scholarly journals Age disparities in unmet need for contraception among all sexually active women in Colombia: an analysis of the 2015 Demographic Health Survey

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sharon Sánchez-Franco ◽  
Catalina González-Uribe
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Health ◽  
Health Survey ◽  
Health Care Services ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Unmet Need ◽  
Social Determinant ◽  
Sexually Active ◽  
Unintended Pregnancies ◽  
Age Disparities ◽  
Unmet Need For Contraception

Abstract Background Unmet need for contraception increases unintended pregnancies and puts the health and reproductive rights of women at risk. Social determinants are associated with unmet need for contraception, but it is unclear if age is a social determinant of disparities in reproductive health-related outcomes in all Colombian women irrespective of marital status.Methods This study used the 2015 Colombian Demographic and Health Survey. The outcome of interest was the unmet need for contraception among 24,245 sexually active women aged 13-49. Age was associated with unmet need for contraception in Colombia through multivariate analysis. Absolute and relative inequalities were estimated using prevalence differences and odds ratios, respectively.Results The prevalence of unmet need was significantly higher in women in marital union aged 13 to 19 years old (19.8%), than their unmarried counterparts (16.8%), and all older age groups either married or unmarried. Women 13 to 19 years old [OR=2.98 (2.49-3.57)] and 20-29 year old [OR=1.71(1.48-1.97)] are more likely to have an unmet need for contraception than those 40-49-year-old.Conclusions Age disparities are barriers to attaining the Sustainable Development Goals for sexual and reproductive health. Cultural, social, and access barriers demand to tailor health care services to meet the needs of younger women to narrow the age gap.

Contraception

2020 ◽  
pp. 665-677
Author(s):  
Zephne M. van der Spuy ◽  
Petrus S. Steyn
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Health ◽  
Unplanned Pregnancy ◽  
Unmet Need ◽  
Eligibility Criteria ◽  
Development Goal ◽  
Contraceptive Counselling ◽  
Unintended Pregnancies ◽  
Contraceptive Service ◽  
Effective Contraception ◽  
Health Organization

Effective contraception is central to reproductive health and unintended pregnancies have a major negative impact on both maternal and child health. It is recognized that there is a global unmet need for effective contraception and often the unplanned pregnancy is terminated, sometimes by unsafe practices. There is recognition of the importance of accessible, effective fertility regulation both in the Millennium Development Goal 5b and now in Sustainable Development Goal 3. It is hoped that contraceptive provision will be expanded and made accessible to many women who previously were not able to address their fertility needs. The World Health Organization offers input and excellent clinical advice through the Medical Eligibility Criteria for contraceptive use which are regularly updated. It is recommended that these should be adapted for local use where appropriate. An understanding of the success of contraceptive methods with typical rather than perfect use is central to advising women and their partners on their contraceptive options. Attention to women with special needs such as those with medical disorders, young women, and women living with HIV must be central to any contraceptive service. Counselling should include discussing the risks and benefits of appropriate methods, the availability of emergency contraception, and the ongoing access to contraceptive counselling and reproductive health services. The aim of contraceptive service provision is to avoid unintended pregnancies and ensure that women feel empowered in the choices they make. Services providers are encouraged to provide a spectrum of contraceptive options which are accessible and acceptable to all clients.

TRACKING CHANGES IN STATES OF CONTRACEPTIVE USE OVER TIME IN SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA THROUGH COHORT AND PERIOD ANALYSES

2014 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 329-344 ◽  
Author(s):  
ELIZABETH LEAHY MADSEN ◽  
BERNICE KUANG ◽  
JOHN ROSS
Keyword(s):  
Contraceptive Use ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Unmet Need ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Younger Women ◽  
Health Survey Data ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Representative Samples ◽  
Unmet Need For Contraception

SummaryIt is difficult to gauge the success of programmatic efforts to reduce unmet need for contraception without knowing whether individual women have had their need met and adopted contraception. However, the number of true longitudinal datasets tracking the transition of panels of individual women in and out of states of contraceptive use is limited. This study analyses changes in contraceptive use states using Demographic and Health Survey data for 22 sub-Saharan African countries. A cohort approach, tracking representative samples of five-year age groups longitudinally across surveys, as well as period-based techniques, are applied to indicate whether new users of contraception have been drawn from women who previously had no need and/or those who had unmet need for family planning. The results suggest that a greater proportion of increases in contraceptive use in recent years can be attributed to decreases in the percentage of women with no need, especially among younger women, than to decreases in the proportion with unmet need.

scholarly journals Factors Associated with an Unmet Need for Contraception in the United States, 2002-2017

