Negative impacts of excessive nitrogen fertilization on the abundance and diversity of diazotrophs in black soil with monocropping maize

Abstract Background: Excessive nitrogen fertilizer input and low nitrogen fertilizer use efficiency in maize in China are serious ecological and economic problems, which might affect the procedures in the nitrogen cycle. To reveal the effects of long-term excessive nitrogen fertilization on diazotrophs in maize rhizosphere and bulk soil, we performed a long-term (five-year) N-input experiment (N rates from 0 to 300 kg N ha -1 ) in black soil maize in northeast China. The effect of N fertilizer application rates on the abundance, structure and compositions of diazotrophic community in both the bulk soil and rhizosphere of maize were investigated by Real-time quantitative PCR and high-throughput sequencing, and a structural equation model was constructed based on this study.Results: 1) Excessive N fertilization significantly reduced the abundance and diversity of diazotrophs. 2) The accumulation of Sphingobium was correlated positively with soil nitrate concentration and soil EC, and negatively with soil pH. The contrast correlation was found in Burkholderia . 3) Diazotrophs were enriched in maize rhizosphere, but the diversity and compositions of diazotrophic community were less affected by maize rhizosphere effect. 4) The enriched Bradyrhizobium and Methylobacterium in maize rhizosphere showed a significant positive correlation with of maize plant biomass. Conclusions: Our results suggest that through affecting soil pH, nitrate and EC values, long-term excessive N input increase Sphingobium accumulation and reduce the abundance of beneficial diazotrophs such as Bradyrhizobium and Burkholderia ，which contribute to the decreased nitrogen use efficiency.

Download Full-text

Water Consumption Characteristics and Water Use Efficiency of Winter Wheat under Long-Term Nitrogen Fertilization Regimes in Northwest China

PLoS ONE ◽

10.1371/journal.pone.0098850 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 9 (6) ◽

pp. e98850 ◽

Cited By ~ 27

Author(s):

Yangquanwei Zhong ◽

Zhouping Shangguan

Keyword(s):

Winter Wheat ◽

Water Use Efficiency ◽

Water Use ◽

Water Consumption ◽

Nitrogen Fertilization ◽

Northwest China ◽

Use Efficiency

Download Full-text

Assessing Wheat Response to N Fertilization in a Wheat–Maize–Soybean Long-Term Rotation through NUE Measurements

Agronomy ◽

10.3390/agronomy10070941 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (7) ◽

pp. 941

Author(s):

Roxana Vidican ◽

Anamaria Mălinaș ◽

Ioan Rotar ◽

Rozalia Kadar ◽

Valeria Deac ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Nitrogen Use Efficiency ◽

Nitrogen Fertilization ◽

Agricultural Research ◽

N Uptake ◽

Wheat Variety ◽

N Fertilization ◽

Wheat Crop ◽

Nitrogen Use ◽

Use Efficiency

Nitrogen fertilization is indispensable in increasing wheat crop productivity but, in order to achieve maximum profitable production and minimum negative environmental impact, improving nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) should be considered. The aim of this study was to evaluate the nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) in a long-term wheat–maize–soybean rotation system with the final purpose of increasing the overall performance of the wheat cropping system. Research was undertaken at the Agricultural Research Development Station Turda (ARDS Turda), located in Western Transylvania Plain, Romania. The experimental field was carried out at a fixed place during seven wheat vegetation seasons. The plant material consisted of a wheat variety created by the ARDS Turda (Andrada), one variety of maize (Turda 332) and one variety of soybean (Felix). The experiment covered two planting patterns: wheat after maize and wheat after soybean and five levels of nitrogen fertilization (control-unfertilized, fertilization with 0—control plot, 30, 60, 90 and 120 kg N ha−1 y−1). The following indices were assessed: NUE (nitrogen use efficiency), N uptake and PFP (partial factor productivity). The results of the present study suggest that reduced N-fertilization doses could improve N uptake and utilization for both planting patterns.

Download Full-text

Long-term straw incorporation benefits the elevation of soil phosphorus availability and use efficiency in the agroecosystem

Spanish Journal of Agricultural Research ◽

10.5424/sjar/2018163-12857 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 16 (3) ◽

pp. e1101 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Zhibin Guo ◽

Hui Liu ◽

Keke Hua ◽

Daozhong Wang ◽

Chuanlong He

Keyword(s):

