scholarly journals Light-triggered hydrogen production from anhydrous alkaline methanol on a multi-layer device

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yiou Wang ◽  
En-Ping Yao ◽  
Jacek Stolarczyk ◽  
Jochen Feldmann
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Production ◽  
Active Sites ◽  
Hydrogen Generation ◽  
Anhydrous Methanol ◽  
Layer System ◽  
High Turnover ◽  
Proton Source ◽  
Hole Scavenger ◽  
Slurry System ◽  
Alkaline Conditions

Abstract Hydrogen production from methanol has attracted substantial interest because of the clean combustion of hydrogen and the convenience of methanol in storage and transportation. However, it requires high-temperature and high-pressure conditions to reform methanol with water to hydrogen with high turnover frequency (TOF, e.g. 104 moles of hydrogen per mole of Pt per hour). Here we show that hydrogen can be produced from anhydrous alkaline methanol with a remarkable TOF of 1.8×106 moles of hydrogen per mole of Pt per hour on a light-triggered multi-layer system under mild conditions. The performance is attributed to the use of anhydrous methanol as both the proton source and the hole scavenger in alkaline conditions. In contrast to a slurry system, we show that the proposed multi-layer system avoids particle aggregation, and it leads to the effective utilization of methanol, light and Pt active sites. This notable performance steps forward to the practical light-triggered hydrogen generation.

scholarly journals Facile Fabrication of Rhodium/Nanodiamond Hybrid as Advanced Catalyst toward Hydrogen Production from Ammonia–Borane

Catalysts ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 1037
Author(s):  
Zhaoyu Wen ◽  
Jie Wu ◽  
Guangyin Fan
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Production ◽  
Hydrogen Evolution ◽  
Active Sites ◽  
Hydrogen Generation ◽  
Ammonia Borane ◽  
Green Energy ◽  
Homogeneous Distribution ◽  
High Turnover ◽  
Design And Synthesis ◽  
Facile Fabrication

Hydrogen generation through ammonia–borane (AB) hydrolysis has been regarded as one of the most promising pathways to tap renewable green energy. The design and synthesis of highly effective catalysts toward hydrogen production from aqueous AB is of paramount significance. Here, the facile synthesis of Rh nanoparticles (NPs) immobilized on nanodiamond (nano-DA) and concomitant AB hydrolysis to produce hydrogen was successfully achieved. The in situ generated Rh/nano-DA exhibited excellent catalytic activity toward AB hydrolysis, with a high turnover frequency (TOF) value of 729.4 min−1 at 25 °C and a low activation energy of 25.6 kJ mol−1. Moreover, the catalyst could be reused four times. The unique properties of DA with abundant oxygen-containing groups enable the homogeneous distribution of small and surface-clean Rh NPs on the nano-DA surface, which can supply abundant accessible active sites for hydrogen evolution from AB hydrolysis. This study demonstrated that nano-DA can be applied as an ideal matrix to deposit efficient Rh nanocatalyst toward hydrogen evolution reaction.

In situ Synthesis of Nickel-Dimethylglyoxime/Black Phosphorus Nanorods for Photocatalytic Hydrogen Production from Water Splitting

NANO ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (10) ◽  
pp. 2050125
Author(s):  
Hui’e Wang
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Production ◽  
Water Splitting ◽  
Active Sites ◽  
Hydrogen Generation ◽  
Hollow Structure ◽  
Black Phosphorus ◽  
In Situ Growth ◽  
Photocatalytic Hydrogen Production ◽  
Reaction Cycles

Here, a novel material consisting of black phosphorus (BP) and nickel-dimethylglyoxime nanorods was successfully prepared via a facile in situ calcination strategy, which possesses efficient catalytic activity for hydrogen production from water splitting. The reason for this phenomenon was explained by a series of characterization technologies such as SEM, TEM, XRD, UV–Vis, XPS and photoelectrochemical. We demonstrated that the fast e− transport channels were provided by the formed hollow structure of C@Ni-D nanorods, the highly exposed active sites on C@Ni-BP nanorods benefiting from the direct in situ growth of BP, the resulted synergetic effects of C@Ni-D-2 nanorods and BP achieved a better performance of photocatalytic hydrogen production from water splitting. The optimal hydrogen generation of C@Ni-BP-2 nanorods could reach up to 600[Formula: see text][Formula: see text]mol within 180[Formula: see text]min and the rate of hydrogen production did not decrease significantly after four repeated reaction cycles. This work may offer new direction in situ growth of novel catalysts for achieving highly efficient hydrogen production.

