scholarly journals Prevalence, risk factors, phenotypic and molecular characteristics for methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus carriage in community-based drug users in Guangzhou, China

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yingying Wang ◽  
Jialing Lin ◽  
Junli Zhou ◽  
Zhigang Han ◽  
Zhenjiang Yao
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Drug Users ◽  
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Nasal Carriage ◽  
Molecular Characteristics ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
The Cross

Abstract Background: Staphylococcus aureus ( S. aureus ) and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) remained the predominant cause of infections in drug users. The cross-sectional study aimed to elucidate the prevalence, risk factors, phenotypic and molecular characteristics of S. aureus and MRSA carriage among community-based drug users. Methods: Eligible drug users were asked to complete questionnaires and collect nasal swabs during May and December 2017 in Guangzhou, China. Swabs were processed for identification of S. aureus and MRSA. Antimicrobial susceptibility test and polymerase chain reaction assays were used to detect phenotypic and molecular characteristics for identified isolates. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to assess risk factors for S. aureus and MRSA carriage. Results: Overall, the prevalence of S. aureus and MRSA carriage in 353 drug users were 15.01% and 6.79%, respectively. Cohabitation was a risk factor for S. aureus (adjusted OR=8.80, 95% CI: 1.89-40.99) and MRSA (adjusted OR=14.30, 95% CI: 2.67-76.46) carriage. The proportions of multidrug resistance were respectively 72.41% and 89.47% for S. aureus and MRSA isolates and were simultaneously resistant to penicillin, erythromycin and clindamycin. The results of clonal complexes and sequence types for S. aureus and MRSA isolates were diverse. The proportions of virulence genes were high for MRSA isolates. Conclusion: The prevalence of S. aureus nasal carriage was lower while the prevalence of MRSA nasal carriage was moderate. Phenotypic and molecular characteristics of MRSA isolates revealed serious antibiotic resistance, indicating the cross-circulation of MRSA isolates, and imply high opportunity of virulence-related diseases. Decolonization might be considered for drug users with MRSA carriage, especially for those with risk factors.

scholarly journals Prevalence, risk factors, phenotypic and molecular characteristics for Staphylococcus aureus carriage in community-based drug users in Guangzhou, China

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yingying Wang ◽  
Jialing Lin ◽  
Junli Zhou ◽  
Zhigang Han ◽  
Zhenjiang Yao
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Drug Users ◽  
Nasal Carriage ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Molecular Characteristics ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Nasal Swabs

Abstract Background: Staphylococcus aureus ( S. aureus ), particularly methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), remains the predominant cause of infections in drug users. This cross-sectional study aims to elucidate the prevalence, risk factors, phenotypic and molecular characteristics of S. aureus carriage among community-based drug users. Methods: All eligible drug users, with both injection and non-injection route of drug administration , were asked to complete questionnaires and collect nasal swabs by trained personal during the period between May and December 2017 in Guangzhou, China. Swabs were processed for identification of S. aureus . Antimicrobial susceptibility test and polymerase chain reaction assays were used to detect phenotypic and molecular characteristics for identified isolates. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to assess risk factors for S. aureus carriage. Results: Overall, 353 drug users were included in the study and the prevalence of S. aureus carriage was 15.01% (53/353). The prevalence of MRSA carriage was 6.80% (24/353). Cohabitation was a risk factor for S. aureus (adjusted OR=8.80, 95% CI: 1.89-40.99). The proportion of multidrug resistance was 54.72% for S. aureus isolates and most of these isolates were resistant to penicillin, erythromycin and clindamycin. Seventeen MRSA isolates were multidrug resistant. The results of clonal complexes (CCs) and sequence types (STs) for S. aureus were diverse. The three predominant types for CCs were CC5 (64.15%, 34/53), CC59 (11.32%, 6/53), and CC7 (7.55%, 4/53); and for STs were ST188 (20.75%, 11/53), ST5 (11.32%, 6/53), and ST59 (11.32%, 6/53). Conclusion: The prevalence of S. aureus nasal carriage was lower while the prevalence of MRSA carriage was moderate compared to previous studies. Phenotypic and molecular characteristics of S. aureus isolates, particularly MRSA isolates, revealed high proportions of antibiotic resistance, indicating the existence of cross-circulation, and implying high opportunity of virulence-related diseases. Decolonization and antibiotic stewardship might be implemented for drug users with MRSA carriage.

