The expansion of the Universe may be an illusion created by Compton scattering of free electrons

Abstract The high-precision measurements of the Hubble parameter make the theory of cosmic expansion more and more confusing, which bolster the idea that new physics may be needed to explain the mismatch. The cosmological redshift may not only be related to distance but also to other factors. The expansion of the Universe may be just an illusion. The Compton effect of free electrons and low energy photons has been observed in the laboratory. This article proposes a theory: Free electron Compton scattering (FEC) produce the illusion of the Universe exponential expansion: FEC causes photons to redshift (FEC redshift), and the photon beam expands along the propagation direction, that is, the redshift factor is (1 + z); the beam length stretch factor (time dilation of the supernova curve) is (1 + z); the expansion factor of the beam volume is (1 + z)3, and FEC will not be blurred Distant galaxy. The reason for rejecting the “tired light” does not hold in FEC.

The expansion of the Universe may be an illusion created by Compton scattering of free electrons

10.21203/rs.3.rs-223929/v3 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

GuanFeng Cheng

Keyword(s):

Compton Scattering ◽

Doppler Effect ◽

Free Electrons ◽

Cosmological Redshift ◽

Universe Expansion ◽

Large N ◽

Expansion Theory ◽

The Doppler Effect ◽

Abstract The two most precise gauges of the Universe’s expansion rate have recently been in glaring disagreement. The measurement of the Hubble parameter makes the Universe expansion theory more and more confusing, the cosmological redshift may not only be related to distance but also to other factors, and the expansion of the Universe may be just an illusion. The Compton effect of free electrons and low energy photons has been observed in the laboratory. This paper presents a theory: Free electron Compton scattering (FEC) may produce the illusion of the Universe expansion : Photons interact with a large n umber of free electrons on their way to us from a distant source. FEC causes photons to redshift (FEC redshift), and the photon beam expands along the propagation direction, these may produce the illusion of cosmic expansion (FEC cosmic model). FEC redshift is independent of wavelength, and proportional to distance and corresponding electron density, consistent with the Doppler effect of the expansion of the Universe. Flare redshift is a common phenomenon, and it is difficult to use the Doppler effect to explain alone, there is evidence of FEC redshift in flare redshift.

The expansion of the Universe may be an illusion created by Compton scattering of free electrons

10.21203/rs.3.rs-223929/v2 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

GuanFeng Cheng

Keyword(s):

Compton Scattering ◽

Doppler Effect ◽

Free Electrons ◽

Cosmological Redshift ◽

Universe Expansion ◽

Expansion Theory ◽

The Doppler Effect ◽

The Universe ◽

Cosmic Model

Abstract The two most precise gauges of the Universe’s expansion rate have recently been in glaring disagreement. The measurement of the Hubble parameter makes the Universe expansion theory more and more confusing, the cosmological redshift may not only be related to distance but also to other factors, and the expansion of the Universe may be just an illusion. The Compton effect of free electrons and low energy photons has been observed in the laboratory. This paper presents a theory: Free electron Compton scattering (FEC) may produce the illusion of the Universe expansion: Photons interact with a large number of free electrons on their way to us from a distant source. FEC causes photons to redshift (FEC redshift), and the photon beam expands along the propagation direction, these may produce the illusion of cosmic expansion (FEC cosmic model). FEC redshift is independent of wavelength, and proportional to distance and corresponding electron density, consistent with the Doppler effect of the expansion of the Universe. Flare redshift is a common phenomenon, and it is difficult to use the Doppler effect to explain alone, there is evidence of FEC redshift in flare redshift.

Free electron Compton scattering produces the illusion of the universe expansion

10.21203/rs.3.rs-223929/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

GuanFeng Cheng

Keyword(s):

Compton Scattering ◽

Free Electron ◽

Electromagnetic Waves ◽

Background Radiation ◽

Free Electrons ◽

Cosmological Redshift ◽

Universe Expansion ◽

Hubble Parameters ◽

Hubble’S Law ◽

Abstract Because it is consistent with many astronomical phenomena and successfully predicted the cosmic microwave background radiation (CMBR) and cosmic abundance, the theory of universe expansion has been widely recognized by the scientific community. Hubble's law is the foundation of universe expansion theory, but 100 years of observations have shown that Hubble parameters are not constants, and with the improvement of Hubble parameter measurement accuracy, the problem of inconsistent Hubble parameters obtained by different star types and different methods has become more and more difficult to solve. So the cosmological redshift may not only be related to distance but also to other factors, and the universe may not be really expanding. The Compton effect of free electrons and low energy photons has been observed in the laboratory. Photons interact with a large number of free electrons on their way to us from a distant source (free electron Compton scattering FEC). FEC causes photons (plane electromagnetic waves) to redshift, and the photon beam to expand along the propagation direction, these produce the illusion of cosmic expansion, showing the same astronomical phenomena as the expansion of the universe (FEC model).

