scholarly journals False Memory in Borderline Personality Disorder

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatemeh Sajjadi ◽  
Martin Sellbom ◽  
Julien Gross ◽  
Harlene Hayne
Keyword(s):  
Borderline Personality Disorder ◽  
Personality Disorder ◽  
False Memory ◽  
Alternative Model ◽  
False Memories ◽  
Borderline Personality ◽  
Clinical Population ◽  
Dissociative Experiences ◽  
Word Lists ◽  
Significant Impairment

Abstract Background: Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD) is a mental disorder characterized by significant impairment in intrapersonal and interpersonal functioning, as well as patterns of personality pathology. Memory deficits are not recognized as a core symptom of BPD, but BPD patients have long been suspected to have inaccurate perceptions, disturbed memory processes, and an increased tendency to develop false memories. Methods: In the present study, we examined whether there was an association between BPD and the production of false memories in the Deese-Roediger-McDermott (DRM) paradigm—a laboratory-based procedure that is frequently used to investigate false memory. We also compared the traditional and alternative model of BPD with respect to false memory. A total of 298 university students completed the McLean Screening Instrument for Borderline Personality Disorder, SCID-II Personality Questionnaire, Borderline Personality Disorder Impairment Scale, Personality Inventory for DSM-5, Beck Depression Inventory, Dissociative Experiences Scale, and Traumatic Life Events Questionnaire. The participants were also tested using both traditional DRM word lists as well as word lists that were specifically associated with BPD. Results: Using the traditional diagnosis of BPD, BPD symptoms were correlated with higher false memory for positive information; in the alternative model of BPD, identity impairment and anxiousness were correlated with the overall false memory score. We also found that trauma and dissociation mediated the relation between BPD and false memory. Conclusions: These findings are discussed in terms of how the consequences of trauma, such as dissociation and identity disturbance, are associated with false memory. Whether false memory rates are higher in a clinical population of patients with BPD remains to be determined.

Personality Disorders

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yosefa A. Ehrlich ◽  
Amir Garakani ◽  
Stephanie R Pavlos ◽  
Larry Siever
Keyword(s):  
Borderline Personality Disorder ◽  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Personality Disorders ◽  
Diagnostic Criteria ◽  
Early Adulthood ◽  
Borderline Personality ◽  
Clinical Population ◽  
Organizational System ◽  
Medical Disorders

Personality can be defined as an organizational system of self that shapes the manner in which a person interacts with his or her environment. Personality traits develop in adolescence or early adulthood and are thought to be shaped by early childhood experiences and enduring throughout a lifetime. Personality traits that prevent an individual from being able to function in society or that cause significant distress are diagnosed as personality disorders. A thorough history is needed to rule out other psychiatric and medical disorders. This chapter reviews the diagnostic criteria, differential diagnosis, comorbidity, prevalence, etiology (including genetics and neurobiology), prognosis, and treatment of paranoid, schizoid, schizotypal, borderline, antisocial, narcissistic, histrionic, avoidant, obsessive-compulsive, and dependent personality disorders. A discussion of the relevance of personality disorders to primary care practices and approaches to managing such patients is also included. Tables describe the diagnostic criteria of each personality disorder. Figures illustrate the prevalence of personality disorders in the general and psychiatric populations; schizotypal personality disorder in the community, general population, and clinical population; childhood trauma in individuals with personality disorder; and comorbid disorders in individuals with borderline personality disorder. A model of brain processing in borderline personality disorder is also featured. This chapter contains 5 highly rendered figures, 10 tables, 230 references, and 5 MCQs.

