scholarly journals Wearing a KN95/FFP2 Facemask Has Subtle Effects on Functional Salience Network Interaction

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sven HALLER ◽  
Marie-Louise MONTANDON ◽  
Cristelle RODRIGUEZ ◽  
Panteleimon GIANNAKOPOULOS
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
Resting State Fmri ◽  
Seed Region ◽  
Self Awareness ◽  
Precentral Gyrus ◽  
Fmri Study ◽  
The Many ◽  
High Level ◽  
Brain Functional Connectivity

Abstract BackgroundWide use of wearing a facemask is one of the many consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic. We used resting-state fMRI to search for subtle changes in brain functional connectivity, expected notably related to the high-level salience (SN) and default mode networks (DMN).Materials and MethodsProspective crossover design resting fMRI study with/without wearing a tight FFP2/KN95 facemask, including 24 consecutive male participants (mean age ± SD = 29.9 ± 6.9 years) at 3T. As physiological parameters, respiration frequency and heart rate were monitored. Data analysis was performed using the CONN toolbox.ResultsWearing an FFP2/KN95 facemask did not impact respiration or heart rate but resulted in a significant reduction in functional connectivity between the SN as the seed region and the left middle frontal and precentral gyrus. No difference was found when the DMN, sensorimotor, visual, dorsal attention or language networks were used as seed regions.ConclusionsThe wearing of tight FFP2/KN95 facemasks in men decreases the functional connectivity of the SN, which is known to be involved in communication, social behavior and self-awareness. This phenomenon was confined to the left frontal and precentral gyrus. Our results imply that the wearing of a facemask could impact our ability to detect and react appropriately to salient stimuli by altering the functional connectivity of the SN.

scholarly journals Aberrant Brain Functional Connectivity Related to Insulin Resistance in Type 2 Diabetes: A Resting-State fMRI Study

Diabetes Care ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 37 (6) ◽  
pp. 1689-1696 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu-Chen Chen ◽  
Yun Jiao ◽  
Ying Cui ◽  
Song-An Shang ◽  
Jie Ding ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
Resting State ◽  
Resting State Fmri ◽  
Fmri Study ◽  
Brain Functional Connectivity

Changes in brain functional connectivity patterns are driven by an individual lesion in MS: a resting-state fMRI study

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 1117-1126 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amgad Droby ◽  
Kenneth S. L. Yuen ◽  
Muthuraman Muthuraman ◽  
Sarah-Christina Reitz ◽  
Vinzenz Fleischer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
Resting State ◽  
Resting State Fmri ◽  
Fmri Study ◽  
Connectivity Patterns ◽  
Brain Functional Connectivity

scholarly journals Additive and interaction effects of working memory and motor sequence training on brain functional connectivity

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Priska Zuber ◽  
Laura Gaetano ◽  
Alessandra Griffa ◽  
Manuel Huerbin ◽  
Ludovico Pedullà ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
Processing Speed ◽  
Resting State ◽  
Resting State Fmri ◽  
Interactive Effects ◽  
Angular Gyrus ◽  
Precentral Gyrus ◽  
Motor Sequence ◽  
Brain Functional Connectivity

AbstractAlthough shared behavioral and neural mechanisms between working memory (WM) and motor sequence learning (MSL) have been suggested, the additive and interactive effects of training have not been studied. This study aimed at investigating changes in brain functional connectivity (FC) induced by sequential (WM + MSL and MSL + WM) and combined (WM × MSL) training programs. 54 healthy subjects (27 women; mean age: 30.2 ± 8.6 years) allocated to three training groups underwent twenty-four 40-min training sessions over 6 weeks and four cognitive assessments including functional MRI. A double-baseline approach was applied to account for practice effects. Test performances were compared using linear mixed-effects models and t-tests. Resting state fMRI data were analysed using FSL. Processing speed, verbal WM and manual dexterity increased following training in all groups. MSL + WM training led to additive effects in processing speed and verbal WM. Increased FC was found after training in a network including the right angular gyrus, left superior temporal sulcus, right superior parietal gyrus, bilateral middle temporal gyri and left precentral gyrus. No difference in FC was found between double baselines. Results indicate distinct patterns of resting state FC modulation related to sequential and combined WM and MSL training suggesting a relevance of the order of training performance. These observations could provide new insight for the planning of effective training/rehabilitation.

