scholarly journals Comparison of Trunk Muscle Activities during Pressure Feedback Monitoring among Individuals With and Without Chronic Low Back Pain

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chu Huai Wang ◽  
Xin Li ◽  
Wai Leung Ambrose Lo ◽  
Song Wei Lu ◽  
Howe Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Back Pain ◽  
Back Pain ◽  
Muscle Contraction ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Trunk Muscle ◽  
Trunk Muscles ◽  
Emg Activity ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Low Back ◽  
Pressure Feedback

Abstract Background: Pressure biofeedback unit (PBU) is a widely used non-invasive device for the monitoring of transverse abdominals (TA) and multifidus (MF) muscles in patients with low back pain (LBP). There is little research that compared trunk muscle activities with pressure feedback during trunk muscle contraction in a seated position. The aim this study was to compare muscle activities between deep local trunk muscles (TA and MF) and different target pressures (50, 60 and 70mmHg) of PBU in individuals with and without cLBP. Methods: Twenty-two patients with chronic LBP (cLBP) and 24 age matched healthy individuals were recruited. Electromyography (EMG) signals were recorded from the TA and MF muscles while the TA and MF were contracted to achieve PBU pressure value of 50, 60 and 70mmHg in random order. The average EMG amplitude (AEMG) of 3 replicate trials was used in the analysis after normalization to %MVIC. %MVIC is defined as the mean of the three AEMG divided by the AEMG of MVIC. Two-way ANOVA was performed to assess the effects of groups (Healthy and cLBP) and the three different target pressures of PBU. Spearman’s correlation analysis was performed in the cLBP group to determine potential correlations between EMG activity, NPRS and ODI. Results: The %MVIC of the TA and MF in the cLBP group were statistically higher than the control group at each pressure value (P＜0.05). The slope of the %MVIC-pressure of the cLBP subjects was significantly steeper than the healthy subjects (TA: P=0.01, MF: P＜0.001). During maximal voluntary isometric contraction (MVIC) of TA and MF, compared with pain-free group, cLBP subjects showed a decrease in EMG amplitudes (P≤0.001). The MVIC of MF was negatively correlated with Numerical Pain Rating Scale (r = -0.48, P=0.024) and Oswestry Disability Index (r = -0.59, P=0.004). Conclusions: The study demonstrated the feasibility of using PBU to assess muscle contraction that corresponds with changes of muscle activity as measured by EMG. Clinicians may be able to confer PBU measurements with EMG recordings to estimate the level of muscle activities during MF and TA contraction exercise in patients with cLBP.

scholarly journals Relationship between Low Back Pain and Lumbar Proprioception, Functional Stability, Static Endurance of Trunk Muscles and Balance in Adolescents

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (13) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lina Varnienė ◽  
Tomas Aukštikalnis ◽  
Gabrielė Andrejevaitė ◽  
Romualdas Sinkevičius ◽  
Juozas Raistenskis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Back Pain ◽  
Back Pain ◽  
Trunk Muscles ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Low Back ◽  
Functional Stability ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Balance Tests ◽  
Lumbar Proprioception ◽  
Balance Error

