scholarly journals J’accuse: difference between the two Covid-19 episodes in Italy, what is the cause? 

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Umberto Cornelli ◽  
Giovanni Belcaro ◽  
Cesarone Maria Rosaria ◽  
Recchia Martino ◽  
Cotellese Roberto
Keyword(s):  
Elderly People ◽  
Seasonal Influenza ◽  
Preventive Measure ◽  
Viral Mutation ◽  
Lack Of Information ◽  
The Media ◽  
Care Of Elderly ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Second Wave ◽  
Poor Care

Abstract Background: The COVID-19 pandemic appears to have struck Italy in two waves.Objective: To analyse the differences between the first (W1) and the second wave (W2).Methods: Our analysis was based on weekly data retrieved from the Official Bulletin of the Italian Civil Protection Department from 1 March 2020 to 21 January 2021.Results: W1 lasted about 23 weeks, from March to 15 August 2020. W2 started on 16 August and was still underway on 21 January 2021.W2 is much more severe than W1 in terms of positive cases and deaths, and its decay is much slower.We have identified at least six different causes of these differences: the colder season, the impact of seasonalinfluenza, viral mutation, the lack of a plan to tackle viral resurgence, poor care of elderly people, and lack of oralhygiene as an important preventive measure. Moreover, in an attempt to give the best possible informationthrough the media, the experts have instead caused feelings of uncertainty and fear.Conclusions: There are several reasons for the differences between W1 and W2: the start of the colder seasonduring W2, poor care of elderly people, the delay in providing seasonal influenza vaccination, the lack of anational plan against COVID-19 resurgence, confusion over the lockdown measures, lack of information aboutoral hygiene, and confusing information given through the media.

scholarly journals Matching Services to Needs in the Health Care of Elderly People

1997 ◽  
Vol 10 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 113-120 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Spicker ◽  
J. Hanslip
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Elderly People ◽  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
Health Board ◽  
Lack Of Information ◽  
Care Of Elderly ◽  
The Impact

This paper is based on the results of a postal enquiry to health care professionals working in the care of elderly people in a Scottish Health Board. Responses fall into three main categories. The first refers to issues of process, where lack of information or delays in response create problems. Second, there are problems of scarcity, with both lack of provision and pressures on existing provision. Third, the responses relate to the impact of constrained choices, which are the consequences of that scarcity: either people are sent to existing services because of a lack of alternatives, or people cannot be referred on appropriately because of the lack of alternatives. The process of referral is, then, affected directly by the options that are available. In the process, compromises have to be made, and this produces mismatches between needs and services.

Embodying The Meaning Of The Guardian Of The Constitution In The Role Of The Constitutional Court Of Reducing Constitutions Indicated By Policy Corruption

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 592-599
Author(s):  
Suharno Suharno ◽  
Amir Junaidi ◽  
Muhammad Aziz Zaelani
Keyword(s):  
A Priori ◽  
Preventive Measure ◽  
Comparative Approach ◽  
Constitutional Court ◽  
State Institutions ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Media ◽  
The Guardian ◽  
The Impact

Purpose of this study was to answer two problems: (i) how is the guardian of the constitution embodied through the function of the Constitutional Court; and (ii) how the Constitutional Court as the guardian of the constitution reduces constitutions that are indicated by the policy corruption. Policy corruption is an invisible and covert element that able to threaten the synergy of the legal system and the public interest. The form of policy corruption is realized in the form of a law. Efforts that can be made to reduce the policy corruption are to implement the tight control over the media, which in this case is relevant to the function of the Constitutional Court. This studywas classified as doctrinal research with primary and secondary legal materials. Comparative approach and case approach were used to answer the legal issues. The results showed that: First, the guardian of the constitution through the function of the Constitutional Court through the optimization of the Constitutional Court Judges as the agent of constitution, strengthening the execution of the Constitutional Court decisions and collaborative steps with other state institutions in enforcing the constitutional guardianship. Second, the Constitutional Court as the guardian of the constitution in reducing laws indicated by the policy corruption is manifested in the form of a Constitutional Court decision that can be retroactive to recover the impact of legal losses that are indicated by the policy corruption, the decision of Constitutional Courtis justified by ultra vires to anticipate the chain of constitutions that indications of policy corruption, the decision of Constitutional Courtis strengthened in terms of its execution and the Court can examine or test the Constitution Drafting (bill/ RUU) (a priori review) as a preventive measure to prevent the enactment of laws that indicate policy corruption.

scholarly journals Estimating the impact of the 2009 influenza A(H1N1) pandemic on mortality in the elderly in Navarre, Spain

