scholarly journals SEM-EDX Analysis of Heavy Metals in Anal Papillae of Hydropsyche Angustipennis Larvae (Trichoptera, Insecta) as a Support for Water Quality Assessment

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariusz Tszydel ◽  
Dagmara Błońska ◽  
Piotr Jóźwiak ◽  
Małgorzata Jóźwiak
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Water Quality Assessment ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Edx Analysis ◽  
Pollution Levels ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
Contaminated Streams ◽  
Anal Papillae

Abstract Anal papillae of caddisflies are peripheral organs responsible for osmoregulation and detoxification. Investigation of morphological abnormalities in the anal papillae of Hydropsyche angustipennis enriched with using SEM-EDX analysis (scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive X-ray analysis), was used to assess heavy metal pollution levels in urban streams receiving surface runoff. Heavy metal ions not previously detected in water and tissue samples were detected using SEM-EDX method. Morphological irregularities were most frequently observed in larvae from the most contaminated streams. Heavy metals were almost 10 times more concentrated in darkened papillae than in pale, normal-shaped papillae. The present study confirms that SEM-EDX microscopy is an effective method as a support of standard heavy metal bioassays, especially if there is a necessity to detect trace elements in very low concentrations or incidental appearance of some ions in the water.

scholarly journals Combined Influence of Low-Grade Metakaolins and Natural Zeolite on Compressive Strength and Heavy Metal Adsorption of Geopolymers

Minerals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 486
Author(s):  
Alcina Johnson Sudagar ◽  
Slávka Andrejkovičová ◽  
Fernando Rocha ◽  
Carla Patinha ◽  
Maria R. Soares ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Natural Zeolite ◽  
Metal Adsorption ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Heavy Metal Adsorption ◽  
Adsorption Model ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Adsorption Capacities

Metakaolins (MKs) prepared from low-grade kaolins located in the Alvarães (A) and Barqueiros (B) regions of Portugal were used as the aluminosilicate source to compare their effect on the compressive strength and heavy metal adsorption of geopolymers. Natural zeolite, an inexpensive, efficient adsorbent, was used as an additive in formulations to enhance geopolymers’ adsorption capacities and reduce MK utilization’s environmental footprint. Geopolymers were synthesized with the replacement of MK by zeolite up to 75 wt.% (A25, B25—25% MK 75% zeolite; A50, B50—50% MK 50% zeolite; A75, B75—75% MK 25% zeolite; A100, B100—100% MK). The molar ratios of SiO2/Al2O3 and Na2O/Al2O3 were kept at 1 to reduce the sodium silicate and sodium hydroxide environmental impact. Geopolymers’ crystallography was identified using X-ray diffraction analysis. The surface morphology was observed by scanning electron microscopy to understand the effect of zeolite incorporation. Chemical analysis using X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy yielded information about the geopolymers’ Si/Al ratio. Compressive strength values of geopolymers obtained after 1, 14, and 28 days of curing indicate high strengths of geopolymers with 100% MK (A100—15.4 MPa; B100—32.46 MPa). Therefore, zeolite did not aid in the improvement of the compressive strength of both MK-based geopolymers. The heavy metal (Cd2+, Cr3+, Cu2+, Pb2+, and Zn2+) adsorption tests exhibit relatively higher adsorption capacities of Barqueiros MK-based geopolymers for all the heavy metals except Cd2+. Moreover, zeolite positively influenced divalent cations’ adsorption on the geopolymers produced from Barqueiros MK as B75 exhibits the highest adsorption capacities, but such an influence is not observed for Alvarães MK-based geopolymers. The general trend of adsorption of the heavy metals of both MK-based geopolymers is Pb2+ > Cd2+ > Cu2+ > Zn2+ > Cr3+ when fitted by the Langmuir isotherm adsorption model. The MK and zeolite characteristics influence geopolymers’ structure, strength, and adsorption capacities.

scholarly journals Research on heavy metal level and co-occurrence network in typical ecological fragile area

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yiwei Zhao ◽  
Liangmin Gao ◽  
Fugeng Zha ◽  
Xiaoqing Chen ◽  
Xiaofang Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Human Factors ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Mining Area ◽  
Parent Material ◽  
Control Value ◽  
Pollution Levels ◽  
Soil Parent Material ◽  
Sampling Points

AbstractDue to the special sensitivity of typical ecologically fragile areas, a series of human life, mining, and other activities have a greater impact on the environment. In this study, three coal mines in Ordos City on the Loess Plateau were selected as the study area, and the pollution levels of heavy metals in the area were studied by measuring As, Hg, Cr, Cd, Cu, Ni, and Pb in the soil of 131 sampling points. Combined with the concept of “co-occurrence network” in biology, the level of heavy metals in soil was studied using geostatistics and remote sensing databases. The results showed that the concentrations of Hg, Cr, Ni, Cu, and Pb in more than half of the sampling points were higher than the local environmental background value, but did not exceed the risk control value specified by China, indicating that human factors have a greater influence, while Cd and As elements are mainly affected Soil parent material and human factors influence. Heavy metal elements have nothing to do with clay and silt but have an obvious correlation with gravel. Cd, Pb, As and Ni, Cd, Cr are all positively correlated, and different heavy metals are in space The distribution also reflects the autocorrelation, mainly concentrated in the northeast of the TS mining area and the middle of the PS mining area.