Differentiating Between Bipolar Affective Disorder (Bd) and Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD) – a Clinical Case

2016 ◽  
Vol 33 (S1) ◽  
pp. S504-S504
Author(s):  
A. Ballesteros ◽  
A. Petcu ◽  
B. Cortés ◽  
L. Montes ◽  
F. Inchausti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Borderline Personality Disorder ◽  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Affective Disorder ◽  
Dialectical Behavior Therapy ◽  
Clinical Case ◽  
Bipolar Affective Disorder ◽  
Borderline Personality ◽  
Clinical Population ◽  
Clinical Approach ◽  
Novelty Seeking

IntroductionRecent studies suggest that Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD) could be regarded as an affective disorder within the Bipolar Affective Disorder (BP) spectrum. This is supported by evidence suggesting a clinical/neurobiological overlap between these two disorders. The Temperament and Character Inventory Revised (TCI-R) may help differentiate between the two disorders and orientate the clinical approach, considering the evidence of the medium-term temporal stability of TCI-R in a clinical population.ObjectiveWe present a clinical case diagnosed with BD which underwent testing using TCI-R. TCI-R orientated towards a secondary diagnosis of BPD and the case further received a course of Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT) which led to clinical improvement. We therefore study the usefulness of TCI-R in this clinical setting.AimsTo study whether TCI-R may help differentiate between BD and BPD in mood stabilized patients.MethodOur patient is a 52-year-old married male diagnosed with BD. Considering his clinical features of impulsivity/instability of behaviors and pathological interpersonal relationships, patient was started on individual DBT (fortnightly, 4 months). Psychotropic treatment (paroxetine 30 mg/day, lithium 1000 mg/day, aripiprazole 15 mg/day) was not modified.ResultsTCI-R scores: harm avoidance (100%), novelty seeking (53%), reward dependence (20%), persistence (18%), self-directedness (1%), cooperativeness (2%) and self-transcendence (48%). After 4 months of therapy, the patient improved in distress tolerance, acceptance, behavioral activation and assertiveness.ConclusionsTCI-R is an inventory for personality traits in which character scores differ markedly between PD and non-PD patients. It is a useful tool in BPD patients orientating the clinician in the differential diagnosis and the treatment approach.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

Association between Childhood Trauma and Dissociation Among Patients with Borderline Personality Disorder

2006 ◽  
Vol 40 (5) ◽  
pp. 478-481 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stuart Watson ◽  
Roy Chilton ◽  
Helen Fairchild ◽  
Peter Whewell
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Abuse ◽  
Borderline Personality Disorder ◽  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Childhood Trauma ◽  
Emotional Abuse ◽  
Borderline Personality ◽  
Childhood Trauma Questionnaire ◽  
Dissociative Experiences Scale ◽  
Dissociative Experiences ◽  
Scale Scores

Objective: To examine the relationship between childhood trauma and dissociative experience in adulthood in patients with borderline personality disorder. Method: Dissociative experiences scale scores and subscale scores for the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire were correlated in 139 patients. Patients were dichotomized into high or low dissociators using the Median Dissociative Experiences Scale score as the cut-off. Results: Childhood Trauma Questionnaire Subscale scores for emotional and physical abuse and emotional neglect but not sexual abuse correlated significantly with Dissociative Experiences Scale scores. High dissociators reported significantly greater levels of emotional abuse, physical abuse, emotional neglect and physical neglect but not sexual abuse than low dissociators. Conclusion: Patients with borderline personality disorder therefore demonstrated levels of dissociation that increased with levels of childhood trauma, supporting the hypothesis that traumatic childhood experiences engender dissociative symptoms later in life. Emotional abuse and neglect may be at least as important as physical and sexual abuse in the development of dissociative symptoms.

Comorbid personality disorders and their impact on severe dissociative experiences in Mexican patients with borderline personality disorder

2019 ◽  
Vol 73 (8) ◽  
pp. 509-514 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrés Rodríguez-Delgado ◽  
Ana Fresán ◽  
Edgar Miranda ◽  
Eduardo Garza-Villarreal ◽  
Ruth Alcalá-Lozano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Borderline Personality Disorder ◽  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Personality Disorders ◽  
Borderline Personality ◽  
Dissociative Experiences ◽  
Mexican Patients

scholarly journals Interpersonal Functioning in Borderline Personality Disorder Traits: A Social Media Perspective

