scholarly journals Investigation of China’s Yunnan pharmaceutical industry derived from two ethnomedicines, Yi medicine and Dai medicine

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhiyong Li ◽  
Caifeng Li ◽  
Xiaobo Zhang ◽  
Shihuan Tang ◽  
Xiulan Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Yunnan Province ◽  
Herbal Medicines ◽  
Quality Standard ◽  
Clinical Indication ◽  
Industrial Base ◽  
Scientific Experiments ◽  
Rare And Endangered ◽  
Yunnan Baiyao ◽  
Pillar Industry ◽  
Patent Medicine

Abstract Background: Yunnan Province is a multi-ethnic area located in the southwest of China, and she also is rich in Chinese matiera medica resources, known as the ‘kingdom of plants’. There is abundant of ethnomedicine resources in Yunnan province and many ethnic minorities inherit and retain numerous knowledge of traditional medicine. The biomedicine and big health industry have been the pillar industry of Yunnan since 2016, which is the important pharmaceutical industrial base for Dai Medicine and Yi Medicine in China, for example Yunnan Baiyao with “amazing efficacy” and originating from a Yi medical formula. Yi medicine and Dai medicine of Yunnan Province were investigated in this work focusing on the basic information of Dai patent medicine (DPM) and Yi patent medicine (YPM), including the clinical indications, herbal resources and their sources of traditional knowledge. Methods: The data and information were collected from the published literatures and some public service websites, and the data base of DPM and YPM was established including the information about manufacturer, approval number, clinical indication, prescription composition, dosage form of drug, etc. We investigated the references and literatures including the publicly available pharmaceutical instructions ensuring the authenticity and reliability of the investigation. Results: The results showed that there were 28 varieties of DPMs and 73 varieties of YPMs approved to use in clinical according to the drug regulatory laws of China. In the DPMs and YPMs, about 109 and 197 herbal medicines are recorded in China Pharmacopoeia, 18 and 52 herbs are recorded in Standards for Chinese medicinal materials in Yunnan Province respectively. Nearly 20 herbs have not any quality standard. Among these herbal medicines, there are 10 herbs considered as Dai Medicine and 30 herbs as Yi Medicine. In order to produce these DPMs and YPMs, about 16 animal medicines and 17 rare and endangered medicinal materials would be collected and used. Conclusions: The investigation would provide a more detailed report on Yunnan ethnic medicine industry, and it should be believed reasonably that the ethnomedicine of Yunnan Province will give more choices for human health through scientific experiments and dealing with the sustainable utilization of medicine resources.

scholarly journals Policies and Problems of Modernizing Ethnomedicine in China: A Focus on the Yi and Dai Traditional Medicines of Yunnan Province

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Zhiyong Li ◽  
Caifeng Li ◽  
Xiaobo Zhang ◽  
Shihuan Tang ◽  
Hongjun Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traditional Medicine ◽  
Quality Standard ◽  
Sustainable Utilization ◽  
Materia Medica ◽  
Traditional Medicines ◽  
Industrial Base ◽  
Patent Medicines ◽  
Rare And Endangered ◽  
Wild Resources ◽  
Chinese Patent

Yunnan is a multiethnic province in southwest China, rich in Materia medica resources, and is popularly known as the kingdom of plants. Biomedicine and public health industry have been the industrial pillars of Yunnan since 2016, which is the important pharmaceutical industrial base for Dai and Yi medicine in China. This review of the Yunnan ethnic medicine industry describes some of the problems to be solved in the development of sustainable ethnomedicine in China. We investigated Chinese patent medicines (CPMs) declared as ethnomedicine on the drug instructions and identified 28 Dai patent medicines (DPMs) and 73 Yi patent medicines (YPMs) that were approved for clinical use in China. In further research, the clinical indications of these CPMs were determined, and the quality standard of medicinal materials and their usage frequencies in DPMs and YPMs were investigated. We also collected and analyzed the data on use of botanical and animal sources of medicines, the rare and endangered medicinal materials, and toxic medicines in DPMs and YPMs. The application of zootherapy in Yi traditional medicine was introduced from its abundant ancient documents and records; based on the “YaGei” theory in Dai traditional medicine, toxic medicines can be relatively safe in DPMs. However, for promoting the Yunnan traditional medicine industry, it is necessary to strengthen medical research to expand evidence-based clinical practice and balance ethnomedicine production and sustainable utilization of Materia medica resources, especially the animal sources of medicines, toxic medicines, and the protected wild resources reported in this survey. Only in this way can industrialization of ethnomedicine promote the improvement of human health.