Photocatalytic hydrogen generation using mesoporous silicon nanoparticles: influence of magnesiothermic reduction conditions and nanoparticle aging on the catalytic activity

Nanoscale ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 2685-2692
Author(s):  
Isabel S. Curtis ◽  
Ryan J. Wills ◽  
Mita Dasog
Keyword(s):  
Catalytic Activity ◽  
Hydrogen Production ◽  
Silicon Nanoparticles ◽  
Hydrogen Generation ◽  
Oxide Content ◽  
Magnesiothermic Reduction ◽  
Mesoporous Silicon ◽  
High Crystallinity ◽  
Photocatalytic Hydrogen Generation

High crystallinity, low oxide content, and low sintering lead to optimally performing mesoporous Si photocatalysts for solar-driven hydrogen production.

scholarly journals Hydrogen production from water electrolysis: role of catalysts

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shan Wang ◽  
Aolin Lu ◽  
Chuan-Jian Zhong
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Production ◽  
Water Splitting ◽  
Noble Metal ◽  
Active Sites ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Water Electrolysis ◽  
Efficient Production ◽  
Production Of Hydrogen

AbstractAs a promising substitute for fossil fuels, hydrogen has emerged as a clean and renewable energy. A key challenge is the efficient production of hydrogen to meet the commercial-scale demand of hydrogen. Water splitting electrolysis is a promising pathway to achieve the efficient hydrogen production in terms of energy conversion and storage in which catalysis or electrocatalysis plays a critical role. The development of active, stable, and low-cost catalysts or electrocatalysts is an essential prerequisite for achieving the desired electrocatalytic hydrogen production from water splitting for practical use, which constitutes the central focus of this review. It will start with an introduction of the water splitting performance evaluation of various electrocatalysts in terms of activity, stability, and efficiency. This will be followed by outlining current knowledge on the two half-cell reactions, hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER), in terms of reaction mechanisms in alkaline and acidic media. Recent advances in the design and preparation of nanostructured noble-metal and non-noble metal-based electrocatalysts will be discussed. New strategies and insights in exploring the synergistic structure, morphology, composition, and active sites of the nanostructured electrocatalysts for increasing the electrocatalytic activity and stability in HER and OER will be highlighted. Finally, future challenges and perspectives in the design of active and robust electrocatalysts for HER and OER towards efficient production of hydrogen from water splitting electrolysis will also be outlined.

scholarly journals Nano-sized manganese oxides as biomimetic catalysts for water oxidation in artificial photosynthesis: a review

2012 ◽  
Vol 9 (75) ◽  
pp. 2383-2395 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Mahdi Najafpour ◽  
Fahimeh Rahimi ◽  
Eva-Mari Aro ◽  
Choon-Hwan Lee ◽  
Suleyman I. Allakhverdiev
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Production ◽  
Water Splitting ◽  
Water Oxidation ◽  
Active Sites ◽  
Manganese Oxides ◽  
Metal Compounds ◽  
Functional Models ◽  
Current Densities ◽  
Conversion Efficiencies ◽  
Manganese Compounds

There has been a tremendous surge in research on the synthesis of various metal compounds aimed at simulating the water-oxidizing complex (WOC) of photosystem II (PSII). This is crucial because the water oxidation half reaction is overwhelmingly rate-limiting and needs high over-voltage (approx. 1 V), which results in low conversion efficiencies when working at current densities required for hydrogen production via water splitting. Particular attention has been given to the manganese compounds not only because manganese has been used by nature to oxidize water but also because manganese is cheap and environmentally friendly. The manganese–calcium cluster in PSII has a dimension of about approximately 0.5 nm. Thus, nano-sized manganese compounds might be good structural and functional models for the cluster. As in the nanometre-size of the synthetic models, most of the active sites are at the surface, these compounds could be more efficient catalysts than micrometre (or bigger) particles. In this paper, we focus on nano-sized manganese oxides as functional and structural models of the WOC of PSII for hydrogen production via water splitting and review nano-sized manganese oxides used in water oxidation by some research groups.

