scholarly journals Metabolically Healthy Obesity and Physical Fitness in Military Males in the CHIEF Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sheng-Huei Wang ◽  
Pei-Shou Chung ◽  
Yen-Po Lin ◽  
Kun-Zhe Tsai ◽  
Ssu-Chin Lin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Intake ◽  
Analysis Of Covariance ◽  
Metabolically Healthy Obesity ◽  
Physically Active ◽  
P Values ◽  
Metabolically Healthy Obese ◽  
Male Cohort ◽  
Healthy Obese ◽  
Metabolically Healthy ◽  
The Difference

Abstract The metabolically healthy obese (MHO) characterized by the absence of abdominal obesity have been reported to have superior cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) than the metabolically unhealthy obese (MUO). However, this finding might be biased by the baseline sedentary behavior in the general population.This study utilized 3,669 physically active military males aged 18-50 years in Taiwan. Obesity and metabolically unhealthy were respectively defined as body mass index ≥27.5 kg/m2 and waist circumference ≥90 cm, specifically for Asian male adults. Four groups were accordingly classified as the metabolically healthy lean (MHL, n=2,607), metabolically unhealthy lean (MUL, n=234), MHO (n=208) and MUO (n=620). CRF was evaluated by time for a 3-kilometer run, and muscular strengths were separately assessed by numbers of push-up and sit-up within 2 minutes. Analysis of covariance was utilized to compare the difference in each exercise performance between groups adjusting for age, service specialty, smoking, alcohol intake, and physical activity.The prevalence of metabolic syndrome in MUO, MHO, MUL and MHL was 45.3% 13.0%, 29.1% and 3.7%, respectively. The performance of CRF did not differ between MHO and MUO (895.3±5.1 sec and 891.5±3.1 sec, p=0.68) which were both inferior to MUL and MHL (877.5±4.8 sec and 849.5±1.4 sec, all p-values <0.05). The performance of muscular strengths evaluated by 2-minute push-ups did not differ between MUL and MUO (44.8±0.2 and 45.2±0.5, p=0.40) which were both less than MHO and MHL (48.1±0.8 and 50.5±0.2, all p-values <0.05). However, the performance of 2-minute sit- ups were only superior in MHL (48.0±0.2) as compared with MUL, MHO and MUO (46.0±0.5, 46.7±0.5 and 46.2±0.3, respectively, all p-values <0.05).Our findings suggested that in a physically active male cohort, the MHO might have greater muscle strengths, but have similar CRF level compared with the MUO.

scholarly journals Metabolically healthy obesity and physical fitness in military males in the CHIEF study

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sheng-Huei Wang ◽  
Pei-Shou Chung ◽  
Yen-Po Lin ◽  
Kun-Zhe Tsai ◽  
Ssu-Chin Lin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
International Diabetes Federation ◽  
Analysis Of Covariance ◽  
Physically Active ◽  
Metabolically Healthy Obese ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Male Cohort ◽  
Healthy Obese ◽  
Metabolically Healthy ◽  
The Difference

AbstractThe metabolically healthy obese (MHO) characterized by the absence of metabolic syndrome have shown superior cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) and similar muscular strength as compared with the metabolically unhealthy obese (MUO). However, this finding might be biased by the baseline sedentary behavior in the general population. This study utilized 3669 physically active military males aged 18–50 years in Taiwan. Obesity and metabolically unhealthy were respectively defined as body mass index ≥ 27.5 kg/m2 and presence of at least two major components of the metabolic syndrome, according to the International Diabetes Federation criteria for Asian male adults. Four groups were accordingly classified as the metabolically healthy lean (MHL, n = 2510), metabolically unhealthy lean (MUL, n = 331), MHO (n = 181) and MUO (n = 647). CRF was evaluated by time for a 3-km run, and muscular strengths were separately assessed by numbers of push-up and sit-up within 2 min. Analysis of covariance was utilized to compare the difference in each exercise performance between groups adjusting for age, service specialty, smoking, alcohol intake and physical activity. The metabolic syndrome prevalence in MUL and MUO was 49.8% and 47.6%, respectively. The performance of CRF did not differ between MHO and MUO (892.3 ± 5.4 s and 892.6 ± 3.0 s, p = 0.97) which were both inferior to MUL and MHL (875.2 ± 4.0 s and 848.6 ± 1.3 s, all p values < 0.05). The performance of muscular strengths evaluated by 2-min push-ups did not differ between MUL and MUO (45.3 ± 0.6 and 45.2 ± 0.4, p = 0.78) which were both less than MHO and MHL (48.4 ± 0.8 and 50.6 ± 0.2, all p values < 0.05). However, the performance of 2-min sit-ups were only superior in MHL (48.1 ± 0.1) as compared with MUL, MHO and MUO (45.9 ± 0.4, 46.7 ± 0.5 and 46.1 ± 0.3, respectively, all p values < 0.05). Our findings suggested that in a physically active male cohort, the MHO might have greater muscle strengths, but have similar CRF level compared with the MUO.