X-ray fluorescence spectrometric determination of heavy metals in selected rice samples sold on the Liberian market: a case study conducted in Paynesville City, Greater Monrovia

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
McClain James ◽  
PAYE Plenseh Diana ◽  
N’debewillie Kokolo ◽  
CHEA Sampson K. P. ◽  
Kiazolu J. Boima
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Cancer Risk ◽  
Hazard Index ◽  
Rice Sample ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Total Cancer Risk ◽  
Total Cancer ◽  
Rice Consumption ◽  
The Mean

Background: Environmental pollution with toxic heavy metals can be lead to the possible contamination of rice. Rice is a staple food widely consumed in the urban and rural parts of Liberia daily. Rice is cultivated in approximately 113 countries and a fundamental source for energy and protein. Objective: The study assesses selected heavy metals (As, Pb, Cd, Se, and Cr) concentration in selected imported rice and traditionally grown rice and bulgur wheat in Liberia. Methods: Six grade of imported rice, Bulgar wheat, and traditionally grown rice were purchased from the Duport Road and Red-Light markets in Greater Monrovia and analyze using X-ray Fluorescence Spectrometer. All data were analyzed using XLSTAT, and data was used to calculate the risk factor of each rice sample. Results: The mean concentration of heavy metal found in the rice as follow: As, 1.31ppm; Cd, 9.42ppm; Cr. 12.3ppm; Se, 5.73ppm; and Pb, 1.75ppm. The estimated daily intakes (EDIs) were calculated in combination with the rice consumption data. The mean intakes of As, Cd, Cr, Se, and Pb through rice were estimated to be 1.32, 9.42. 12.4. 5.74, and 1.75 mg/kg BW/day. Chromium has the average estimated daily intake. The combined hazard index for the heavy metals in each sample and the total cancer risk for each sample contributed most significantly to a cancer risk of rice consumption during adult life expectancy.Conclusion: The selected heavy metal concentration from the rice sample was above the FAO/WHO reference Standard but was within the range of the contaminant level except for chromium, which is above the accepted range. However, the hazard index and the total cancer risk indicate a potential non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic risk.  

scholarly journals Halophytes as sources of metals in estuarine systems with low levels of contamination

2013 ◽  
Vol 40 (9) ◽  
pp. 931 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thiago Couto ◽  
Bernardo Duarte ◽  
Dimitri Barroso ◽  
Isabel Caçador ◽  
João C. Marques
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Aquatic Vegetation ◽  
Zostera Noltii ◽  
Surrounding Water ◽  
Metal Concentrations ◽  
Heavy Metal Concentrations ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
Mondego Estuary ◽  
Low Levels

Heavy metal concentrations present in the above- and beowground tissues of Scirpus maritimus L., Spartina maritima (Curtis) Fernald and Zostera noltii Hornem were analysed seasonally in the Mondego Estuary, Portugal. The sediments of the estuary were confirmed to contain only low concentrations of heavy metals. The belowground tissues of all three species showed higher heavy metal concentrations than the aboveground tissues. Although the sediments only contained low levels of contamination, because the area occupied by S. maritimus and Z. noltii was large, significant quantities of heavy metals were accumulated and exported to the surrounding water bodies. In contrast with observations of highly contaminated estuaries, it was found that in spite of the low level of contaminants in the sediments of the Mondego Estuary, aquatic vegetation functioned as a source of metals for nearby systems.

scholarly journals HEAVY METALS CONTENT (Ba, La, Ce) IN THE SOILS OF CHEREPOVETS TECHNOGEACHEMICAL ANOMALY

2010 ◽  
pp. 58-64
Author(s):  
Yu. Vodianitsky ◽  
A. Savichev ◽  
O. Rogova
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Radiometric Method ◽  
Geochemical Anomaly ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Profile Distribution

With the help of X-ray radiometric method modified for diagnostics of superheavy metals Ba, La, Ce, their content in soils of Cherepovets geochemical anomaly is studied. Values Ultra-heavy metal technogeneities reach their maximum nearness of the Severstal mill. This is especially true for La and Ce, the share of whose technogenicity reaches up to 30-43%. This reflects the accumulative nature of the profile distribution of La and Ce, while in the background areas in humidal landscapes the distribution is eluvial.

