scholarly journals Profile of vascular and inflammatory aqueous humor cytokines in primary open angle glaucoma patients

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruyi Zhai ◽  
Huan Xu ◽  
Xinghuai Sun ◽  
Xiangmei Kong
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Humor ◽  
Primary Open Angle Glaucoma ◽  
Open Angle Glaucoma ◽  
Antibody Array ◽  
Open Angle ◽  
Aqueous Samples ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Cytokine Antibody Array ◽  
Angiopoietin 2

Abstract Purpose: This study was aimed to analyze the profile of vascular and inflammatory cytokines in aqueous humor of primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) patients. Methods: Aqueous humor samples were acquired from 6 POAG patients and 7 age-related cataract patients that constituted the control group. A human cytokine antibody array was used to detect 37 proteins related to inflammation and vascular regulation. Characteristics including age, gender, and intraocular pressure (IOP) of POAG and age-related cataract patients were compared. Correlation analyses between aqueous humor cytokines and characteristics were performed. Results: The cytokine antibody array results showed that the signal intensities of soluble vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 1 (sVEGFR-1), von Willebrand factor (vWF), tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, and angiopoietin-2 in POAG patients were significantly higher in aqueous samples compared to controls (p < 0.05, Student’s test or Mann-Whitney U-test). Among cytokines of all aqueous samples, preoperative IOP was positively associated with expression quantity of sVEGFR-1 (r = 0.647, p = 0.02) and VEGF-A (r = 0.602, p = 0.04) and negatively associated with plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 expression (r = -0.593, p = 0.04). Values for sVEGFR-1 were positively correlated with vWF (r = 0.646, p = 0.02) and TNF-α (r = 0.824, p < 0.001) with statistical significance. Conclusion: Pathogenesis of primary open angle glaucoma may be associated with both vascular dysfunction and inflammatory responses. The vascular factors may include endothelial dysfunction and damaged vascular permeability as indicated by abnormal expression of vWF, sVEGFR-1 and angiopoietin-2. Keywords: POAG, aqueous humor, cytokines, sVEGFR-1, vWF, angiopoietin-2

Detection of specific proteins in the aqueous humor in primary open-angle glaucoma

1990 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
In Seop Lee ◽  
Young Suk Yu ◽  
Dong Myung Kim ◽  
Dong Ho Youn ◽  
Jin Q Kim
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Humor ◽  
Primary Open Angle Glaucoma ◽  
Open Angle Glaucoma ◽  
Open Angle ◽  
Specific Proteins

Evaluating TNF-α and Interleukin-2 (IL-2) Levels in African American Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma Patients

Genes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 54
Author(s):  
Teja Alapati ◽  
Kyra M. Sagal ◽  
Harini V. Gudiseva ◽  
Maxwell Pistilli ◽  
Mark Pyfer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
African American ◽  
African Americans ◽  
Primary Open Angle Glaucoma ◽  
Open Angle Glaucoma ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Control Analysis ◽  
Open Angle ◽  
Snp Association ◽  
Tnf Α

Purpose: To establish if SNPs in TNF-α and IL-2 genes are associated with Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma (POAG) in African Americans (AA). We also determined whether plasma TNF-α and IL-2 levels could serve as biomarkers for POAG in African Americans using Sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Methods: A single SNP association analysis was performed to investigate the association between potential gene variants in TNF-α and IL-2 genes and POAG in the AA population. Plasma samples from 190 African Americans (72 from normal subjects and 118 POAG cases) were obtained for TNF- α studies and 367 samples (135 from normal subjects and 232 from POAG cases) were obtained for IL-2 studies. TNF-α levels and IL-2 levels were measured by sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) and analyzed to see if they reached significance in cases with POAG and endophenotypes when compared to normal subjects. Results: The SNP, rs1800630, in TNF-α gene was found to be marginally associated with POAG. SNPs in IL-2 gene were not associated with POAG in the case-control analysis. No significant difference was found between TNF-α levels and IL-2 levels in normal and POAG case subjects in our study. IL-2 levels were inversely correlated with high IOP in POAG cases. Conclusions: Although we found a marginal SNP association of TNF-α, assessing the expression levels of TNF-α and IL-2 may serve as promising biomarkers for African American POAG. Further investigation is needed to determine if POAG can be subdivided into more specified cohorts of the disease, which may affect plasma cytokine levels differently.

scholarly journals Neuroinflammation in Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 3172 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefania Vernazza ◽  
Sara Tirendi ◽  
Anna Maria Bassi ◽  
Carlo Enrico Traverso ◽  
Sergio Claudio Saccà
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Immune Response ◽  
Trabecular Meshwork ◽  
Primary Open Angle Glaucoma ◽  
Open Angle Glaucoma ◽  
Glaucoma Surgery ◽  
Open Angle ◽  
Antioxidant Defences ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Wide Range

Primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) is the second leading cause of irreversible blindness worldwide. Increasing evidence suggests oxidative damage and immune response defects are key factors contributing to glaucoma onset. Indeed, both the failure of the trabecular meshwork tissue in the conventional outflow pathway and the neuroinflammation process, which drives the neurodegeneration, seem to be linked to the age-related over-production of free radicals (i.e., mitochondrial dysfunction) and to oxidative stress-linked immunostimulatory signaling. Several previous studies have described a wide range of oxidative stress-related makers which are found in glaucomatous patients, including low levels of antioxidant defences, dysfunction/activation of glial cells, the activation of the NF-κB pathway and the up-regulation of pro-inflammatory cytokines, and so on. However, the intraocular pressure is still currently the only risk factor modifiable by medication or glaucoma surgery. This present review aims to summarize the multiple cellular processes, which promote different risk factors in glaucoma including aging, oxidative stress, trabecular meshwork defects, glial activation response, neurodegenerative insults, and the altered regulation of immune response.

scholarly journals Comparison of cytokine/chemokine levels in aqueous humor of primary open-angle glaucoma patients with positive or negative outcome following trabeculectomy

2019 ◽  
Vol 39 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Beata Gajda-Deryło ◽  
Thomas Stahnke ◽  
Stephan Struckmann ◽  
Gregor Warsow ◽  
Kerstin Birke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Factor ◽  
Aqueous Humor ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor ◽  
Primary Open Angle Glaucoma ◽  
Open Angle Glaucoma ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor Β ◽  
Positive Outcome ◽  
Open Angle ◽  
Antifibrotic Therapy ◽  
Cytokines And Chemokines

Abstract We aimed to identify differences in cytokine/chemokine levels in the aqueous humor (AH) of primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) patients who suffered from scarring, compared with POAG patients with no scarring after trabeculectomy surgery. Identification of differently expressed cytokines and chemokines may help to understand scarring and fibrotic processes following trabeculectomy, and to make predictions for the outcome of fistulating surgery in the future. Furthermore, the identification of cell signaling pathways involved in fibrosis offers the opportunity for a more specific antifibrotic therapy with reduced side effects, and an improvement in long-term surgical outcome. Eight samples of AH were collected during trabeculectomy surgery and commercially available cytokine/chemokine arrays were used. Specific, differently expressed proteins (cytokines/chemokines) in AH samples from patients with positive and negative surgery outcomes were detected. These proteins were classified based on their known profibrotic, inflammatory, adhesive, and apoptotic properties. Transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) were among the most important profibrotic cytokines that we detected. Differences in the fold change of protein expression were highly significant between patients after successful and failed trabeculectomy surgery, and these were processed and visualized using ExprEssence software. This pilot study revealed differences in concentrations of cytokines/chemokines in AH between the two examined groups of patients. Our findings suggest that a positive outcome from trabeculectomy is strongly related to an inhibition of the fibrosis process.

Aqueous humor metabolite profile of pseudoexfoliation glaucoma is distinctive

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. 425-435 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ciara Myer ◽  
Leila Abdelrahman ◽  
Santanu Banerjee ◽  
Ram B. Khattri ◽  
Matthew E. Merritt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Aqueous Humor ◽  
Primary Open Angle Glaucoma ◽  
Open Angle Glaucoma ◽  
Metabolite Profile ◽  
Open Angle ◽  
Pseudoexfoliation Glaucoma

We identified 298 metabolites in pseudoexfoliation (PEX) glaucoma, primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) and non-glaucomatous controls. Machine learning can classify aqueous humor into the three distinct categories and presents the opportunity for future predictions.

scholarly journals Dietary Antioxidants, Macular Pigment, and Glaucomatous Neurodegeneration: A Review of the Evidence

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 1002 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Lawler ◽  
Yao Liu ◽  
Krista Christensen ◽  
Thasarat S. Vajaranant ◽  
Julie Mares
Keyword(s):  
Primary Open Angle Glaucoma ◽  
Open Angle Glaucoma ◽  
Visual Field Loss ◽  
Evidence Base ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Macular Pigment ◽  
Eye Disease ◽  
Open Angle ◽  
Dietary Antioxidants ◽  
Age Related

Primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) is a leading cause of irreversible blindness worldwide, and the prevalence is projected to increase to 112 million worldwide by 2040. Intraocular pressure is currently the only proven modifiable risk factor to treat POAG, but recent evidence suggests a link between antioxidant levels and risk for prevalent glaucoma. Studies have found that antioxidant levels are lower in the serum and aqueous humor of glaucoma patients. In this review, we provide a brief overview of the evidence linking oxidative stress to glaucomatous pathology, followed by an in-depth discussion of epidemiological studies and clinical trials of antioxidant consumption and glaucomatous visual field loss. Lastly, we highlight a possible role for antioxidant carotenoids lutein and zeaxanthin, which accumulate in the retina to form macular pigment, as evidence has emerged supporting an association between macular pigment levels and age-related eye disease, including glaucoma. We conclude that the evidence base is inconsistent in showing causal links between dietary antioxidants and glaucoma risk, and that prospective studies are needed to further investigate the possible relationship between macular pigment levels and glaucoma risk specifically.

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