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph Molitoris
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Unwanted Pregnancy ◽  
Unmet Need ◽  
The United States ◽  
Modern Method ◽  
Sexually Active ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Unmet Need For Contraception

This study investigates the association between individual-level characteristics and the risk of having an unmet need for contraception in the United States between 2002 and 2017 for women who were sexually active, not pregnant or postpartum, fecund, and wanted no more children. Using data from the National Survey of Family Growth, logistic regression models are used to estimate the association between demographic, socioeconomic, and reproductive characteristics and the probability of having an unmet need for any contraception and for modern methods. The results show that 6.8% of the women at risk did not use any form of contraception and 12.1% did not use any modern method. Women who were black, Catholic, insured by Medicaid or uninsured, nulliparous, and who had not used contraception at their first sex had the greatest odds of having an unmet need, suggesting that specific groups are disproportionately vulnerable to unwanted pregnancy in the United States.

scholarly journals Unmet Need for Family Planning Among Married Women in Zambia: Lessons from the 2018 Demographic and Health Survey

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harriet Namukoko ◽  
Rosemary Ndonyo Likwa ◽  
Twaambo E. Hamoonga ◽  
Million Phiri
Keyword(s):  
Family Planning ◽  
Health Survey ◽  
Unmet Need ◽  
Household Wealth ◽  
Married Women ◽  
Demographic And Health Survey ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Unintended Pregnancies

Abstract Introduction: Unmet need for family planning among married women is still high in Africa. In the year 2018, one in every five married women in Zambia had an unmet need for family planning. Unmet need for family planning can increase the number of unintended pregnancies and abortions, both of which have the potential to increase the proportion of women of child bearing age who are at high risk of birth complications. Studies have shown that factors explaining unmet need for family planning vary significantly from country to country, depending on access and availability of family planning services for women. We conducted this study to understand the determinants of unmet need for family planning in Zambia. Knowledge of factors associated with unmet need for family planning can help governments and stakeholders to identify health strategies to reduce unwanted fertility and prevent maternal and child mortality.Methods: The study used datasets from the Zambia Demographic and Health Survey which was a representative cross-sectional survey conducted in 2018. Zambia conducted a Demographic and Health to capture health indicators which are used to measure progress of implementation of health sector interventions. We did analysis on a sample of 7, 597 married women aged 15-49 years. Chi-square test and multivariate logistic regression were used to analyse determinants of unmet need for family planning. Stata version 14.2 was used to analyse weighted data and survey commands were applied to account for the complex sample design. Results: Study findings have revealed that half of the married women were still not using contraception by 2018. Unmet need for family planning among married women is still a public health issue in Zambia. In multivariate regression analysis; age, parity, household wealth and exposure to media-based family planning messages were found to be significantly associated with unmet need for family planning among married women.Conclusion: There is need to enhance family planning policy and programming in the country in order to achieve desired health outcomes. Mass media campaigns and community-based outreach activities with special focus on the young women can achieve significant results in reducing unmet need for family planning. Further, there should be some deliberate interventions to conduct family planning talks during in health facilities targeting women who visit maternal and children care clinics.

What is the association between IPV and Fertility in Uganda?

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 41-54
Author(s):  
Sasha Frade ◽  
Clifford Odimegwu
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Health ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Strong Association ◽  
Unmet Need ◽  
Bivariate Analysis ◽  
High Fertility ◽  
Adult Women ◽  
Unintended Pregnancies ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Adverse Pregnancy

Abstract IPV, which emanates as a severe consequence of gender inequality in society, is the most pervasive form of IPV as most cases of abuse is perpetrated by intimate partners and has major health consequences for women. Women with a history of abuse are also at increased risk of reproductive health outcomes; such as high parity, inconsistent and lower levels of contraceptive use, unintended pregnancies, and adverse pregnancy outcomes. Despite concerted efforts by African governments, fertility levels in the region remain high. Africa is the region that has been least responsive to family planning programmes. This study investigates the associations between IPV and fertility in Uganda, using the Ugandan Demographic and Health Survey of 2011. Adult women of reproductive ages (15-49) that were included in the domestic violence module of the individual recode, were included in this study. Univariate, bivariate analysis, and unadjusted and adjusted Poisson Regression models were conducted for children ever born and the different forms of IPV (emotional, physical and sexual), as well as the socio-demographic and women’s empowerment variables. Both bivariate and multivariate analyses show a strong association between both these pervasive health problematics; and may therefore be one of the unexplained proximate determinants of persistently high fertility in countries such as Uganda. These results have important implications for understanding both the fertility transition in Uganda, but also for programmes and policies addressing unwanted pregnancies and unmet need for contraception that is driving fertility up, and IPV amongst women which we know from previous work has severe reproductive health outcomes but which we have now identified is a contributor to high fertility as well.