Multifunctional Ni-Mg-Bimetal-Activated Zn(O,S) for Hydrogen Generation and Environmental Remediation with Simulated Solar-Light Irradiation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hairus Abdullah ◽  
Hardy Shuwanto ◽  
Dong-Hau Kuo
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Production ◽  
Hexavalent Chromium ◽  
Chemical Transformation ◽  
Environmental Remediation ◽  
Hydrogen Generation ◽  
Hydrogenation Reaction ◽  
Light Irradiation ◽  
Simulated Solar Light ◽  
Solar Light Irradiation ◽  
Photocatalytic Applications

Ni-Mg-Bimetal doped Zn(O,S) has been synthesized, characterized, and tested for several photocatalytic applications such as hydrogen production, hydrogenation reaction for chemical transformation, detoxification of hexavalent chromium, and mixed dye (MB...

Uncertainty studies on hydrogen source term with MAAP5 code

Kerntechnik ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 86 (2) ◽  
pp. 152-163
Author(s):  
T.-C. Wang ◽  
M. Lee
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Production ◽  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Hydrogen Generation ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Latin Hypercube Sampling ◽  
Severe Accident ◽  
Model Parameters ◽  
Power Company ◽  
Sensitivity Studies ◽  
The Impact

Abstract In the present study, a methodology is developed to quantify the uncertainties of special model parameters of the integral severe accident analysis code MAAP5. Here, the in-vessel hydrogen production during a core melt accident for Lungmen Nuclear Power Station of Taiwan Power Company, an advanced boiling water reactor, is analyzed. Sensitivity studies are performed to identify those parameters with an impact on the output parameter. For this, multiple calculations of MAAP5 are performed with input combinations generated from Latin Hypercube Sampling (LHS). The results are analyzed to determine the 95th percentile with 95% confidence level value of the amount of in-vessel hydrogen production. The calculations show that the default model options for IOXIDE and FGBYPA are recommended. The Pearson Correlation Coefficient (PCC) was used to determine the impact of model parameters on the target output parameters and showed that the three parameters TCLMAX, FCO, FOXBJ are highly influencing the in-vessel hydrogen generation. Suggestions of values of these three parameters are given.

scholarly journals Research on hydrogen generation from rapid hydrolysis of aluminum in sodium fluoride solution

2019 ◽  
Vol 118 ◽  
pp. 03048
Author(s):  
Changchun Li ◽  
Yuxin Wu
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Production ◽  
Kinetic Model ◽  
Sodium Fluoride ◽  
Hydrogen Generation ◽  
Hydrogen Yield ◽  
Shrinking Core Model ◽  
Fluoride Solution ◽  
Shrinking Core ◽  
Rapid Hydrolysis ◽  
Hydrolysis Of

Hydrogen generation from rapid hydrolysis of aluminum in sodium fluoride solution was investigated through a hydrolysis experiment. Rapid and instant hydrogen yield were observed using sodium fluoride as additive. The experimental results demonstrate that the increase of temperature and the amount of additives in a certain range will boost the hydrogen production. The amount of additives outside the range only has an effect on the rapid hydrolysis of the aluminum during the initial stage, but the total amount of hydrogen produced doesn’t increased significantly. Theoretical analysis of the effects of the mixing ratio and the temperature on the hydrogen production rates were performed using the shrinking core model and the kinetic model. The shrinking core model parameter a and k indicate the film change degree of porosity and thickness and the effect of time on the diffusion coefficient. the kinetic model is verified and the activation energy confirming hydrogen yield control by a molecular diffusion process. Correspondingly, mechanisms of Al corrosion in NaF solutions under low and high alkalinity were proposed, respectively.

Single crystalline Cu2ZnSnS4 nanosheet arrays for efficient photochemical hydrogen generation

RSC Advances ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 2543-2549 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bo-Jun Li ◽  
Peng-Fei Yin ◽  
Yu-Zhu Zhou ◽  
Zhi-Ming Gao ◽  
Tao Ling ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Production ◽  
Glass Substrate ◽  
Hydrogen Generation ◽  
Solar Hydrogen ◽  
Single Crystalline ◽  
Conductive Glass ◽  
Nanosheet Arrays ◽  
Solar Hydrogen Production

We present a scalable route for the preparation of single crystalline Cu2ZnSnS4 nanosheet arrays on conductive glass substrate, and demonstrate this architecture as an effective photocathode for solar hydrogen production.

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