scholarly journals Single-Cell Transcriptomic Landscape Reveals the Differences in Cell Differentiation and Immune Microenvironment of Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma Between Genders

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miaoguan Peng ◽  
Guohong Wei ◽  
Yunjian Zhang ◽  
Hai Li ◽  
Yingrong Lai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Differentiation ◽  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Thyroid Carcinoma ◽  
Single Cell ◽  
Dominant Gene ◽  
Immune Microenvironment ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Cell Clusters ◽  
Female Patients ◽  
The Impact

Abstract BackgroundPapillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is the main pathological type of thyroid carcinoma (TC). Gender is a prominent background parameter for patients with PTC. Here, we aimed to delineate the differences in cell clusters and immune microenvironment in relation to gender in PTC.ResultsMalignant epithelial cells were divided into two distinct subsets in male and female patients with PTC. Moreover, significant differences involving copy-number variations (CNVs), gene profiles, and cell differentiation were detected between male and female patients. Regarding the interactions of fibroblasts and endothelial cells with malignant epithelial cells, members of the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) family and their receptors were considered as typical in female patients with PTC, while transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGFB1) and its receptors were typical of male patients with PTC. The characteristics of B cells, including cell clusters, cell differentiation, and dominant gene sets, were significantly different between genders. ConclusionsOur data revealed the detailed differences in cell clusters and immune microenvironment in PTC according to gender at the single-cell level, which provided new insights into the understanding of the impact of gender on PTC.

scholarly journals Single‐cell transcriptomic landscape reveals the differences in cell differentiation and immune microenvironment of papillary thyroid carcinoma between genders

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Miaoguan Peng ◽  
Guohong Wei ◽  
Yunjian Zhang ◽  
Hai Li ◽  
Yingrong Lai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Differentiation ◽  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Thyroid Carcinoma ◽  
Single Cell ◽  
Immune Microenvironment ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Cell Clusters ◽  
Female Patients ◽  
Gene Profiles ◽  
Male Patients

Abstract Background Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is the main pathological type of thyroid carcinoma (TC). Gender is a prominent background parameter for patients with PTC. Here, we aimed to delineate the differences in cell clusters and immune microenvironment in relation to gender in PTC. Methods We generated 6720, 14,666, and 33,373 single-cell transcriptomes that were pooled from the tissues of four male patients with PTC, seven female patients with PTC, and three patients with nodular goiter, respectively. We performed single-cell RNA-sequencing (scRNA-seq) based on BD Rhapsody and characterized the first single-cell transcriptomic landscape of PTC involving gender. The differential cell clusters and their gene profiles were identified and analyzed via a multi-resolution network in male and female patients. The interactions of fibroblasts and endothelial cells with malignant epithelial cells and the difference in the immune infiltration of B and T lymphocytes according to gender were assessed. Results Malignant epithelial cells were divided into two distinct subsets in male and female patients with PTC. Moreover, significant differences involving inferred copy-number variations (CNVs), gene profiles, and cell differentiation were detected between male and female patients. Regarding the interactions of fibroblasts and endothelial cells with malignant epithelial cells, members of the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) family and their receptors were considered as typical in female patients with PTC, while transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGFB1) and its receptors were typical of male patients with PTC. The characteristics of B cells, including cell clusters, cell differentiation, and dominant gene sets, were significantly different between genders. Conclusions Our data revealed the detailed differences in cell clusters and immune microenvironment in PTC according to gender at the single-cell level, which provided new insights into the understanding of the impact of gender on PTC.

scholarly journals Single cell transcriptomic analysis reveals cellular diversity of murine esophageal epithelium and age-associated mitochondrial dysfunction

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Faujul Kabir ◽  
Adam Karami ◽  
Ricardo Cruz-Acuna ◽  
Alena Klochkova ◽  
Reshu Saxena ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mitochondrial Dysfunction ◽  
Single Cell ◽  
Molecular Characteristics ◽  
Molecular Heterogeneity ◽  
Basal Cells ◽  
Esophageal Epithelium ◽  
Squamous Differentiation ◽  
Cell Clusters ◽  
Tissue Aging ◽  
The Impact

ABSTRACTStratified squamous epithelium of the esophagus is comprised of basal keratinocytes that execute a terminal differentiation program in overlying suprabasal and superficial cell layers. Although morphologic progression coupled with expression of specific molecular markers has been characterized along the esophageal epithelial differentiation gradient, the molecular heterogeneity within the cell types along this trajectory has yet to be classified at the level of single cell resolution. To explore the molecular characteristics of esophageal keratinocytes along the squamous differentiation continuum, we performed single cell RNA-Sequencing transcriptomic profiling of 7,972 cells from murine esophageal epithelial sheets. We identified 8 distinct cell clusters in esophageal epithelium, unveiling an unexpected level of diversity, particularly among basal cells. We further mapped the cellular pathways and lineage trajectories within basal, suprabasal, and superficial clusters as well as within the heterogeneous basal cell populations, providing a comprehensive molecular view of esophageal epithelial cells in the context of squamous differentiation. Finally, we explored the impact of tissue aging upon esophageal epithelial cell clusters and demonstrated that mitochondrial dysfunction is a feature of aging in normal esophageal epithelium. These studies provide an unparalleled molecular perspective on murine esophageal keratinocytes that will serve as a valuable resource for dissecting cell type-specific roles in esophageal biology under conditions of homeostasis, aging, and tissue pathology.