scholarly journals Metabolically healthy obesity: Is it really benign?

2021 ◽  
pp. 24-26
Author(s):  
Nikolaos Kourris ◽  
Konstantinos Tziomalos
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Metabolic Abnormalities ◽  
Metabolically Healthy Obesity ◽  
Metabolically Healthy Obese ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Healthy Obese ◽  
Metabolically Healthy ◽  
Metabolically Unhealthy Obesity

Recently, a subgroup of patients with obesity but without cardiometabolic abnormalities has attracted considerable attention and has been characterized as metabolically healthy obese (MHO) patients. MHO is quite prevalent among patients with obesity. Even though these subjects have less pronounced metabolic abnormalities compared with patients with metabolically unhealthy obesity (MUO), they are at increased risk for progressing to MUO and for developing cardiovascular disease. Accordingly, diet, exercise and appropriate pharmacotherapy should be recommended to patients with MHO as strongly as in those with MUO.

scholarly journals Metabolically healthy obesity and the risk of all-cause and cardiovascular disease mortality in a Korean population: a prospective cohort study

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. e049063
Author(s):  
Seong-Ah Kim ◽  
Kyungjoon Lim ◽  
Jong-Koo Lee ◽  
Daehee Kang ◽  
Sangah Shin
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Elevated Risk ◽  
Korean Population ◽  
Metabolically Healthy Obesity ◽  
Metabolically Healthy Obese ◽  
All Cause Mortality ◽  
Healthy Obese ◽  
Metabolically Healthy ◽  
Reduced Risk ◽  
Cvd Mortality

ObjectivesThis study aimed to examine the association between metabolically healthy obesity and all-cause and cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality in a Korean population.DesignA prospective study.SettingThis study used data from the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study.ParticipantsA total of 140 137 participants were followed up over a median period of 9.2 years. Participants were categorised into four groups according to obesity (obese: body mass index ≥25 kg/m2 or non-obese) and metabolic health (metabolically unhealthy: two or more metabolic abnormalities or metabolically healthy).Primary and secondary outcome measuresAll-cause and CVD mortality of the participants until 31 December 2018 were ascertained by the National Health Insurance Service of beneficiary status of Korea.ResultsMetabolically unhealthy non-obese participants were at elevated risk of all-cause mortality (HR, 1.12; 95% CI, 1.04 to 1.21; p=0.0019) and CVD mortality (HR, 1.39; 95% CI, 1.17 to 1.65; p=0.0002), particularly mortality from ischaemic heart disease (IHD) (HR, 1.54; 95% CI, 1.10 to 2.14; p=0.0116) compared with metabolically healthy non-obese participants. Surprisingly, metabolically healthy obese participants were at reduced risk of all-cause mortality (HR, 0.89; 95% CI, 0.81 to 0.98; p=0.0197). Metabolically unhealthy obese participants were at elevated risk of CVD mortality (HR, 1.51; 95% CI, 1.26 to 1.81; p<0.0001) and IHD mortality (HR, 1.88; 95% CI, 1.35 to 2.63; p=0.0002) compared with metabolically healthy non-obese participants.ConclusionsIn a Korean population, metabolically healthy obese participants had reduced risk of all-cause mortality compared with their non-obese counterparts, whereas metabolically unhealthy participants had elevated risk of CVD mortality, in particular mortality from IHD regardless of obesity.

scholarly journals Effect of Alternate-Day Fasting on Weight Loss, Weight Maintenance, and Cardioprotection Among Metabolically Healthy Obese Adults

2017 ◽  
Vol 177 (7) ◽  
pp. 930 ◽  
Author(s):  
John F. Trepanowski ◽  
Cynthia M. Kroeger ◽  
Adrienne Barnosky ◽  
Monica C. Klempel ◽  
Surabhi Bhutani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Weight Maintenance ◽  
Obese Adults ◽  
Metabolically Healthy Obese ◽  
Alternate Day Fasting ◽  
Healthy Obese ◽  
Metabolically Healthy