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinnie Ooi ◽  
John Michael ◽  
Sakari Lemola ◽  
Stephen Butterfill ◽  
Cynthia S. Q. Siew ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Borderline Personality Disorder ◽  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Borderline Personality ◽  
Therapeutic Interventions ◽  
Clinical Population ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Interpersonal Difficulties ◽  
Using Data

AbstractThis is the first study to demonstrate interpersonal difficulties associated with borderline personality disorder (BPD) features in the domain of social media. Using crowdsourcing, we presented participants with a battery of questions about their recent social media use, and then assessed their BPD features using the short form of the Five-Factor Borderline Inventory. The results revealed that individuals with higher BPD trait scores reported posting more often on social media, as well as a higher incidence of experiencing regret after posting on social media, and of deleting or editing their posts. They also report a higher degree of importance of social media in their social behavior and daily routines. These results highlight the pervasiveness of interpersonal difficulties associated with BPD features even in the non-clinical population, and demonstrate that these difficulties are also observable in social media behavior. Our findings may provide a starting point for research using data from social media to illuminate the cognitive and emotional processes underpinning the interpersonal difficulties associated with BPD features, and to inform and assess therapeutic interventions.

Sub-clinical borderline personality disorder symptoms as predictor of suicidality and non-suicidal self-injury in young Pakistani females

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Gull Zareen ◽  
Farzana Ashraf ◽  
Admin
Keyword(s):  
Borderline Personality Disorder ◽  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Borderline Personality ◽  
Clinical Population ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Self Injury ◽  
Personality Features

Abstract The aim of this study was to determine if suicidal and non-suicidal self-injury can be predicted by the symptoms of Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD) and if non-suicidal self-injury predicts suicidality in young adult females. In this cross-sectional study, 150 undergraduate females (mean age 20.47±3.17) were conveniently sampled and assessed on McLean Screening Instrument for Borderline Personality Disorder, Suicidal Behaviour Questionnaire-Revised, and the Inventory of Statements about Self-injury. Borderline Personality features significantly predicted suicidal ideation and behaviour (?=.383, p<.001) and non-suicidal self-injury (?.282, p<.01). Likewise, non-suicidal self-injury was positively associated with suicidality (r =.330, p<.01). Even sub-threshold BPD features in a non-clinical population may be predictive of suicidal and non-suicidal self-injury. Future research should be based on the management and interventional strategies for tested constructs. Further, screening measures need to be introduced to better detect population at risk of subclinical BPD, suicidal ideation and self-injury. Keywords: Suicidal, Self-injury, Continuous...

Autobiographical memory and dissociation in borderline personality disorder

1999 ◽  
Vol 29 (6) ◽  
pp. 1397-1404 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. JONES ◽  
H. HEARD ◽  
M. STARTUP ◽  
M. SWALES ◽  
J. M. G. WILLIAMS ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Borderline Personality Disorder ◽  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Autobiographical Memory ◽  
Borderline Personality ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Trait Anger ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Dissociative Experiences ◽  
Episodic Information ◽  
Anxiety Trait

Background. This study investigated whether individuals with borderline personality disorder (BPD) tend to be overgeneral in their autobiographical recall and whether the extent of their overgeneral recall covaries with their susceptibilities to dissociative experiences, as expected on theoretical grounds.Methods. Twenty-three patients with BPD and 23 matched controls completed the Autobiographical Memory Test (AMT) and self-report measures of depression, anxiety, trait anger and dissociative experiences.Results. Participants with BPD scored significantly higher than the control group on the measures of depression, anxiety, trait anger, and dissociative experiences and also retrieved significantly more general memories on the AMT. The number of general memories retrieved by the BPD group correlated significantly with their dissociation scores but not with their scores on mood measures.Conclusions. Patients with BPD have difficulties in recalling specific autobiographical memories. These difficulties are related to their tendency to dissociate and may help them to avoid episodic information that would evoke acutely negative affect.

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