Organic Matter ◽

Wheat Straw ◽

Soil Ph ◽

Mineral Fertilization ◽

Fertilizer Use Efficiency ◽

Fertilizer Use ◽

P Fertilizer ◽

Use Efficiency ◽

Straw Incorporation

Soil pH and organic matter are important factors influencing phosphorus (P) fertilizer use efficiency. Long-term crop straw incorporation alters soil pH and soil organic matter. To explore the influence of crop straw incorporation on P fertilizer use efficiency, this research was conducted in a long-term field experiment (30 years) with a wheat-soybean cropping system and selected four treatments: no fertilization, mineral fertilization (NPK), mineral fertilization + 3750 kg/ha wheat straw (WS/2-NPK) and mineral fertilization + 7500 kg/ha wheat straw (WS-NPK). Results show that long-term straw incorporation not only accentuates soil acidification, but also elevates crop yields and soil P availability. Consequently, compared with the NPK treatment, straw incorporation contributed to higher P fertilizer use efficiency, which increased from 43% in 1983 to 72% in 2012 for WS/2-NPK, from 46% to 69% for WS-NPK, and from 34% to 60% for NPK treatments, respectively. Moreover, the P fertilizer use efficiency in all fertilization treatments could be categorized as follows: slowly increasing stage in 1982-2002, stable stage in 2003-2006, and rapidly increasing stage in 2007-2012. Correspondingly, the annual P balances of the WS/2-NPK and WS-NPK treatments ranged from positive to negative in the 1982-2003 and 2004-2012. Therefore, compared with mineral fertilization alone, long-term wheat straw incorporation has the associated benefit of elevating the P fertilizer use efficiency. However, to maintain sustainable high crop productivity, it is necessary to elevate the dose of P fertilizer input and reduce the soil acidification under wheat straw incorporation.

Download Full-text

PENGARUH SISTEM OLAH TANAH DAN PEMUPUKAN NITROGEN JANGKA PANJANG TERHADAP RESPIRASI TANAH DI LAHAN POLITEKNIK NEGERI LAMPUNG TAHUN TANAM KE-27

Jurnal Agrotek Tropika ◽

10.23960/jat.v8i2.3898 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (2) ◽

pp. 247

Author(s):

Erdiana Damayanti ◽

Muhajir Utomo ◽

Ainin Niswati ◽

Henrie Buchari

Keyword(s):

Soil Respiration ◽

Co2 Emissions ◽

Nitrogen Fertilizer ◽

Nitrogen Fertilization ◽

Conservation Tillage ◽

N Fertilization ◽

No Tillage ◽

Tillage Systems ◽

Tillage System

Unsustainable cultivation techniques can cause carbon loss on farm. The cultivation technique that is often used by farmers today is intensive tillage. Intensive tillage can increase CO2. Steps to reduce CO2 gas emissions, while increasing carbon stored in the soil by implementing agricultural cultivation with conservation tillage system (Olah Tanah Konservasi). The conservation tillage system is able to reduce global warming through absorption of C in the soil, and reduce CO2 emissions. In addition, fertilization can also affect CO2 emissions. CO2 emissions in the soil come from soil respiration. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of long-term tillage systems on soil respiration, determine the effect of long-term N fertilization on soil respiration, and determine the effect of interactions between tillage systems and long-term N fertilization on soil respiration. The study was arranged in a randomized block design (RBD) consisting of two factors, namely the tillage system and nitrogen fertilization factors. The first factor is the treatment of tillage system (T) namely T0 = no tillage, and T1 = intensive tillage, while the second factor is without nitrogen fertilizer (N0) and high nitrogen fertilizer (N1). The data obtained will be tested for homogeneity by Bartlett Test and additives tested by Tukey Test. Furthermore, the data were analyzed by analysis of variance and continued with a BNJ test of 5% level. Observation of soil respiration was done 4 times, namely -1, 1, 2, 3 days after tillage. The results showed that soil respiration one day before to three days after the soil was treated in intensive tillage (OTI) was the same as the no tillage system (TOT), soil respiration -1 days after tillage to 3 days after tillage on nitrogen fertilization (100 N kg ha-1 ) given in the previous planting season the same as without fertilization (0 kg N ha-1), and there is no interaction between the tillage system and nitrogen fertilization on soil respiration.

Download Full-text

Interaction of liming and long-term fertilization increased crop yield and phosphorus use efficiency (PUE) through mediating exchangeable cations in acidic soil under wheat–maize cropping system

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-020-76892-8 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Muhammad Qaswar ◽