Abstract 17843: Visceral Adipose Tissue Secretion of Adiponectin Decreases with Increased Body Mass Index

Circulation ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 130 (suppl_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lenore R Rengel ◽  
Brittaney Obi ◽  
Jon Gould ◽  
Matthew Goldblatt ◽  
Andrew Kastenmeier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Visceral Adipose Tissue ◽  
Metabolic Health ◽  
Metabolically Healthy Obese ◽  
Obese Subjects ◽  
Healthy Obese ◽  
Metabolically Healthy ◽  
Visceral Adipose ◽  
Subcutaneous Adipose

Introduction: Peripheral adiposity is associated with better metabolic health and higher plasma adiponectin (ADPN) levels. Since ADPN is secreted mainly by adipose tissue (AT), it is intriguing that higher visceral adipose tissue (VAT) is associated with lower ADPN levels and poor metabolic health. Hypothesis: We hypothesized that various AT depots differ in their ability to secrete ADPN. Methods: Paired AT samples (VAT and subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT)) were collected from 19 subjects (10 women, 15 obese) undergoing elective abdominal surgery. The samples were cultured and the supernatant was collected after 24 hours. ADPN levels released into the supernatant from VAT and SAT were measured using multiplex methods. Subjects were defined as obese or non-obese (NO) based on BMI > or ≤ 30kg/m2 respectively. Obese subjects were further classified as metabolically unhealthy obese (MUO) or metabolically healthy obese (MHO) based on presence or absence of type 2 diabetes mellitus, hypertension, or cardiovascular disease at the time of surgery. Results: Mean ADPN secretion levels from SAT and VAT were similar in NO subjects (17.3 ± 3.4 vs. 9.8 ± 13.0 ng/mL/mg, p=0.5) whereas the mean ADPN secretion was lower from VAT among obese subjects (15.9 ± 0.8 vs. 4.5 ± 0.2 ng/mL/mg, p=0.0002). ADPN secretion decreased from VAT (r=-0.16) and increased from SAT (r=0.33) with increased BMI (Fig.1). When MHO and MUO were compared, ADPN secretion from VAT in MHO was reduced only slightly (16.1 ± 8.2 vs. 4.0 ± 2.0 ng/mL/mg, p=0.07) whereas ADPN secretion was significantly reduced in MUO (15.9 ± 5.3 vs. 4.7 ± 4.6 ng/mL/mg, p=0.003). Conclusions: Reduced ADPN secretion from VAT in subjects with increasing BMI may explain lower circulating ADPN levels in obese individuals. Higher ADPN production from SAT and the relatively preserved secretion of ADPN from VAT may explain metabolic health in some obese individuals. Futures studies will help identify factors that control ADPN secretion from AT.

Abstract 13508: Obesity Phenotype and the Risk of Hypertension and Type 2 Diabetes: Does Cardiorespiratory Fitness Matter?

Circulation ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 130 (suppl_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sae Young Jae ◽  
Mercedes Carnethon ◽  
Won Hah Park ◽  
Bo Fernhall
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Cardiorespiratory Fitness ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Incident Hypertension ◽  
Metabolically Healthy Obese ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Healthy Obese ◽  
Metabolically Healthy

