated aspects of wellbeing viz. poverty, human development and inequality. In this context, this paper uses all the five waves of the National Income Dynamics Study and employs different poverty and inequality measurement techniques to investigate poverty dynamics, human development and inequality during the post-apartheid period in South Africa. The estimates suggest that although poverty was declining prior to the coronavirus pandemic, the African/Black population group is the most affected by poverty. The phenomenon of feminisation of poverty is also verified based on the evidence of increasingly more women in poverty than men. The proportion of population experiencing multiple deprivations, measured by the Multidimensional Poverty Index, have not changed in the post-apartheid period. Similarly, human development has not improved during this period. South African society continues to be one of the most unequal societies in the world. The paper argues that the inability to sufficiently reduce poverty, unemployment and inequality results from the weak performance of the South African economy. In the same vein, it is the structure of the South African economy that has kept the levels of human development low and income inequality high.

scholarly journals Methodology and Baseline Results From the Evaluation of a Sexuality Education Activity in Mpumalanga and KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa

2018 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 152-168 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ilene S. Speizer ◽  
Mahua Mandal ◽  
Khou Xiong ◽  
Aiko Hattori ◽  
Ndinda Makina-Zimalirana ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
At Risk ◽  
Sexuality Education ◽  
Basic Education ◽  
Sexual Experience ◽  
Scale Up ◽  
Household Level ◽  
Life Orientation ◽  
Unintended Pregnancies ◽  
The Government

In South Africa, adolescents and young adults (ages 15–24) are at risk of HIV, sexually transmitted infections, and unintended pregnancies. Recently, the Department of Basic Education has revised its sexuality education content and teaching strategies (using scripted lessons plans) as part of its life orientation curriculum. This paper presents the methodology and baseline results from the evaluation of the scripted lesson plans and supporting activities. A rigorous cluster-level randomized design with random assignment of schools as clusters is used for the evaluation. Baseline results from grade 8 female and male learners and grade 10 female learners demonstrate that learners are at risk of HIV and early and unintended pregnancies. Multivariable analyses demonstrate that household-level food insecurity and living with an HIV-positive person are associated with sexual experience and pregnancy experience. Implications are discussed for strengthening the current life orientation program for future scale-up by the government of South Africa.

Consumer Journeys of Adolescent Girls and Young Women in South Africa: Implications for Marketing HIV Prevention Products

2021 ◽  
pp. 152450042110309
Author(s):  
Michelle Dugas ◽  
Kenyon Crowley ◽  
Guodong (Gordon) Gao ◽  
Lorcan McHarry ◽  
Louise Kenmuir ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Hiv Prevention ◽  
South African ◽  
Health Beliefs ◽  
Adolescent Girls ◽  
Young Women ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Sexual Experience ◽  
Personal Hygiene ◽  
Consumer Journeys

Background: Female-initiated prevention products could reduce HIV infection rates in contexts with pronounced gender inequality like South Africa, but uptake and adherence remain low when available. Insights into the behavior of target consumers are needed to effectively promote these products; however, perceptions of stigma may discourage honest reporting. Focus of the Article: To address this need, we examined differences among the consumer journeys of six segments of South African adolescent girls and young women (AGYW), who vary on sexual health beliefs, sexual experience, and self-enhancement, when buying hygiene products. Research Question: We hypothesized that segments would differ in what motivated their purchases and in engagement with different touchpoints, reflecting a need for targeted outreach strategies. Methods: 1,500 low-income, Black South African AGYW (14–25 years of age) were surveyed face-to-face in their homes about their consumer journeys when purchasing deodorant and sanitary products, with the aim of extending the insights obtained to HIV prevention. Results: We found notable similarities across segments but also several important differences underscoring the potential for tailored marketing of HIV prevention products. Among some of the segments, differences were found in prepurchase mindsets and touchpoints, retail and brand drivers, and postpurchase feelings. Recommendations for Research or Practice: These findings highlight the need for tailored outreach among AGYW and may inform the design of effective, personalized marketing strategies that enhance the appeal of HIV prevention products. Limitations: To circumvent potential stigma associated with HIV, survey questions were anchored on personal hygiene products. While this may encourage greater honesty, findings may not fully generalize to HIV prevention products.

scholarly journals Mapping the Burden of Hypertension in South Africa: A Comparative Analysis of the National 2012 SANHANES and the 2016 Demographic and Health Survey

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (10) ◽  
pp. 5445
Author(s):  
Ngianga-Bakwin Kandala ◽  
Chibuzor Christopher Nnanatu ◽  
Natisha Dukhi ◽  
Ronel Sewpaul ◽  
Adlai Davids ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
South African ◽  
Health Survey ◽  
Geographical Location ◽  
Population Group ◽  
Demographic And Health Survey ◽  
Blood Cholesterol ◽  
The South ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Hypertension Prevalence

This study investigates the provincial variation in hypertension prevalence in South Africa in 2012 and 2016, adjusting for individual level demographic, behavioural and socio-economic variables, while allowing for spatial autocorrelation and adjusting simultaneously for the hierarchical data structure and risk factors. Data were analysed from participants aged ≥15 years from the South African National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (SANHANES) 2012 and the South African Demographic and Health Survey (DHS) 2016. Hypertension was defined as blood pressure ≥ 140/90 mmHg or self-reported health professional diagnosis or on antihypertensive medication. Bayesian geo-additive regression modelling investigated the association of various socio-economic factors on the prevalence of hypertension across South Africa’s nine provinces while controlling for the latent effects of geographical location. Hypertension prevalence was 38.4% in the SANHANES in 2012 and 48.2% in the DHS in 2016. The risk of hypertension was significantly high in KwaZulu-Natal and Mpumalanga in the 2016 DHS, despite being previously nonsignificant in the SANHANES 2012. In both survey years, hypertension was significantly higher among males, the coloured population group, urban participants and those with self-reported high blood cholesterol. The odds of hypertension increased non-linearly with age, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference. The findings can inform decision making regarding the allocation of public resources to the most affected areas of the population.

scholarly journals Emergency contraception for the South African healthcare professional

2020 ◽  
pp. 155-159
Author(s):  
J Markram
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Healthcare Professional ◽  
Health System ◽  
South African ◽  
Teenage Pregnancy ◽  
Emergency Contraception ◽  
Common Knowledge ◽  
Unintended Pregnancies ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Very High

Unintended pregnancies are very common and it is estimated that almost 45% of all pregnancies in 2011 in the USA were not planned. In South Africa the situation could even be worse as it is common knowledge that we have a very high teenage pregnancy rate. It puts the already overburdened health system under enormous pressure.

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