A KINEMATIC DESCRIPTION OF THE EXPANSION OF THE UNIVERSE

International Journal of Modern Physics D ◽

10.1142/s0218271893000179 ◽

1993 ◽

Vol 02 (02) ◽

pp. 197-220 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

D. SAVICKAS

Keyword(s):

Early Time ◽

Static Universe ◽

Distant Galaxy ◽

Usual Manner ◽

Uniform Background ◽

Radiation Universe ◽

Standard Solution ◽

Definition Of ◽

A kinematic expression for the Hubble parameter H is derived which defines it directly in terms of the positions and velocities of all existing mass particles. The derivation is simply based on the concept that the numerical value of H at any instant of time is determined solely by particle positions and velocities that exist at that instant, and it is only indirectly affected by gravity through its actions on particles which change the positions and velocities. This definition of H does not depend on the motion of photons because the motion of a photon in a distant galaxy is determined by H as it moves with a constant velocity in the galaxy’s inertial system at rest in the Hubble drift. The kinematic definition of H is shown to be identical to the conventional expression H=Ṙ/R. Under general conditions it behaves in the usual manner. But in the case when all matter is located in a small volume of space, such as that which could have occurred at the time of origin of the universe, there exists for a brief time a kinematic repulsion which acts in addition to the usual gravitational attraction that is described in the standard solution of relativity. The repulsion could be strong enough to overcome gravitation and cause even a static universe to quickly evolve into an expanding one. In the case of an initially pure and static radiation universe that subsequently expands and creates all matter during the expansion, the kinematically defined H allows matter to be created in clusters at a very early time within a highly uniform background of radiation.

A recharged debate over the speed of the expansion of the universe could lead to new physics

Science ◽

10.1126/science.aal0877 ◽

2017 ◽

Author(s):

Joshua Sokol

Keyword(s):

New Physics ◽

ADDRESSING THE CRISIS IN FUNDAMENTAL PHYSICS

International Journal of Modern Physics D ◽

10.1142/s0218271807011711 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 16 (12a) ◽

pp. 1947-1952

Author(s):

CHRISTOPHER W. STUBBS

Keyword(s):

Dark Energy ◽

State Parameter ◽

New Physics ◽

Fundamental Physics ◽

Accelerating Expansion ◽

Cosmological Observations ◽

Real Risk ◽

The One ◽

The observation that the expansion of the Universe is proceeding at an ever-increasing rate, i.e. the "dark energy" problem, constitutes a crisis in fundamental physics that is as profound as the one that preceded the advent of quantum mechanics. Cosmological observations currently favor a dark energy equation-of-state parameter w = P/ρ = -1. Awkwardly, this is the value that has the least ability to discriminate between alternatives for the physics that produces the observed accelerating expansion. If this result persists we therefore run a very real risk of stagnation in our attempt to better understand the nature of this new physics, unless we uncover another piece of the dark energy puzzle. I argue that precision fundamental measurements in space have an important role in addressing this crisis.

Bounce and Stability in the Early Cosmology with Anomaly-Induced Corrections

Symmetry ◽

10.3390/sym13010050 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 13 (1) ◽

pp. 50

Author(s):

Wagno Cesar e Silva ◽

Ilya L. Shapiro

Keyword(s):

Background Radiation ◽

Cosmological Solution ◽

Stable Phase ◽

Small Perturbations ◽

Critical Part ◽

Contraction Phase ◽

Exponential Expansion ◽

The Stability ◽

An extremely fast exponential expansion of the Universe is typical for the stable version of the inflationary model, based on the anomaly-induced action of gravity. The total amount of exponential e-folds could be very large, before the transition to the unstable version and the beginning of the Starobinsky inflation. Thus, the stable exponential expansion can be seen as a pre-inflationary semiclassical cosmological solution. We explore whether this stable phase could follow after the bounce, subsequent to the contraction of the Universe. Extending the previous consideration of the bounce, we explore both stable expansion and the bounce solutions in the models with non-zero cosmological constant and the presence of background radiation. The critical part of the analysis concerns stability for small perturbations of the Hubble parameter. It is shown that the stability is possible for the variations in the bounce region, but not in the sufficiently distant past in the contraction phase.