There is conflicting evidence regarding the association between metabolically healthy obese (MHO) and metabolically unhealthy normal weight (MUNW) with incident hypertension and type 2 diabetes. The role of cardiorespiratory fitness on these associations has not been fully explored. We tested the hypothesis that obesity phenotypes predict incident hypertension and type 2 diabetes, but cardiorespiratory fitness modifies these associations in a prospective study of apparently healthy men. 3800 men (mean age 48±6 yrs, range 20-76 yrs) participated in two health examinations during 1998-2009. All subjects were free of hypertension and type 2 diabetes at baseline examination. MHO was defined as obesity (body mass index ≥ 25 kg/m2) with no more than one metabolic abnormality, and MUNW was defined as body mass index < 23 kg/m2) with two or more abnormalities. Cardiorespiratory fitness was directly measured by peak oxygen uptake during a treadmill test. Incident hypertension and type 2 diabetes were defined as blood pressure ≥140/90mmHg and as ≥6.5% of HbA1c or ≥126mg/dl of fasting glucose at second examination, respectively. During an average follow-up of 5 years (1-12 yrs), there were 371 (9.8%) men incident hypertension and 170 (4.5%) men incident type 2 diabetes. MHO and MUNW were present in 844 (22%) and 249 (6.6%) men. Compared with metabolically healthy normal weight men, MHO and MUNW men were at increased risk for hypertension (relative risk (RR) =1.82, 95% Confidence Interval (CI): 1.29-2.56 and 1.75, 1.11-2.74) and type 2 diabetes (RR=3.68, 1.92-7.07 and 5.35, 2.61-10.94), respectively. These risks in MHO and MUNW men were still persisted with adjustment for confounder variables and cardiorespiratory fitness (hypertension=1.57, 1.05-2.34 and 1.59, 1.01-2.51; type 2 diabetes=3.35, 1.63-6.89 and 4.76, 2.32-9.77). Metabolically healthy obese or metabolically unhealthy normal weight men were at increased risk of hypertension and type 2 diabetes compared with metabolically healthy normal weight men. However, these associations were not attenuated by cardiorespiratory fitness or other confounder factors.

scholarly journals OR20-4 NMRI-metabolomics Variables Associated With The Metabolically-healthy Obese Phenotype And The Transitions Between Metabolically-healthy And Unhealthy Obesity Phenotypes.

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Arsenio Vargas-Vazquez ◽  
Omar Bello-Chavolla ◽  
Neftali Antonio Villa ◽  
Donaji Veronica Gomez-Velazquez ◽  
Carlos Aguilar Salinas
Keyword(s):  
Metabolically Healthy Obese ◽  
Healthy Obese ◽  
Metabolically Healthy ◽  
Obese Phenotype

scholarly journals The prevalence of metabolically healthy obesity according to the sample of the Moscow region

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 51-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena V. Ostrovskaya ◽  
Tatiana I. Romantsova ◽  
Andrei N. Gerasimov ◽  
Tamara E. Novoselova
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Carbohydrate Metabolism ◽  
Medical Records ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Homa Index ◽  
Obese Patients ◽  
Hip Circumference ◽  
Metabolically Healthy Obese ◽  
Healthy Obese ◽  
Metabolically Healthy

Introduction. Obesity is a major factor for cardiometabolic risk. However, there is a category of obese patients without disorders of lipid, carbohydrate metabolism and cardiovascular disease metabolically healthy obese (MHO). Aim. Our goal was to investigate the prevalence and characteristics of this phenotype compared to patients with metabolic syndrome (MS). Materials and methods. To evaluate the prevalence of the MHO phenotype we analyzed 389 medical records of females aged 1860 years with obesity. Three types of MHO criteria were used: 1) HOMA index (2.7); 2) IDF-criteria of metabolic syndrome, 2005; 3) the BioSHaRE-EU 2013 criteria (obese patients without any symptoms of MS). We conducted a comparative analysis of anthropometry, status of lipid and carbohydrate metabolism, the functional state of the liver. Results. The MHO prevalence was: 34.5% according to HOMA index, according to the definitions of MS 2005 38.6%, in BioSHaRE-EU 9.6%. In groups of MHO and MS dyslipidemia was observed in 27.3 and 49.5% (p0.05), hypertension in 25% and 71.6% (p0.05), steatogepatosis in 47.7% vs 51.3% (p0.05) of observations, respectively. Among comorbidities the gynecological pathology was most prevalent - 50.8 and 61.4% (p0.05), disorders of carbohydrate metabolism differed significantly in frequency- 6.82 and 39.1% of patients (p0.05). Patients with MHO had a shorter duration of the existence of obesity than MS (18.7 vs. 24 years) (p=0.0004) and less likely to have attempted to reduce weight 85.8% and 91.6%. Average BMI, waist circumference, hip circumference, fasting glucose, total cholesterol, insulin basal, basal C-peptide, HOMA index in groups of MHO and MS differed significantly (p0.05). Median ALT was 20 and 23.2 U/l, AST 20 and 23 U/l, triglycerides 1.1 and 1.8 mmol/l, high-density lipoprotein 1.4 and 1.1 mmol/l, respectively. Conclusions. The MHO prevalence was maximal according to the MS definitions from 2005, and minimal with BioSHaRE-EU criteria. The main analyzed indicators differed significantly in groups MHO and MS. Longer obesity existence in the MS group may suggest an instability of MHO phenotype over time.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document