Research background. Core management is particularly important for uninterrupted and continuous movement. Proprioceptive information is important to maintain the position of the body and control the centre of gravity. Low back pain ultimately affects motor control and leads to proprioceptive changes in injured structures and also can cause balance disorders. Unfortunately, it is unclear until now how low back pain affects proprioception. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between low back pain and lumbar proprioception, functional stability, static endurance of trunk muscles and balance in adolescents. Methods. 42 adolescents participated in the study: 18 control subjects and 24 subjects with low back pain. We used the following assessment methods: the visual pain intensity scale (VAS) for pain evaluation, “flamingo” test, single leg test and balance error score system for balance assessment, Matthiass functional stability test for functional stability, and Biodex 4 Pro isokinetic dynamometer using trunk extension-flexion modular component and four points kneeling methodology for the evaluation of static endurance of trunk muscles, and proprioception. Results. After the assessment of balance, functional stability and proprioception, the results of the control group were statistically signifcantly better (p < 0.05). There was a moderate correlation between low back pain and Biodex 30 degree target reposition sense (r = 0.55), four points kneeling target position sense (r = 0.66), between low back pain and balance tests – “flamingo” and single leg test (r = 0.68, r = 0.61), between pain and Mathiass test (r = 0.52), also between proprioception and balance tests’ results (r = 0.44, r = 0.44, r = 0.46), proprioception and Mathiass test (r = 0.52). There was a strong correlation between pain and balance error scoring test (r = 0.85), balance error scoring test and four points kneeling test results (r = 0.71). All these correlationswere statistically signifcant. Conclusions. After the assessment of balance, functional stability and proprioception, the results of the control group were statistically signifcantly better (p < α). There was a moderate correlation between pain and proprioception, balance tests, Mathiass test results, also between proprioception and balance tests, Mathiass test. There was a strong correlation between pain and balance error scoring test results, between proprioception and balance error scoring test results.Keywords: Low back pain, proprioception, balance, functional stability.

scholarly journals Effects of High - Intensity Laser in Treatment of Patients with Chronic Low Back Pain

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. 949-954 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marija Gocevska ◽  
Erieta Nikolikj-Dimitrova ◽  
Cvetanka Gjerakaroska-Savevska
Keyword(s):  
Low Back Pain ◽  
Back Pain ◽  
Chronic Low Back Pain ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Ultrasound Therapy ◽  
Low Back ◽  
High Intensity Laser ◽  
Intensity Laser

BACKGROUND: Chronic low back pain lasts longer than 12 weeks and is characterised by pain, muscle weakness, reduced functional ability and psychosocial burden. AIM: To compare the effects of two physical modalities, high-intensity laser against ultrasound therapy in the treatment of patients with chronic low back pain. MATERIAL AND METHODS: This was a prospective, monocentric, controlled clinical study comprising a group of 54 patients at the age between 25 and 65 years. Patients were divided into two groups: examined group of 27 patients (high-intensity laser and exercises) and a control group of 27 patients (ultrasound therapy and exercises). The results were evaluated by the Numeric Pain Rating Scale, Oswestry Disability Index and Schober’s test. Clinical findings were evaluated at the same time points for all patients, before treatment, at two weeks and three months following treatment. Statistical analyses were made to compare the differences between the results obtained on admission and the two consecutive control check-ups. Statistical significance was defined as a P value < 0.05. RESULTS: The examined group showed statistically significantly better results than the control group after completion of the treatment (at two weeks) and at follow up after three months. CONCLUSION: This study has shown that patient with chronic low back pain treated with a high-intensity laser has significantly reduced low back pain, reduced disability and improved range of motion. Its positive effect maintained for three months. It seems to be an effective, safe and useful physical modality in the treatment of a patient with chronic low back pain.

scholarly journals A randomised controlled trial of ‘clockwise’ ultrasound for low back pain

2016 ◽  
Vol 72 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Adriaan Louw ◽  
Kory Zimney ◽  
Merrill R. Landers ◽  
Mark Luttrell ◽  
Bob Clair ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Back Pain ◽  
Back Pain ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Numeric Rating Scale ◽  
Leg Pain ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Low Back ◽  
Lumbar Flexion ◽  
Experimental Group