scholarly journals AAS DETECTION OF HEAVY METAL IN SHEEP CHEESE (THE BANAT AREA, ROMANIA)

1970 ◽  
Vol 62 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Gogoaşă ◽  
I. Gergen ◽  
Maria Rada ◽  
D. Parvul ◽  
Camelia Ciobanu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Graphite Furnace ◽  
Absorption Spectrometry ◽  
Essential Elements ◽  
Manganese Zinc ◽  
Lead And Cadmium ◽  
Nickel Chromium ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
Iron Manganese

. In this paper we present results of the measurement of some heavy metals in sheep cheese samples from three hill and alpine areas in the Banat area. We analysed, using flame and graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry, the following heavy metals: Fe, Mn, Zn, Cu, Co, Ni, Cr, Pb, and Cd. The concentration ranges in the cheese samples were: 7.22-8.85, 1.36-1.83, 17.39-23.17, 0.691-0.886, 0.020-0.102, 0.002-0.010, 0,214-0.225, 0.193-0.314 and 0.001-0.003 mg/kg for iron, manganese, zinc, cooper, cobalt, nickel, chromium, lead and cadmium, respectively. Analysing experimental data shows that the specific soil and climate factors in the area favour cheese assortments with normal heavy metal contents under the form of essential elements and of low concentrations of heavy metals potentially toxic or toxic much below admitted toxicity levels.

scholarly journals EXPERIMENTALLY INDUCED CHROMOSOME ABERRATIONS IN PLANTS

1957 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 381-390 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. A. Kihlman ◽  
T. Merz ◽  
C. P. Swanson
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Complex Formation ◽  
Chromosome Aberrations ◽  
Potassium Cyanide ◽  
Oxygen Effect ◽  
Complexing Agents ◽  
X Rays ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Experimentally Induced

The discovery of Lilly and Thoday, that the presence of potassium cyanide (KCN) increases the production of chromosome aberrations by x-rays in anoxia, but has no effect on the production of chromosome aberrations by x-rays in air, was confirmed. In the presence of cyanide, the effect of a given dose of x-rays in nitrogen was found to be even greater than the effect of the same dose of x-rays in air. The cyanide effect on x-ray breakage in nitrogen was obtained at cyanide concentrations as low as 2 x 10–5 M. The breakage obtained after the combined x-ray-cyanide treatments was of the x-ray type, as evidenced by the distribution of breaks within and between the chromosomes. A number of other heavy metal complexing agents as well as some other compounds were tested for their ability to increase x-ray breakage in nitrogen and air. Of these compounds only cupferron proved to be effective. The results are discussed and it is concluded that the increased x-ray breakage in the presence of cyanide or cupferron cannot be due to an accumulation of peroxides. Instead it is suggested that the cyanide effect may be due to a complex formation between the active agents and heavy metals, presumably iron, within the chromosomes. The consequences of this hypothesis on the concept of the "oxygen effect," are discussed.

scholarly journals Estudio preliminar de la fauna en el morro de basuras de Moravia y presencia de metales pesados en artrópodos y roedores

2010 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 49 ◽  
Author(s):  
María Solange Sánchez ◽  
Alejandra Bedoya ◽  
Rolando Barahona
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Mus Musculus ◽  
Atomic Spectroscopy ◽  
Trophic Chain ◽  
Metal Analysis ◽  
Mammal Species ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Heavy Metal Analysis

<p><strong></strong>Characterization of the species present in a given locality by means of biological inventories provides information about diversity, even if it is done in disturbed environments such as open dumps, which are considered a threat for health due to the accumulation of heavy metals that are well known for their negative effects on human health and the environment. <strong>Objectives</strong>. To carry out a preliminary characterization of arthropods and non-flying small mammals in the <em>Morro de Moravia</em> open dump, and to determine the heavy metal contents in animal tissue samples. <strong>Materials and Methods. </strong>Arthropods were collected with pitfall traps and manually. Rodents were captured with Sherman traps. The heavy metal analysis was carried out with atomic spectroscopy. <strong>Results</strong>. A total of 9 orders, 51 families and 75 morphospecies of insects, 5 families of spiders, two syrphid and a millipede species were identified; <em>Mus musculus</em> was the only small mammal species identified. Heavy metal analysis showed various concentrations mainly of Pb and Cd. The highest content of Pb (45.05 mg/kg) was found in samples of <em>M. musculus</em> and the highest Cd content (10.31 mg/kg) was found in spiders of the family Gasteracantha. <strong>Conclusions</strong>. The <em>Morro de Moravia</em> open dump provides conditions that allow the establishment of an arthropod community with various diets and niches. The transference of heavy metals from the residue matrix towards higher levels of the trophic chain was corroborated.</p> <p><strong>Key words:</strong> arthropods, biological inventories, cadmium, <em>Mus musculus, </em>lead</p><br />

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document