Li Dongchu ◽

Huang Jing ◽

Han Tianfu ◽

Waqas Ahmed ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Crop Yield ◽

Soil Ph ◽

Base Cations ◽

Acidic Soil ◽

Phosphorus Use Efficiency ◽

Exchangeable Ca ◽

Exchangeable Al ◽

Use Efficiency ◽

Lime Application

AbstractLow phosphorus use efficiency (PUE) is one of the main problems of acidic soil that limit the crop growth. Therefore, in the present study, we investigated the response of crop yield and PUE to the long-term application of fertilizers and quicklime (CaO) in the acidic soil under wheat–maize rotation system. Treatments included, CK (no fertilization), NP (inorganic nitrogen and P fertilization), NPK (inorganic N, P and potassium fertilization), NPKS (NPK + straw return), NPCa (NP + lime), NPKCa (NPK + lime) and NPKSCa (NPKS + lime). Results showed that, fertilizer without lime treatments, significantly (p ≤ 0.05) decreased soil pH and crop yield, compared to the fertilizer with lime treatments during the period of 2012–2018. Average among years, compared to the CK treatment, wheat grain yield increased by 138%, 213%, 198%, 547%, 688% and 626%, respectively and maize yield increased by 687%, 1887%, 1651%, 2605%, 5047% and 5077%, respectively, under the NP, NPK, NPKS, NPCa, NPKCa and NPKSCa treatments. Lime application significantly increased soil exchangeable base cations (Ca2+ and Mg2+) and decreased Al3+ cation. Compared to the NP treatment, phosphorus use efficiency (PUE) increased by 220%, 212%, 409%, 807% and 795%, respectively, under the NPK, NPKS, NPCa, NPKCa and NPKSCa treatments. Soil pH showed significant negative relationship with exchangeable Al3+ and soil total N. While, soil pH showed significant (p ≤ 0.05) positive relationship with exchangeable Ca2+, PUE and annual crop yield. PUE was highly negatively correlated with soil exchangeable Al3+. In addition, soil exchangeable Ca2+, pH, exchangeable Al3+ and available N were the most influencing factors of crop yield. Therefore, we concluded that lime application is an effective strategy to mitigate soil acidification and to increase PUE through increasing exchangeable base cations and reducing the acidic cations for high crop yield in acidic soil.

Download Full-text

Nitrogen has a greater influence than phosphorus on the diazotrophic community in two successive crop seasons in Northeast China

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-021-85829-8 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Jing Zhou ◽

Mingchao Ma ◽

Dawei Guan ◽

Xin Jiang ◽

Nianxin Zhang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Soil Ph ◽

N Fixation ◽

Low Doses ◽

P Fertilization ◽

Inorganic N ◽

P Fertilizer ◽

High Doses ◽

Induced Changes ◽

Diazotrophic Community

AbstractFertilizer-induced changes in soil nutrients regulate nitrogen (N) fixation in the terrestrial biosphere, but the influences of N and phosphorus (P) fertilization on the diazotroph communities in successive crop seasons were unclear. In this study, we assessed the effects of N and P (high vs. low doses) on the abundance and structure of N2-fixation communities after wheat and soybean harvest in a long-term (34 and 35 years) fertilization experiment. In both seasons, long-term N addition significantly decreased the abundance of nifH genes and 16S rDNA; in addition, high doses of N and P fertilizer decreased the richness of diazotrophs, whereas low doses did not. The proportion of the dominant genus, Bradyrhizobium, in the soybean season (86.0%) was higher than that in the wheat season (47.9%). Fertilization decreased diazotroph diversity and the relative abundance of Bradyrhizobium in the wheat season, but had insignificant effects in the soybean season. The addition of N, but not P, significantly changed the communities of both diazotrophs (at the genus level) and rhizobia (at the species level) in the two seasons. Soil pH was positively associated with nifH abundance and diazotrophic richness; soil NO3− content was negatively correlated with diazotrophic richness and positively correlated with diversity. Soil pH and NO3− content were the two main drivers shaping the soil diazotrophic community. Overall, long-term inorganic N had a greater influence than P on both diazotrophic abundance and community composition, and diazotrophic diversity was more clearly affected by fertilization in the wheat season than in the soybean season.

Download Full-text

Soil pH and Liming Issues Affecting Bahiagrass Pasture

EDIS ◽

10.32473/edis-ag260-2007 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 2007 (20) ◽

Author(s):

Maria Silveira ◽

Joao Vendramini ◽

John E. Rechcigl ◽

Martin B. Adjei

Keyword(s):

Field Study ◽

Soil Ph ◽

Nutrient Availability ◽

Nitrogen Fertilizer ◽

Soil Acidity ◽

N Fertilization ◽

Central Florida ◽

Mole Cricket ◽

South Central

SS-AGR-29, a 5-page illustrated fact sheet by M. Silveira, J. Vendramini, J. E. Rechcigl, and M. B. Adjei, discusses the relationships of soil acidity, nitrogen fertilizer, nutrient availability, and mole cricket-induced bahiagrass decline, and the results of a field study at Range Cattle REC in Ona, which evaluated the long term combined effect of liming and N fertilization on the performance of two bahiagrass pastures. Includes a summary and recommendations for grazing conditions in south-central Florida flatwoods. Published by the UF Department of Agronomy, May 2007.

Download Full-text