The impact of sexual dysfunction on quality of life in male and female patients with musculoskeletal disorders

2011 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 218-219
Author(s):  
A. Triantafyllou ◽  
E. Gavriilaki ◽  
G. Triantafyllou ◽  
P. Anyfanti ◽  
A. Pyrpasopoulou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Sexual Dysfunction ◽  
Musculoskeletal Disorders ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Female Patients ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals Comparing Sex-Specific Outcomes After Medial Patellofemoral Ligament Reconstruction for Patellar Instability: A Systematic Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 232596712110581
Author(s):  
A.J. Fancher ◽  
A.J. Hinkle ◽  
M.L. Vopat ◽  
K. Templeton ◽  
A. Tarakemeh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Systematic Reviews ◽  
Patellar Instability ◽  
Ligament Reconstruction ◽  
Medial Patellofemoral Ligament ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Female Patients ◽  
Secondary Purpose ◽  
The Impact

Background: The impact of patient sex on outcomes after medial patellofemoral ligament ligament reconstruction (MPFLR) has not been well studied. Purpose: To conduct a systematic review to determine sex-based differences in outcomes after MPFLR for patellar instability and the proportion of studies examining this as a primary or secondary purpose. Study Design: Systematic review; Level of evidence, 4. Methods: A systematic review was performed using the PubMed, Cochrane Library, PubMed Central, Ovid, and Embase databases according to PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines. Studies were included if they were written in English, were performed on humans, consisted of patients who underwent MPFLR with allograft or autograft, evaluated at least 1 of the selected outcomes comparing male and female patients, and had statistical analysis available for relevant findings. Excluded were case reports, review studies or systematic reviews, studies that did not evaluate at least 1 sex-specific outcome, studies that included other injuries associated with patellofemoral instability injury, cadaveric studies, and those in which patients underwent concomitant procedures. Results: The initial search yielded 3470 studies; 2647 studies remained after removing duplicates. Of the 401 studies that underwent full-text review, 10 met all inclusion criteria and were included for quantitative analysis. A meta-analysis could not be performed given the heterogeneity within the data set. Of the 2647 studies evaluated in this study, only 2 (0.08%) studies examined the impact of patient sex on MPFLR outcomes as a primary purpose and only 8 (0.30%) studies explored it as a secondary purpose. Conclusion: Only 0.38% of the articles compared outcomes between male and female patients after MPFLR. The limited data available were too heterogenous to draw any concrete conclusions about the impact of patient sex on outcomes after MPFLR. Further research in this area is warranted, as findings may influence treatment plans and improve patient outcomes.

The impact of Diabetes Mellitus on Lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) in both male and female patients

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 454-457 ◽  
Author(s):  
Efstathios Papaefstathiou ◽  
Kyriakos Moysidis ◽  
Pavlos Sarafis ◽  
Evaggelos Ioannidis ◽  
Konstantinos Hatzimouratidis
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms ◽  
Lower Urinary Tract ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Female Patients ◽  
Urinary Tract Symptoms ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Lower Urinary

The Impact of Minimally Invasive Pituitary Surgery on Male and Female Sexual Dysfunction in Patients with Pituitary Adenoma

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Aydin Talat Baydar ◽  
Ali Yasin Ozercan ◽  
Denizhan Divanlioglu ◽  
Zeynep Daglar ◽  
Melih Balci ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pituitary Adenoma ◽  
Sexual Dysfunction ◽  
Minimally Invasive ◽  
Sexual Function ◽  
Pituitary Adenomas ◽  
Female Sexual Dysfunction ◽  
Pituitary Surgery ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Female Patients ◽  
The Impact

<b><i>Introduction:</i></b> In the present study, we prospectively investigated the impact of endoscopic transnasal trans-sphenoidal surgery (ETTS) on sexual function in male and female patients with pituitary adenoma. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> The study included a total of 40 consecutive patients (male, <i>n</i> = 28 and female, <i>n</i> = 12) aged 22–65 years, who underwent ETTS for pituitary adenoma in our center between March 2019 and August 2019. Twenty-seven (67.5%) and 13 (32.5%) patients had functioning and nonfunctioning pituitary adenomas, respectively. Routine preoperative hormone levels were obtained in every patient. The tests were repeated at the postoperative third month. Preoperatively and at the postoperative third month, the 5-item version of the International Index of Erectile Function and the Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI) was used in male and female patients, respectively. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Before surgery, 24 (85.7%) men had erectile dysfunction (ED), and 10 (83%) women had female sexual dysfunction. After surgery, all the patients’ abnormal hormone parameters improved. All the male patients’ ED degrees were positively affected by surgery. In women, the FSFI was significantly better than in the preoperative period. <b><i>Discussion/Conclusion:</i></b> Our results showed that both males and females with pituitary adenomas benefitted from minimally invasive pituitary surgery in terms of a high-remission rate and improvement in sexual dysfunction.