scholarly journals HIV screening in men and women in Senegal: coverage and associated factors; analysis of the 2017 demographic and health survey

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ndeye Aïssatou Lakhe ◽  
Khardiata Diallo Mbaye ◽  
Khadime Sylla ◽  
Cheikh Tidiane Ndour
Keyword(s):  
Mobile Phone ◽  
Hiv Testing ◽  
Health Survey ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Wealth Quintile ◽  
Household Wealth ◽  
Demographic And Health Survey ◽  
Sexually Active ◽  
Level Of Education ◽  
Factors Associated

Abstract Background Despite the adoption of the provider-initiated HIV testing strategy, the rate of HIV testing is still very low in sub-Saharan Africa. The aim of this study was to assess the factors associated with HIV testing among sexually active women and men in Senegal. Knowledge of HIV status is the gateway to antiretroviral treatment. Methods A secondary analysis of the 2017 Senegal Demographic and Health Survey (DHS) was performed, using data on sexually active women aged 15–49 and men aged 15–59. The outcome variable was the proportion of women and men who reported ever being tested for HIV in the last 12 months before the survey. Descriptive, bivariate, and multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed to identify the socio-demographic, HIV-knowledge, media exposure, and behavioral factors associated with HIV testing in Senegal. Results The study found that 61.1% (95%CI: 59.2–62.9) of women and 26.2% (95%CI: 24.2–28.3) of men were tested for HIV at the last 12 months. In multivariate analysis, among men the factors independently associated with being tested for HIV were: age groups 20–24 to 40–44 and age group 50–54; a higher level of education; being in the richest household wealth quintile; being married; knowing about the efficacy of HAART during pregnancy; having 2 or more lifetime sex partners and owning a mobile phone. Among women factors independently associated with HIV testing were: being in any age groups versus 15–19; a higher level of education; being in the richest household wealth quintile; being married; knowing about the efficacy of HAART during pregnancy; having any STI in last 12 months; fearing stigma; owning a mobile phone; and having any number of ANC visits, versus none. Conclusion Although HIV remains a public health threat, HIV testing’s prevalence is still low in Senegal, making it difficult to interrupt the transmission chain within the community and to reach the UNAIDS goal for 2020 of “90–90-90”. Innovative community-based strategies are needed to address barriers and improve access to HIV testing in Senegal, particularly for men and for the youngest and poorest populations.

scholarly journals Factors influencing unmet need for contraception amongst adolescent girls and women in Cambodia

PeerJ ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. e10065 ◽  
Author(s):  
Farwa Rizvi ◽  
Joanne Williams ◽  
Steven Bowe ◽  
Elizabeth Hoban
Keyword(s):  
Adolescent Girls ◽  
Ecological Model ◽  
Personal Autonomy ◽  
Unmet Need ◽  
Social Ecological Model ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Sample Population ◽  
Unintended Pregnancies ◽  
Social Ecological ◽  
Unmet Need For Contraception

Background Unmet need is the gap between women’s need and their practice of using contraception. Unmet need for contraception in female adolescents and women in Cambodia is a public health concern which may lead to unintended pregnancies or abortions that can contribute to maternal morbidity and mortality. Methods Bronfenbrenner’s Social Ecological Model was used as a theoretical framework to analyze data from the 2014 Cambodian Demographic and Health Survey to ascertain demographic and social factors potentially associated with unmet need for contraception. Bivariate and weighted multiple logistic regression analyses with adjusted odds ratios (AOR) were conducted for 4,823 Cambodian, sexually active females aged 15–29 years. Results The percentage of unmet need for contraception was 11.7%. At the individual level of the Social Ecological Model, there was an increased likelihood of unmet need in adolescent girls 15–19 years and women 20–24 years. Unmet need was decreased in currently employed women. At the microenvironment level, there was an increased likelihood of unmet need with the husband’s desire for more children and when the decision for a woman’s access to healthcare was made by someone else in the household. At the macroenvironment level, unmet need was decreased in women who could access a health facility near their residence to obtain medical care. There were no urban rural differences found in the Cambodian sample population. Conclusion Unmet need for contraception in Cambodian females adolescents and women is associated with younger age, unemployment and low personal autonomy for accessing healthcare but not with education or wealth status. There is a need to implement culturally appropriate reproductive and sexual health literacy programs to increase access to modern contraception and to raise women’s autonomy.

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