scholarly journals Prevalence, risk factors, phenotypic and molecular characteristics for Staphylococcus aureus carriage in community-based drug users in Guangzhou, China

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yingying Wang ◽  
Jialing Lin ◽  
Junli Zhou ◽  
Zhigang Han ◽  
Zhenjiang Yao
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Drug Users ◽  
Nasal Carriage ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Oral Drug ◽  
Molecular Characteristics ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Cross Sectional

Abstract Background: Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), particularly methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), remains the predominant cause of infections in drug users. The cross-sectional study aims to elucidate the prevalence, risk factors, phenotypic and molecular characteristics of S. aureus carriage among community-based drug users.Methods: All eligible drug users, both intravenous and oral drug users, were asked to complete questionnaires and collect nasal swabs during the period between May and December 2017 in Guangzhou, China. Swabs were processed for identification of S. aureus. Antimicrobial susceptibility test and polymerase chain reaction assays were used to detect phenotypic and molecular characteristics for identified isolates. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to assess risk factors for S. aureus carriage.Results: Overall, 353 drug users were included in the study and the prevalence of S. aureus carriage was 15.01% (53/353). The prevalence of MRSA carriage was 6.80% (24/353). Cohabitation was a risk factor for S. aureus (adjusted OR=8.80, 95% CI: 1.89-40.99). The proportion of multidrug resistance was 54.72% for S. aureus isolates and most of these isolates were resistant to penicillin, erythromycin and clindamycin. Seventeen MRSA isolates were multidrug resistant. The results of clonal complexes (CCs) and sequence types (STs) for S. aureus were diverse. The three predominant types for CCs were CC5 (64.15%, 34/53), CC59 (11.32%, 6/53), and CC7 (7.55%, 4/53); and for STs were ST188 (20.75%, 11/53), ST5 (11.32%, 6/53), and ST59 (11.32%, 6/53). Conclusion: The prevalence of S. aureus nasal carriage was lower when the prevalence of MRSA carriage was moderate. Phenotypic and molecular characteristics of S. aureus isolates, particularly MRSA isolates, revealed serious antibiotic resistance, indicating the existence of cross-circulation, and implying high opportunity of virulence-related diseases. Decolonization might be considered for drug users with MRSA carriage.

A cross sectional study to assess nasal carriage of methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus in healthcare professionals in a tertiary care hospital

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Fibhaa Syed ◽  
Nasim Akhtar ◽  
Mohammad Ali Arif ◽  
Adil Ramzan ◽  
Rauf Niazi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Nasal Carriage ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Nasal Swabs

Abstract Objective: To determine the nasal carriage of staphylococcus aureus and methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus among healthcare workers in a tertiary care setting. Methods: The cross-sectional study was conducted at the Pakistan Institute of Medical Sciences, Islamabad, Pakistan, from April to July 2018, and comprised healthcare workers at the institution. Nasal swabs were collected and cultured on Mannitol salt agar. Mannitol fermenting colonies which were gram-positive cocci, catalase-positive and coagulase-positive were identified as staphylococcus aureus. Antibiotic susceptibility test was performed by modified Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method. Methicillin resistance was detected using cefoxitin disc diffusion method. Data was analysed using SPSS 23. Results: Of the 210 nasal swabs, 52(24.76%) had a staphylococcus aureus growth, and, of them, 15(7.1%) were methicillin-resistant. No association could be established with either any single category of healthcare worker or an inter-department variation (p>0.05). Likewise, there was no association with age, gender, duration of service, smoking, co-morbidities, use of antibiotics in the preceding six months, treating a patient with methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus in the preceding six months and hospitalisation in the preceding year (p>0.05). Conclusion: The frequency of nasal carriage of methicillin resistant staphylococcus aureus amongst healthcare workers was regardless of the nature of their professional engagement. Key Words: Methicillin resistant staphylococcus aureus, Nasal carriage, Continuous...

scholarly journals Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Nasal Carriage among Injection Drug Users: Six Years Later

2007 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 477-479 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. N. Al-Rawahi ◽  
A. G. Schreader ◽  
S. D. Porter ◽  
D. L. Roscoe ◽  
R. Gustafson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Injection Drug Users ◽  
Drug Users ◽  
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Nasal Carriage ◽  
Injection Drug ◽  
Methicillin Resistant
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