REINVENTING SPACETIME ON A DYNAMICAL HYPERSURFACE

Modern Physics Letters A ◽

10.1142/s0217732306020214 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 21 (12) ◽

pp. 947-959 ◽

Cited By ~ 20

Author(s):

J. PONCE DE LEON

Keyword(s):

Extra Dimension ◽

New Physics ◽

Accelerated Expansion ◽

Effective Equation ◽

Higher Dimensional ◽

Internal Contradiction ◽

Frw Model ◽

The Universe ◽

Kaluza Klein

In braneworld models, Spacetime-Matter and other Kaluza–Klein theories, our spacetime is devised as a four-dimensional hypersurface orthogonal to the extra dimension in a five-dimensional bulk. We show that the FRW line element can be "reinvented" on a dynamical four-dimensional hypersurface, which is not orthogonal to the extra dimension, without any internal contradiction. This hypersurface is selected by the requirement of continuity of the metric and depends explicitly on the evolution of the extra dimension. The main difference between the "conventional" FRW, on an orthogonal hypersurface, and the new one is that the latter contains higher-dimensional modifications to the regular matter density and pressure in 4D. We compare the evolution of the spacetime in these two interpretations and find that a wealth of "new" physics can be derived from a five-dimensional metric if it is interpreted on a dynamical (non-orthogonal) 4D hypersurface. In particular, in the context of a well-known cosmological metric in 5D, we construct a FRW model which is consistent with the late accelerated expansion of the universe, while fitting simultaneously the observational data for the deceleration parameter. The model predicts an effective equation of state for the universe, which is consistent with observations.

Einstein, Planck and Vera Rubin: Relevant Encounters Between the Cosmological and the Quantum Worlds

Frontiers in Physics ◽

10.3389/fphy.2020.603190 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 ◽

Author(s):

Paolo Salucci ◽

Giampiero Esposito ◽

Gaetano Lambiase ◽

Emmanuele Battista ◽

Micol Benetti ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Dark Matter ◽

Quantum Physics ◽

Dark Matter Particle ◽

High Energy ◽

New Physics ◽

Compact Objects ◽

Accelerated Expansion ◽

Special Topic ◽

In Cosmology and in Fundamental Physics there is a crucial question like: where the elusive substance that we call Dark Matter is hidden in the Universe and what is it made of? that, even after 40 years from the Vera Rubin seminal discovery [1] does not have a proper answer. Actually, the more we have investigated, the more this issue has become strongly entangled with aspects that go beyond the established Quantum Physics, the Standard Model of Elementary particles and the General Relativity and related to processes like the Inflation, the accelerated expansion of the Universe and High Energy Phenomena around compact objects. Even Quantum Gravity and very exotic Dark Matter particle candidates may play a role in framing the Dark Matter mystery that seems to be accomplice of new unknown Physics. Observations and experiments have clearly indicated that the above phenomenon cannot be considered as already theoretically framed, as hoped for decades. The Special Topic to which this review belongs wants to penetrate this newly realized mystery from different angles, including that of a contamination of different fields of Physics apparently unrelated. We show with the works of this ST that this contamination is able to guide us into the required new Physics. This review wants to provide a good number of these “paths or contamination” beyond/among the three worlds above; in most of the cases, the results presented here open a direct link with the multi-scale dark matter phenomenon, enlightening some of its important aspects. Also in the remaining cases, possible interesting contacts emerges. Finally, a very complete and accurate bibliography is provided to help the reader in navigating all these issues.

Late time transition in the evolution of the Universe

10.21203/rs.3.rs-154304/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Ekrem Aydiner ◽

Isil Basaran Oz ◽

Tekin Dereli ◽

Mustafa Sarisaman

Keyword(s):

Dark Matter ◽

Dark Energy ◽

Power Law ◽

Numerical Solutions ◽

Scale Factor ◽

Late Time ◽

Transition Problem ◽

Exponential Expansion ◽

Abstract The late time crossover from a power-law to an exponential expansion of the Universe evolution is the major problem in today’s physical cosmology. Unless this critical transition problem is solved, it is not possible to reach a holistic theory of cosmology. In this study, we propose a simple model in the FLRW framework, where dark matter and dark energy interact through a potential. We analytically solve this model and obtain scale factor a(t) from the presented model. Mainly, employing numerical solutions we show that the scale parameter has a hybrid form which includes power and exponential terms. The numerical results clearly show that there is a time crossover tc in the scale factor a(t) curve, which indicates the transition from the power-law to the exponential expansion of the Universe. We ﬁt these unscaled curves and obtain that scale factor behaves as a(t) ∝ t2/3 below t ≤ tc, and as a(t) ∝ exp(H0t) with H0 = 0.4 and H0 = 0.3 for the relatively weak and strong interactions above t > tc, respectively. It is the ﬁrst time that we explicitly obtain a hybrid scale factor incorporating the power and exponential terms as a(t) ∝ t2/3eH0t . We conclude that the presented model can solve the late time transition problem of the Universe based on dark matter and dark energy interaction. Additionally, we numerically obtain other kinematic parameters depending upon the scale factor. We discuss the limit behaviors of all relevant cosmological parameters. Our results are completely in good agreement with observational data. Finally, we state that this work makes essential steps towards solving a critical outstanding problem of the cosmology, and has a potential to creates a paradigm for future studies in this ﬁeld.