scholarly journals Metabolomics-Based Clinical Efficacy and Effect on the Endogenous Metabolites of Tangzhiqing Tablet, a Chinese Patent Medicine for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus with Hypertriglyceridemia

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jia Liu ◽  
Ziqiang Li ◽  
Hua Liu ◽  
Xianhua Wang ◽  
Chunxiao Lv ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Healthy Volunteers ◽  
Clinical Indication ◽  
Chinese Patent Medicine ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Chinese Patent ◽  
Patent Medicine

Tangzhiqing tablet (TZQ) is derived from Tangzhiqing formula, which has been used to regulate glucose and lipid metabolism in China for hundreds of years. However, as a new Chinese patent medicine, its clinical indication is not clear. To explore the clinical indication and effect on the patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), a pilot clinical trial and metabolomics study were carried out. In the clinical study, T2DM patients were divided into three groups and treated with TZQ, placebo, or acarbose for 12 weeks, respectively. The metabolomic study based on UPLC Q-TOF MS was performed including patients with hypertriglyceridemia in TZQ and placebo groups and healthy volunteers. The clinical results showed that TZQ could reduce glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and fasting insulin. For patients with hypertriglyceridemia in TZQ group, the levels of HbA1c all decreased and were correlated with the baseline level of triglyceride. Metabonomics data showed a significant difference between patients and healthy volunteers, and 17 biomarkers were identified. After 12-week treatment with TZQ, 11 biomarkers decreased significantly (p<0.05), suggesting that TZQ could improve the metabolomic abnormalities in these participants. In conclusion, the clinical indication of TZQ was T2DM with hypertriglyceridemia, and its target was related to glycerophospholipid metabolism.

Analysis on the Competitiveness Strength of Yunnan Province in Construction Industry Based on the Model of Improved TOPSIS

2014 ◽  
Vol 651-653 ◽  
pp. 1125-1129
Author(s):  
Xiu Juan Chu ◽  
Yang Liang
Keyword(s):  
Data Acquisition ◽  
Construction Industry ◽  
National Economy ◽  
Evaluation System ◽  
Yunnan Province ◽  
Regional Economy ◽  
Western Region ◽  
Major Contributor ◽  
Regional Competitiveness ◽  
Pillar Industry

Not only the construction industry as a pillar industry of the national economy, it is a major contributor to the regional economy. Identification of competitive strengths and weaknesses of the Yunnan Province in the western region, the article is based on the improved TOPSIS to analyze. A variety of factors can have an effect on regional construction industry. By combining researches of other scholars and considering of the meaning of construction industry indicator and possibility of data acquisition and analyzing the statistic data of recent three years, is built an evaluation system which contains 5 elements. By some higher mathematics solving method calculates the weight in approach of ranking and comparing competitiveness of the 12 provinces in western region such as Yunnan, Sichuan and Chongqing identifies the regional competitiveness. The consequence shows that the construction industry competitiveness of Yunnan province is at mid-low level among 12 western provinces, but enjoys a good development potential.

scholarly journals Phytochemical studies on traditional herbal medicines based on the ethnopharmacological information obtained by field studies

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naonobu Tanaka ◽  
Yoshiki Kashiwada
Keyword(s):  
Yunnan Province ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Herbal Medicines ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Bioactive Molecules ◽  
Medical Systems ◽  
Ethnobotanical Survey ◽  
Autonomous Region ◽  
Bioassay Guided Fractionation ◽  
Phytochemical Studies

AbstractTraditional herbal medicines, which have been used in the matured traditional medical systems as well as those have been used in ethnic medical systems, are invaluable resources of drug seeds. Ethnobotanical and ethnopharmacological survey may provide useful information of these herbal medicines, which are valuable for searching new bioactive molecules. From this viewpoint, we have been performing the ethnobotanical and ethnopharmacological field studies in Yunnan Province and Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China, and Mongolia. Phytochemical studies on traditional herbal medicines were performed based on the information obtained by our ethnobotanical survey. Herbal medicines used in Uzbekistan and Bangladesh were also investigated on the basis of the ethnopharmacological information obtained from collaborative researchers in the respective regions. Some studies were carried out for searching active substance(s) based on bioassay-guided fractionation and isolation. Over 150 new molecules were isolated in these studies, and their various biological activities were also demonstrated. This review summarizes the results of phytochemical studies of those traditional herbal medicines as well as biological activities of the isolated molecules. Graphic abstract

