scholarly journals Joint Binary Response Modeling for Childhood Comorbidity in Ethiopia

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tesfaye Abera Bokoro ◽  
Habtamu Kiros Gebresilasie
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Respiratory Infection ◽  
Acute Respiratory Infection ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Standard Errors ◽  
Binary Response ◽  
Response Model ◽  
Childhood Diarrhea ◽  
Mother’S Education ◽  
Mother's Education

Abstract Background: Childhood diarrhea and Acute Respiratory Infection (ARI) are some of the diseases that share common risk factors in tropical developing regions. The objective of the study was to identify risk factors of childhood diarrhea and ARI among children age under-five years old based on 2016 Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey data.Methods: A joint binary response model that accommodates the interdependence between the two diseases was employed. Results: We found a common odds ratio value (4.30) greater than unity, describing a positive association between the two childhood diseases. Thereby, employing a joint model to assess the potential factors for diarrhea and acute respiratory infection (ARI) was reasonable. Moreover, it was identified that standard errors of the parameter estimates in the joint response model were smaller compared to the corresponding standard errors of the separate models.Conclusion: In the joint model, explanatory variables such as residence, vaccination, mother’s education, and antenatal care visits during pregnancy were found statistically significant risk factors for diarrhea, whereas residence, number of children ever born, vaccination, mother’s education, and wealth index were statistically significant risk factors for childhood Acute Respiratory Infection. The two correlated dichotomous response variables that is, diarrhea and ARI were affected together significantly by the risk factors such as residence, vaccination, and mother’s education.

scholarly journals Risk Factors for Acute Respiratory Infection in Children Under Five in Padang, Indonesia

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 62-69
Author(s):  
Rahmi Hidayanti ◽  
◽  
Husna Yetti ◽  
Andani Eka Putra ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Respiratory Infection ◽  
Acute Respiratory Infection ◽  
Children Under Five ◽  
Under Five

Risk factors for acute respiratory infection in children younger than five years in Bangladesh

Public Health ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 173 ◽  
pp. 112-119 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.I.K. Imran ◽  
M.U.A. Inshafi ◽  
R. Sheikh ◽  
M.A.B. Chowdhury ◽  
M.J. Uddin
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Respiratory Infection ◽  
Acute Respiratory Infection

scholarly journals Risk of acute respiratory infection from crop burning in India: estimating disease burden and economic welfare from satellite and national health survey data for 250 000 persons

2019 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 1113-1124 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suman Chakrabarti ◽  
Mohammed Tajuddin Khan ◽  
Avinash Kishore ◽  
Devesh Roy ◽  
Samuel P Scott
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Respiratory Infection ◽  
Health Survey ◽  
Acute Respiratory Infection ◽  
Disease Burden ◽  
Crop Residue ◽  
Agricultural Crop ◽  
Disability Adjusted Life Years ◽  
Disability Adjusted Life ◽  
Life Years

Abstract Background Respiratory infections are among the leading causes of death and disability globally. Respirable aerosol particles released by agricultural crop-residue burning (ACRB), practised by farmers in all global regions, are potentially harmful to human health. Our objective was to estimate the health and economic costs of ACRB in northern India. Methods The primary outcome was acute respiratory infection (ARI) from India’s fourth District Level Health Survey (DLHS-4). DLHS-4 data were merged with Moderate-Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer satellite data on fire occurrence. Mutually adjusted generalized linear models were used to generate risk ratios for risk factors of ARI. Overall disease burden due to ACRB was estimated in terms of disability-adjusted life years. Results Seeking medical treatment for ARI in the previous 2 weeks was reported by 5050 (2%) of 252 539 persons. Living in a district with intense ACRB—the top quintile of fires per day—was associated with a 3-fold higher risk of ARI (mutually adjusted risk ratio 2.99, 95% confidence interval 2.77 to 3.23) after adjustment for socio-demographic and household factors. Children under 5 years of age were particularly susceptible (3.65, 3.06 to 4.34 in this subgroup). Additional ARI risk factors included motor-vehicle congestion (1.96, 1.72 to 2.23), open drainage (1.91, 1.73 to 2.11), cooking with biomass (1.73, 1.58 to 1.90) and living in urban areas (1.35, 1.26 to 1.44). Eliminating ACRB would avert 14.9 million disability-adjusted life years lost per year, valued at US$152.9 billion over 5 years. Conclusions Investments to stop crop burning and offer farmers alternative crop-residue disposal solutions are likely to improve population-level respiratory health and yield major economic returns.

scholarly journals Risk factors of acute respiratory infections among under five children attending public hospitals in southern Tigray, Ethiopia, 2016/2017

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sielu Alemayehu ◽  
Kalayou Kidanu ◽  
Tensay Kahsay ◽  
Mekuria Kassa
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Respiratory Infection ◽  
Acute Respiratory Infection ◽  
Respiratory Infections ◽  
Public Hospitals ◽  
Cow Dung ◽  
Acute Respiratory Infections ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Under Five Children ◽  
Maternal Literacy