Aims: To examine how the choice of words explaining ultrasound (US) may influence the outcome of physiotherapy treatment for low back pain (LBP).Methods: Sixty-seven patients with LBP < 3 months were randomly allocated to one of three groups – traditional education about US (control group [CG]), inflated education about US (experimental group [EG]) or extra-inflated education about US (extra-experimental group [EEG]). Each patient received the exact same application of US that has shown clinical efficacy for LBP (1.5 Watts/cm2 for 10 minutes at 1 Megahertz, pulsed 20% over a 20 cm2 area), but received different explanations (CG, EG or EEG). Before and immediately after US,measurements of LBP and leg pain (numeric rating scale), lumbar flexion (distance to floor) and straight leg raise (SLR) (inclinometer) were taken. Statistical analysis consisted of mixed-factorial analyses of variance and chi-square analyses to measure differences between the three groups, as well as meeting or exceeding minimal detectable changes (MDCs) for pain, lumbar flexion and SLR.Results: Both EG and EEG groups showed a statistically significant improvement for SLR (p < 0.0001), while the CG did not. The EEG group participants were 4.4 times (95% confidence interval: 1.1 to 17.5) more likely to improve beyond the MDC than the CG. No significant differences were found between the groups for LBP, leg pain or lumbar flexion.Conclusion: The choice of words when applying a treatment in physiotherapy can alter the efficacy of the treatment.

scholarly journals The trunk muscles behavior in women with low back pain in the test of flexion and extension of the trunk

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Guilherme Thomaz de Aquino Nava ◽  
Beatriz Mendes Tozim ◽  
Mary Hellen Morcelli ◽  
Marcelo Tavella Navega
Keyword(s):  
Low Back Pain ◽  
Motor Control ◽  
Back Pain ◽  
Trunk Muscles ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Low Back ◽  
Muscle Recruitment ◽  
Trunk Flexion ◽  
Intergroup Comparison ◽  
Flexion And Extension

INTRODUCTION: Chronic low back pain has a direct repercussion on the activities of daily living and the alteration of motor control is its main cause. This change leads to instability of the trunk stabilizer systems that control movements. Trunk flexion and extension movements associated with external disturbances may increase the potential for motor control error, resulting in injury and pain. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate and compare the recruitment of the trunk stabilizer muscles, with and without load, in the flexion and extension movements of the trunk. METHODS: Thirty - four sedentary women were evaluated, aged between 30 and 59 years, divided into: low back pain group (LBPG n = 19) and control group (CG n = 15). The protocol consisted of clinical evaluation, pain evaluation, strength test of extensor trunk muscles and trunk flexion and extension tests (TFET). Muscle electromyography in internal oblique (IO), lumbar multifidus (LM), rectus abdominis (RA), external oblique (EO) and lumbar iliacus (LI) were performed simultaneously. Multivariate analysis of variance was used with two-way repeated measurements. RESULTS: LBPG presented a trend of greater recruitment in all muscles and loads evaluated, with muscle activation up to 47% higher when compared to CG. In the intergroup comparison, the global muscles demonstrated a tendency for greater activation in LBPG, with values up to 53% higher when compared to CG, and predominantly high effect size d> 0.80. In the intragroup comparison, the IO, EO, LI and LM muscles of the LBPG presented ascending muscle recruitment with increased load the opposite was seen in the CG, which showed increased activation only in the LI and LM muscles. CONCLUSION: Women with low back pain need more muscle recruitment to remain stable and, in challenging situations, use inefficient strategies.

scholarly journals Utilization of Back Movement Technique to Intensity of Low Back Pain in Third Trimester Pregnant Women

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 535-542
Author(s):  
Putri Maretyara Saptyani ◽  
Ari Suwondo ◽  
Runjati Runjati
Keyword(s):  
Low Back Pain ◽  
Back Pain ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Numeric Rating Scale ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Low Back ◽  
Third Trimester ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
Numeric Rating

One of the discomforts in third-trimester pregnancy is lower back pain.The prevalence of back pain during pregnancy can reach 80%. The study aims to prove the use of back movement technique to decrease the intensity of low back pain in third trimester pregnant women. The study used quasy-experimental, pretest-posttest with control group design. The sample of the study was third-trimester pregnant women with low back pain totaling 40 respondents. The instrument used to measure back pain in pregnancy is the Numeric Rating Scale (NRS). Data analysis used wilcoxon and man-whitney. There was a decrease in intensity of low back pain before treatment by 4.75 cm and after being given a back movement technique of 1.55 cm (p = 0.001). Back movement technique is proven to be more effective in reducing the intensity of low back pain in third-trimester pregnant women.