2010 ◽  
Vol 15 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
J Castilla ◽  
J Etxeberria ◽  
E Ardanaz ◽  
Y Floristán ◽  
R López Escudero ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pandemic Influenza ◽  
Influenza A ◽  
Excess Mortality ◽  
Seasonal Influenza ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Significant Excess ◽  
Influenza A H1n1 ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Second Wave

We analysed mortality among people aged 65 years or older in Navarre, Spain in 2009 and compared it with the mean for the same period of time in the previous three years. In the pandemic weeks 24 to 52 2009 we observed 4.9% more deaths than expected (p=0.0268). Excess mortality occurred during the circulation of seasonal influenza (8.0%, p=0.0367) and the first wave of pandemic influenza (9.9%, p=0.0079). In the second wave of pandemic influenza there was a non-significant excess of deaths (5.2%, p=0.1166). Surveillance of laboratory-confirmed severe influenza cases detected only one death in this age group.

scholarly journals Media reactions to the Panorama programme “Behind Closed Doors: Social Care Exposed” and care staff reflections on publicity of poor practice in the care sector

2016 ◽  
Vol 18 (5) ◽  
pp. 266-276 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jill Manthorpe ◽  
Esther Njoya ◽  
Jess Harris ◽  
Caroline Norrie ◽  
Jo Moriarty
Keyword(s):  
Social Care ◽  
Care Staff ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Care Workers ◽  
The Media ◽  
Media Reports ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Poor Care ◽  
Poor Practice

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to present an analysis of media reactions to the BBC Television Panorama programme, Behind Closed Doors’ and to set this in the context of interviews with care staff about their reflections on publicity about poor practice in the care sector. Design/methodology/approach This paper reports on an analysis of media reactions to recent exposé of abuse in social care in England and data from an interview-based study of care workers. The interviews were analysed to consider the impact of such media reports on staff and to explore their views of action that might be need to be taken about care failings. Findings There are mixed reactions to exposé of poor care on television and to the debates that precede and follow their broadcast. Debates occur in print and on television, but also in social media. The particular exposé of care home practices by the Panorama programme, Behind Closed Doors, led to debate in England about the potential role of covert cameras in care homes. The interviews revealed that while care staff are affected by scandals in the media about social care, they do not necessarily focus on themes that the media stories subsequently highlight. Overall some are disenchanted while others have ideas of what needs to change to improve practice. Care staff consider that there remain problems in raising concerns about practices and some staff feel unable to stay in workplaces where they have made complaints. Research limitations/implications The care workers interviewed may not be representative of the sector and they may have wished to provide socially acceptable answers to the researchers. Practice was not observed. Practical implications Local Safeguarding Adult Boards may wish to develop a communications strategy to deal with requests for reactions to media reports locally and nationally. Safeguarding practitioners may wish to prepare for increased referrals following media coverage of poor care in their areas. They may later be able to use media reports to discuss any local differences of interpretation over matters such as prosecutions for abuse. Trainers and educationalists may wish to clarify the importance given by care providers to raising concerns, the ways in which difficult conversations can be held, and the protections available to whistle-blowers or those raising concerns – with local examples to provide assurance that this is not mere rhetoric. Originality/value Television reports of problems with social care attract wide media interest but the authors know very little about how care workers respond to depictions of their work and their occupational grouping. This paper links media and expert commentator reactions to television exposé with data acquired from interviews with those on the frontline of care.

The More Control, the Better?

2014 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 81-91 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeeyun Oh ◽  
Mun-Young Chung ◽  
Sangyong Han
Keyword(s):  
Mixed Design ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Story Structure ◽  
Content Type ◽  
High User ◽  
User Control ◽  
Rigorous Research ◽  
Control Versus ◽  
The Media ◽  
The Impact

Despite of the popularity of interactive movie trailers, rigorous research on one of the most apparent features of these interfaces – the level of user control – has been scarce. This study explored the effects of user control on users’ immersion and enjoyment of the movie trailers, moderated by the content type. We conducted a 2 (high user control versus low user control) × 2 (drama film trailer versus documentary film trailer) mixed-design factorial experiment. The results showed that the level of user control over movie trailer interfaces decreased users’ immersion when the trailer had an element of traditional story structure, such as a drama film trailer. Participants in the high user control condition answered that they were less fascinated with, absorbed in, focused on, mentally involved with, and emotionally affected by the movie trailer than participants in the low user control condition only with the drama movie trailer. The negative effects of user control on the level of immersion for the drama trailer translated into users’ enjoyment. The impact of user control over interfaces on immersion and enjoyment varies depending on the nature of the media content, which suggests a possible trade-off between the level of user control and entertainment outcomes.