Depletion of brain functional connectivity enhancement leads to disability progression in multiple sclerosis: A longitudinal resting-state fMRI study

2016 ◽  
Vol 22 (13) ◽  
pp. 1695-1708 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthony Faivre ◽  
Emmanuelle Robinet ◽  
Maxime Guye ◽  
Celia Rousseau ◽  
Adil Maarouf ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
Long Range ◽  
Resting State ◽  
Short Range ◽  
Resting State Fmri ◽  
Disability Progression ◽  
Fmri Study ◽  
Brain Functional Connectivity

Background: The compensatory effect of brain functional connectivity enhancement in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) remains controversial. Objective: To characterize the relationships between brain functional connectivity changes and disability progression in RRMS. Methods: Long-range connectivity, short-range connectivity, and density of connections were assessed using graph theoretical analysis of resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data acquired in 38 RRMS patients (disease duration: 120 ± 32 months) and 24 controls. All subjects were explored at baseline and all patients and six controls 2 years later. Results: At baseline, levels of long-range and short-range brain functional connectivity were higher in patients compared to controls. During the follow-up, decrease in connections’ density was inversely correlated with disability progression. Post-hoc analysis evidenced differential evolution of brain functional connectivity metrics in patients according to their level of disability at baseline: while patients with lowest disability at baseline experienced an increase in all connectivity metrics during the follow-up, patients with higher disability at baseline showed a decrease in the connectivity metrics. In these patients, decrease in the connectivity metrics was associated with disability progression. Conclusion: The study provides two main findings: (1) brain functional connectivity enhancement decreases during the disease course after reaching a maximal level, and (2) decrease in brain functional connectivity enhancement participates in disability progression.

scholarly journals Inflammation is Correlated with Abnormal Functional Connectivity in Unmedicated Bipolar Depression: A Resting State FMRI Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guixian Tang ◽  
Pan Chen ◽  
Guanmao Chen ◽  
Shuming Zhong ◽  
Jiaying Gong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
Resting State ◽  
Bipolar Depression ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Resting State Fmri ◽  
Precentral Gyrus ◽  
Fmri Study ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Objectives Inflammation might play a role in bipolar disorder (BD), but it remains unclear the relationship between inflammation and brain structural and functional abnormalities in patients with BD. In this study, we focused on the alterations of functional connectivity (FC), peripheral pro-inflammatory cytokines and their correlations to investigate the role of inflammation in FC in BD depression.Methods In this study, 42 unmedicated patients with BD II depression and 62 healthy controls (HCs) were enrolled. Resting-state-functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) was performed in all participants and independent component analysis (ICA) was used. Serum levels of Interleukin-6 (IL-6) and Interleukin-8 (IL-8) were measured in all participants. Correlation between FC values and IL-6 and IL-8 levels in BD was calculated.Results Compared with the HCs, BD II patients showed decreased FC in the left orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) implicating the limbic network and the right precentral gyrus implicating the somatomotor network (SMN). BD II showed increased IL-6 (P = 0.039), IL-8 (P = 0.002) levels. Moreover, abnormal FC in the right precentral gyrus were inversely correlated with the IL-8 (r=-0.458, P = 0.004) levels in BD II. No significant correlation was found between FC in the left OFC and cytokines levels.Conclusions Our findings that serum IL-8 levels is associated with impaired FC in the right precentral gyrus in BD II patients suggest that inflammation might play a crucial role in brain functional abnormalities in BD.

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