Abstract Background Acute Respiratory infection accounts for 94,037000 disability adjusted life years and 1.9 million deaths worldwide. Acute respiratory infections is the most common causes of under-five illness and mortality. The under five children gets three to six episodes of acute respiratory infections annually regardless of where they live. Disease burden due to acute respiratory infection is 10–50 times higher in developing countries when compared to developed countries. The aim of this study was to assess risk factors of acute respiratory infection among under-five children attending Public hospitals in Southern Tigray, Ethiopia 2016/2017. Methods Institution based case control study was conducted from Nov 2016 to June 2017. Interviewer administered structured questionnaire was used to collect data from a sample of 288 (96 cases and 192 controls) children under 5 years of age. Systematic random sampling was used to recruit study subjects and SPSS version 20 was used to analyze the data. Bivariate and multivariate analysis were employed to examine statistical association between the outcome variable and selected independent variables at 95% confidence level. Level of statistical Significance was declared at p < 0.05. Tables, figures and texts were used to present data. Result One hundred sixty (55.6%) and 128 (44.4%) of the participants were males and females respectively. Malnutrition (AOR = 2.89; 95%CI: 1.584–8.951; p = 0.039), cow dung use (AOR =2.21; 95%CI: 1.121–9.373; p = 0.014), presence of smoker in the family (AOR = 0.638; 95% CI: 0.046–0.980; p = 0.042) and maternal literacy (AOR = 3.098; 95%CI: 1.387–18.729; p = 0.021) were found to be significant predictors of acute respiratory infection among under five children. Conclusion According to this study maternal literacy, smoking, cow dung use and nutritional status were strongly associated with increased risk of childhood acute respiratory infection. Health care providers should work jointly with the general public, so that scientific knowledge and guidelines for adopting particular preventive measures for acute respiratory infection are disseminated.

scholarly journals Risk factors associated with Acute Respiratory Infection (ARI) among children under 10-years in Rohingya refugee camp

2020 ◽  
pp. 32-35
Author(s):  
Shafiqua Nawrin Oishi ◽  
Nazmul Alam
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Respiratory Infection ◽  
Acute Respiratory Infection ◽  
Viral Infections ◽  
Respiratory Infections ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Nasal Discharge ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Aged People

Acute respiratory infections are cause by bacterial, fungal or viral infections of the respiratory tract. Very young and older aged people are most vulnerable of these infections lead to difficulties from fever, cough, nasal discharge, sputum production, fatigue, wheezing, pain on swallowing, at times ear infections and meningitis. With huge number of Rohingya influx in Bangladesh, camps are overly crowded allowing many infectious diseases to transmit easily. Although there are researches that have been conducted in this area, there remains a huge gap of research in these camps where children being vulnerable are mostly suffering from respiratory disease such as Acute Respiratory Infection (ARI). This cross-sectional study investigated the risk factors associated with ARI among children less than 10 years in Rohingya refugee camps. After collecting information based on their demographic, anthropometric, history of respiratory problem, accommodation and nutritional status, it was found that about 21.6% of 259 children under this study had symptoms of ARI. Living in congested housing and with lack of nutritious food children were found negatively associated with ARI.

scholarly journals Risk factors for malnutrition in under-five children: one year after the Yogyakarta earthquake

2011 ◽  
Vol 51 (6) ◽  
pp. 327
Author(s):  
Neti Nurani ◽  
Mei Neni Sitaresmi ◽  
Djauhar Ismail
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Respiratory Infection ◽  
Acute Respiratory Infection ◽  
Child Growth ◽  
Severe Malnutrition ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Major Health Problem ◽  
Children Under Five ◽  
Under Five ◽  
One Year

Background Malnutrition in children under the age of five remains a major health problem, since half of mortality cases in this age group involve malnutrition. The 2006 earthquake caused destruction of physical, biological and socio-economic environments, potentially leading to malnutrition in Yogyakarta children.Objective To identify the prevalence and risk factors of malnutrition in Yogyakarta children under five years of age, one year after the 2006 earthquake.Methods We conducted a cross-sectional study among children aged 0 to 60 months in the Bambanglipuro Subdistrict, Bantul Regency, Yogyakarta from September to October 2007. Nutritional status was determined using weight for height Z-scores, according to the WHO 2006 Child Growth Standards.Results Out of 666 subjects, we found severe malnutrition, undernutrition, normal weight, and overweight status in 1.7%, 4.8%, 88.6% and 4.8%, respectively. By multivariate analysis, risk factors for malnutrition were not having been weighed during the previous three months (OR 0.35; 95% CI 0.1 to 0.8) and having acute respiratory infection in the previous two weeks (OR 1.99; 95% CI 1.1 to 3.8)Conclusion One year following the 2006 earthquake, acute respiratory infection in the previous two weeks and unmonitored growth in the previous three months were risk factors for malnutrition in children under five years.

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