The impact of news coverage of Russia in the media on export—import activities

2019 ◽  
pp. 30-44
Author(s):  
Elena A. Fedorovau ◽  
Svetlana O. Musienko ◽  
Igor S. Demin ◽  
Fedor Yu. Fedorov ◽  
Dmitriy O. Afanasyev
Keyword(s):  
News Coverage ◽  
The Media ◽  
The Impact

МАРКЕТИНГОВІ АСПЕКТИ ФУНКЦІОНУВАННЯ ЛІТЕРАТУРНИХ КОНКУРСІВ ТА ПРЕМІЙ

2020 ◽  
pp. 90
Author(s):  
O. Bondar
Keyword(s):  
Publishing House ◽  
Target Audience ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Information Support ◽  
Literary Field ◽  
Non Profit ◽  
Functional Aspects ◽  
The Media ◽  
Literary Prizes ◽  
The Impact

<p><em>In this study, I have collected and summarized the functional aspects of a literary prize, contest, and rating, which indicate their affiliation with the marketing complex of the publishing house for the first time. For this purpose, I have analyzed and summarized the common concepts of the functioning of literary prizes and contests as advertising tools for publishing activity. Because the previous studies are only focused on the fact of the impact of the prize on the promotion of editions but do not explain it, these aspects have been considered and introduced by me from the book production’s point of view. I investigated that the prizes and the contests in the literary field are effective marketing tools, which meet many publisher’s needs at the same time and can be considered a non-profit form of capital. I have reviewed the works of other authors, who accept that the economic success of the book is rising if the author is a winner of the literary prize or contest. I have found out that the book prize activates the demand for the book, and the literary contest is a tool to track the reader’s reaction to a future publication. In this way, literary prizes and contests can be considered as a way of conducting a marketing dialogue with the target audience. I have focused on the information support of literary national and international prizes and contests by the media, which attracts attention to the book and forms the reader’s interest. The literary prizes and contests are also considered as a way of exploring trends and their changes, familiarization the popular genres among the target audience and fixation the current choice of modern readers. Literary prizes and contests motivate the authors to improve their literary excellence, are the source of new authors and works, and assist in increasing sales of books. However, further research is recommended.</em></p><strong><em>Key words:</em></strong><em> book prize, book rating, literary contest, literary prize, functions of the literary prizes.</em>

The Role of Threat and Economic Uncertainty in Support for Scottish Independence

2014 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 103-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Kopasker
Keyword(s):  
Economic Consequences ◽  
Perceived Threat ◽  
Constitutional Change ◽  
Lack Of Information ◽  
Economic Expectations ◽  
Scottish Independence ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Levels Of Support

Existing research has consistently shown that perceptions of the potential economic consequences of Scottish independence are vital to levels of support for constitutional change. This paper attempts to investigate the mechanism by which expectations of the economic consequences of independence are formed. A hypothesised causal micro-level mechanism is tested that relates constitutional preferences to the existing skill investments of the individual. Evidence is presented that larger skill investments are associated with a greater likelihood of perceiving economic threats from independence. Additionally, greater perceived threat results in lower support for independence. The impact of uncertainty on both positive and negative economic expectations is also examined. While uncertainty has little effect on negative expectations, it significantly reduces the likelihood of those with positive expectations supporting independence. Overall, it appears that a general economy-wide threat is most significant, and it is conjectured that this stems a lack of information on macroeconomic governance credentials.

Forms of physical activity of the elderly

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 221-228
Author(s):  
Piotr Czarnecki ◽  
◽  
Justyna Podgórska-Bednarz ◽  
Lidia Perenc ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Elderly People ◽  
Population Aging ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Good Health ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Polish Society ◽  
Central Statistical ◽  
Key Phrases ◽  
The Impact

Introduction. Physical activity is known to be an important factor influencing health throughout human life. This issue has become crucial for public health due to the aging of the population in both developed and developing countries. Aim. is to present a literature review on the forms of physical activity undertaken by the elderly, as well as on issues related to physical activity and the population aging. Material and methods. The study was prepared on the basis of a review of Polish and foreign literature. The following databases and data sources were used: EBSCO, ScienceDirect and Google Scholar. An additional source of data were the websites of the Central Statistical Office. Strictly defined key phrases were used during the collection of literature. The work has been divided into thematic subsections on the aging of the society, the impact of physical activity on health and the main topic, i.e. forms of physical activity selected by the elderly. Analysis of the literature. The number of elderly people in Polish society has increased by almost 3.7 million over three decades. Therefore, an important topic is prophylaxis aimed at increasing the number of days in good health, largely covering the broadly understood activation of the elderly. The available data indicate that only 12% of elderly people undertake physical activity once a week. The most common form of spending free time actively is walking (as many as 73% of people in this population declare this form of physical activity in one of the presented studies). Conclusion. Organized forms of physical activity are undertaken much less frequently by the analyzed age group mainly due to financial limitations and limited availability of sports infrastructure.

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