Reintroduction of rare and endangered plants: common factors, questions and approaches

2007 ◽  
Vol 55 (3) ◽  
pp. 362 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edward O. Guerrant Jr ◽  
Thomas N. Kaye
Keyword(s):  
Common Factors ◽  
Endangered Plants ◽  
Species Survival ◽  
Scientific Experiments ◽  
Rare And Endangered

The science of reintroduction for conservation purposes is young, and there is still much to learn about the practice. As a means to achieving biological goals of successfully establishing new populations to enhance a species survival prospects, and project goals, such as learning how to go about establishing new populations, reintroduction projects are best done as well designed scientific experiments that test explicit hypotheses. Focusing on a range of factors common to any reintroduction, we review several empirical reintroduction projects with respect to hypotheses tested, experimental materials and methods employed, and evaluate their success in both biological and project terms.

Electron Microscopic Characterization and Quantitation of Air Borne Particulate Matter with Special Emphasis on Asbestos

1972 ◽  
Vol 30 ◽  
pp. 356-357
Author(s):  
Peter K. Mueller ◽  
Glenn R. Smith ◽  
Leslie M Carpenter ◽  
Ronald L. Stanley
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Light And Electron Microscopy ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Quality Standard ◽  
Primary Objective ◽  
Cellulose Ester ◽  
Main Concept ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Air Samples ◽  
Diffraction Patterns

At the present time the primary objective of the electron microscopy group of the Air and Industrial Hygiene Laboratory is the development of a method suitable for use in establishing an air quality standard for asbestos in ambient air and for use in its surveillance. The main concept and thrust of our approach for the development of this method is to obtain a true picture of fiber occurrence as a function of particle size and asbestos type utilizing light and electron microscopy.We have now available an electron micrographic atlas of all asbestos types including selected area diffraction patterns and examples of fibers isolated from air samples. Several alternative approaches for measuring asbestos in ambient air have been developed and/or evaluated. Our experiences in this regard will be described. The most promising method involves: 1) taking air samples on cellulose ester membrane filters with a nominal pore size of 0.8 micron; 2) ashing in a low temperature oxygen plasma for several hours;

Current concepts of the interventional treatment of proximal supraaortic vessel stenosis

VASA ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 41 (5) ◽  
pp. 313-318 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ernemann ◽  
Bender ◽  
Melms ◽  
Brechtel ◽  
Kobba ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Carotid Bifurcation ◽  
Current Treatment ◽  
Long Term Results ◽  
Clinical Indication ◽  
Interventional Treatment ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
Brachiocephalic Artery ◽  
Treatment Concepts ◽  
Angioplasty And Stenting

Interventional therapies using angioplasty and stenting of symptomatic stenosis of the proximal supraaortic vessels have evolved as safe and effective treatment strategies. The aim of this paper is to summarize the current treatment concepts for stenosis in the subclavian and brachiocephalic artery with regard to clinical indication, interventional technique including selection of the appropriate vascular approach and type of stent, angiographic and clinical short-term and long-term results and follow-up. The role of hybrid interventions for tandem stenoses of the carotid bifurcation and brachiocephalic artery is analysed. A systematic review of data for angioplasty and stenting of symptomatic extracranial vertebral artery stenosis is discussed with a special focus on restenosis rate.

Inquiry Learning

2009 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 117-127 ◽  
Author(s):  
Astrid Wichmann ◽  
Detlev Leutner
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Reasoning ◽  
Inquiry Learning ◽  
Instructional Support ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Knowledge Test ◽  
Simulation Based ◽  
Scientific Experiments ◽  
Specific Support ◽  
Science Classes

Seventy-nine students from three science classes conducted simulation-based scientific experiments. They received one of three kinds of instructional support in order to encourage scientific reasoning during inquiry learning: (1) basic inquiry support, (2) advanced inquiry support including explanation prompts, or (3) advanced inquiry support including explanation prompts and regulation prompts. Knowledge test as well as application test results show that students with regulation prompts significantly outperformed students with explanation prompts (knowledge: d = 0.65; application: d = 0.80) and students with basic inquiry support only (knowledge: d = 0.57; application: d = 0.83). The results are in line with a theoretical focus on inquiry learning according to which students need specific support with respect to the regulation of scientific reasoning when developing explanations during experimentation activities.

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