scholarly journals Effects of hyperinsulinemia on pancreatic cancer development and the immune microenvironment revealed through single-cell transcriptomics

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anni M.Y. Zhang ◽  
Twan J.J. de Winter ◽  
Su Wang ◽  
Stephane Flibotte ◽  
Yiwei Bernie Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pancreatic Cancer ◽  
Single Cell ◽  
Protein Translation ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Insulin Production ◽  
Immune Microenvironment ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Female Mice ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Multiple Cell

AbstractHyperinsulinemia is independently associated with increased risk and mortality of pancreatic cancer. We recently reported that a ∼50% reduction in pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PanIN) pre-cancerous lesions in mice could be achieved with reduced insulin production. However, only female mice remained normoglycemic and only the gene dosage of rodent-specific Ins1 alleles was tested in our previous model. Moreover, we did not delve into the molecular and cellular mechanisms associated with modulating hyperinsulinemia. Here, we studied PanIN lesion development in both male and female Ptf1aCreER;KrasLSL-G12D mice lacking the rodent specific Ins1 gene, and possessing one or two alleles of the wild-type Ins2 gene to modulate insulin production. High-fat diet induced hyperinsulinemia was transiently and modestly reduced, without affecting glucose tolerance, in male and female mice with only one allele of Ins2. Genetic reduction of insulin production resulted in mice with a tendency for less PanIN and acinar-to-ductal metaplasia (ADM) lesions. Using single-cell transcriptomics, we found hyperinsulinemia affected multiple cell types in the pancreas, with the most statistically significant effects on local immune cell populations, which were highly represented in our analysis. Specifically, hyperinsulinemia modulated pathways associated with protein translation, MAPK-ERK signaling, and PI3K-AKT signaling, which were changed in epithelial cells and subsets of immune cells. These data suggest a role for the immune microenvironment in hyperinsulinemia-driven PanIN development. Together with our previous work, we propose that mild suppression of insulin levels may be useful in preventing pancreatic cancer by acting on multiple cell types.

scholarly journals Single-Cell Transcriptomic Analysis of Ecosystems in Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma Progression

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ting Yan ◽  
Wangwang Qiu ◽  
Huaiyu Weng ◽  
Youben Fan ◽  
Guangwen Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma ◽  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Thyroid Carcinoma ◽  
Single Cell ◽  
Interstitial Cells ◽  
Papillary Thyroid ◽  
Rna Seq ◽  
Inhibitory Receptors ◽  
Follicular Epithelial

BackgroundDespite extensive research, the papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) ecosystem is poorly characterized and, in particular, locoregional progression. Available evidence supports that single-cell transcriptome sequencing (Sc-RNA seq) can dissect tumor ecosystems.MethodsTissue samples from one PTC patient, including matched primary tumor (Ca), lymph node (LN) metastasis, and paracancerous tissue (PCa), were subjected to Sc-RNA seq with 10×Genomics. Dual-label immunofluorescence and immunohistochemistry were used to confirm the existence of cell subtypes in a separate cohort.Results11,805 cell transcriptomes were profiled, cell landscapes of PTC were composed of malignant follicular epithelial cells (MFECs), CD8+ and CD4+ T cells, B cells, vascular endothelial cells, fibroblasts and cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs). Between Ca and LN ecosystems, the proportions of MFEC and interstitial cells were similar, less than 1/25(229/6,694, 361/3,895), while the proportion of normal follicular epithelial cells (NFECs) and interstitial cells was &gt; 2 in PCa (455/171). NFECs in PCa formed a separate cluster, while MFECs in Ca and LN exhibited a profound transcriptional overlap, and the interstitial cells among these samples had an overall concordance in their identity and representation, albeit with some distinctions in terms of the cell percentage per subset. A fraction of the B cell subpopulation in Ca expressed inhibitory receptors, while their respective ligand genes were clearly transcribed in T cell and malignant epithelial cell clusters, while some CD8+ T cells in both Ca and LN produced high levels of inhibitory receptors whose respective ligands were overexpressed in some CD4+ T cells. Three CAF subtypes in Ca and LN were identified, which may be due to mutual transitions.ConclusionsOur data provide new insights into the PTC ecosystem and highlight the differences in ecosystems in PTC progression, which updates our understanding of PTC biology and will improve individualized patient treatment.

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