scholarly journals A novel (targeted) kinesio taping application on chronic low back pain: Randomized clinical trial

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. e0250686
Author(s):  
María Lourdes Peñalver-Barrios ◽  
Juan Francisco Lisón ◽  
Javier Ballester-Salvador ◽  
Julia Schmitt ◽  
Aida Ezzedinne-Angulo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Low Back Pain ◽  
Back Pain ◽  
Chronic Low Back Pain ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Treatment Time ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Low Back ◽  
Kinesio Taping ◽  
Experimental Group

The aim of the present clinical trial is to evaluate the efficacy of kinesio taping on patients with chronic low back pain, when the exploration identifies skin/fascia mobilization as a factor that could modify the treatment effect. This study is a randomized controlled trial with intention-to-treat analysis. Sixty-two participants with chronic low back pain were therefore recruited from a tertiary referral hospital. Targeted kinesio taping, according to skin/fascia mobility exploration, was applied in the experimental group (17 female/13 male; 49.47 ± 11.15 years) once a week for four sessions. The control group (17 female/14 male; 48.87 ± 9.09 years) underwent a placebo taping application. At post-treatment time there was a statistically significant reduction both in disability (Roland-Morris Disability Questionnaire) and pain (Numeric Pain Rating Scale) in the experimental group (disability: −2.88, 95% confidence interval [CI] −4.56 to −1.21, P < .001; pain: −1.58, 95% CI −2.67 to −0.54 P = .001) and the control group (disability: −1.82, 95% CI −3.46 to −0.17 P = .025; pain: −1.30, 95% CI −2.32 to −0.28 P = .008). However, at six months, these changes only remained significant in the experimental group (disability: −2.95, 95% CI −4.72 to −1.18, P < .001; pain: −1.06, 95% CI −2.07 to −0.04, P < .05). As a conclusion, the application of targeted kinesio taping produced a significant reduction in pain and disability, at 4 weeks and at 6 moths follow-up, although there were no differences between groups at any measurement time point.

Reliability of electromyographic and force measures during prone isometric back extension in subjects with and without low back pain

2008 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 52-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark J. Pitcher ◽  
David G. Behm ◽  
Scott N. MacKinnon
Keyword(s):  
Low Back Pain ◽  
Back Pain ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Muscle Activation ◽  
High Reliability ◽  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Erector Spinae ◽  
Emg Activity ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Low Back

Maximal voluntary isometric activations (MVIA) are frequently used as inputs for models attempting to predict muscle force and as normalization values in studies assessing muscle function. However, pain may adversely affect maximal muscle activation. The purpose of this study was to assess reliability of MVIA force and electromyographic (EMG) activity during prone isometric back extension in subjects with and without low back pain (LBP). A novel sub-maximal method using the percentages of the estimated mass of the head–arms–trunk (HAT) segment was also investigated. Repeated measures on 20 male volunteers divided into an LBP (n = 10) and a control group (n = 10) were made on 4 occasions. Force and EMG activity were recorded bilaterally from upper lumbar erector spinae (ULES), lower lumbar erector spinae (LLES), and biceps femoris (BF). Subjects exerted a maximal extension effort against a harness assembly that was attached to a force transducer. Submaximal exertions were also performed with an additional resistance of 100%, 110%, 120%, 130%, 140%, 150%, 160%, and 170% of HAT. Mean MVIA forces were significantly (p ≤ 0.05) lower in LBP vs. control. Intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) for MVIA force, right and left ULES, and LLES EMG indicated high reliability in controls (R > 0.90), but were significantly less in LBP (R = 0.36–0.80). EMG of BF demonstrated excellent reliability across both groups (R > 0.90). The resistance at 100% HAT demonstrated the highest reliability for LBP patients, whereas higher percentages of HAT showed either similar or higher reliability for controls. Force output and back EMG activity are less reliable with LBP individuals and should be taken into consideration when testing.

scholarly journals Improved respiratory characteristics in non-specific low back pain: Comparison of Feldenkrais method versus routine physiotherapy

2021 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 99-107
Author(s):  
Vikram Mohan ◽  
Aatit Paungmali ◽  
Patraporn Sitilertpisan ◽  
Leonard Joseph ◽  
Afiqah Ramlan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Back Pain ◽  
Back Pain ◽  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Respiratory Muscle ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Core Stability ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Low Back ◽  
Respiratory Muscle Strength ◽  
Feldenkrais Method

PURPOSE: Abnormal breathing patterns, decrease in respiratory muscle strength and endurance are some of the alterations, which are observed in non-specific low back pain (NS-LBP). The purpose of this study was to determine the efficacy of the Feldenkrais method (FM) on respiratory muscle strength, Maximum Voluntary Ventilation (MVV), Total Faulty Breathing Scale (TFBS), Cloth Tape Measure (CTM) and core stability among NS-LBP participants. METHODS: Participants were recruited from a rehabilitation clinic and randomized either to experimental group (EG) or the control group (CG). For the EG (FM and routine physiotherapy), and for the CG routine physiotherapy alone were carried out three days per week over a period of 8 weeks. Outcome measures including Respiratory Muscle Strength, MVV, TFBS, Numeric Rating Scale (NRS), CTM, and Pressure biofeedback device (PBU) were evaluated at baseline and 8 weeks. RESULTS: Forty participants were assigned to an EG (n = 20) and CG (n = 20) based on the study criteria. There was a significant increase in inspiratory muscle strength (MIP) (p = 0.004) for the EG, but no significant change in the CG (p = 0.455). There was also a significant increase in the expiratory muscle strength (MEP) for the EG (p = 0.001), but no changes in the CG (p = 0.574). In addition, decrease in pain, increase in xiphoid process chest expansion and improvement in core stability were observed in EG and improvement in MVV was observed in CG. CONCLUSIONS: FM is a potential training program that can improve respiratory variables among NS-LBP.

scholarly journals Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation versus Sensory Motor Training in Non-Specific Low Back Pain

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Made Hendra Satria Nugraha ◽  
Ni Komang Ayu Juni Antari ◽  
Anak Ayu Nyoman Trisna Narta Dewi
Keyword(s):  
Low Back Pain ◽  
Back Pain ◽  
Range Of Motion ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Motor Training ◽  
Low Back ◽  
Lower Back ◽  
Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation ◽  
Sensory Motor

Background: Non-specific low back pain is a type of pain that is located in spine area and does not radiate to the legs. Non-specific low back pain can limit daily activities and cause inability to do work. The aim of this study is to compare the effectiveness of proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF) versus sensory motor training (SMT) in the treatment of ultrasound therapy (UST) and kinesio tape (KT) insertion in non-specific low back pain. Methods: This research is an experimental with a randomized pre-test and post-test control group design, in which the study participants were divided into two groups randomly. The control group (n = 10) is given UST+PNF+KT combination, while the treatment group (n = 10) is given UST+SMT+KT combination. Therapeutic evaluation measures include: pain scale with a numeric rating scale, range of motion with a goniometer, and lower back disability with the Indonesian Version of Oswestry Disability Index. The intervention is given 3 times per 1 week for 3 weeks. Results: The results showed improvement in pain, range of motion, and lower back disability in each group (p<0.05). However, there were no significant differences when compared between groups. Conclusion: Based on these results, it can be concluded that the UST+PNF+KT combination has the same good results as the UST+SMT+KT combination in improving pain, range of motion, and lower back disability in non-specific low back pain.

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