scholarly journals ORANI-SL – A Computable General Equilibrium Model to Assess the Climate Change Impacts on Agriculture in Sri Lanka  Developing a CGE database for ORANI-SL

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Walimuni Chamindri Sewanka Mendis Abeysekara ◽  
Mahinda Siriwardana ◽  
Samuel Meng
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Computable General Equilibrium ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Model Simulation ◽  
Climate Change Impacts ◽  
Production Factor ◽  
New Production ◽  
Economic Implications ◽  
Impacts Of Climate Change

Abstract This paper presents a detailed technical description of features added to the standard ORANI model to construct a CGE for Sri Lanka, namely, ORANI- SL. The model distinguishes between rain-fed and irrigated agricultural land and introduces water as a production factor. In addition, the new production structure offers the option of substitution between rain-fed and irrigated agricultural lands. The paper also describes the model's database and the steps of the data transformation process from the latest available input-output table of Sri Lanka to the ORANI-SL database, which is necessary for model simulation. The new model could be used to analyse the economy wide impacts of climate change in Sri Lanka, study the economic implications of increased irrigation capacity or sustainable water usage in Sri Lanka, and evaluate the efficacy of various other adaptive strategies to cope with the impacts of climate change. In addition this model can be easily adapted to another country.

scholarly journals Revisiting economic burdens of malaria in the face of climate change: a conceptual analysis for Ethiopia

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Amsalu Woldie Yalew
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Malaria Incidence ◽  
Climate Change Impacts ◽  
Malaria Risk ◽  
Economic Effects ◽  
Economic Consequences ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Economic Implications ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Impacts Of Climate Change

Purpose Climate change affects the geographic and seasonal range of malaria incidence, especially, in poor tropical countries. This paper aims to attempt to conceptualize the potential economic repercussions of such effects with its focus on Ethiopia. Design/methodology/approach The paper is conceptual and descriptive in its design. It first reviews existing literature and evidence on the economic burdens of malaria, and the impacts of climate change on malaria disease. It then draws the economic implications of the expected malaria risk under the future climate. This is accompanied by a discussion on a set of methods that can be used to quantify the economic effects of malaria with or without climate change. Findings A review of available evidence shows that climate change is likely to increase the geographic and seasonal range of malaria incidence in Ethiopia. The economic consequences of even a marginal increase in malaria risk will be substantial as one considers the projected impacts of climate change through other channels, the current population exposed to malaria risk and the country’s health system, economic structure and level of investment. The potential effects have the potency to require more household and public spending for health, to perpetuate poverty and inequality and to strain agricultural and regional development. Originality/value This paper sheds light on the economic implications of climate change impacts on malaria, particularly, in Agrarian countries laying in the tropics. It illustrates how such impacts will interact with other impact channels of climate change, and thus evolve to influence the macro-economy. The paper also proposes a set of methods that can be used to quantify the potential economic effects of malaria. The paper seeks to stimulate future research on this important topic which rather has been neglected.

scholarly journals Assessing biophysical and socio-economic impacts of climate change on regional avian biodiversity

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Simon Kapitza ◽  
Pham Van Ha ◽  
Tom Kompas ◽  
Nick Golding ◽  
Natasha C. R. Cadenhead ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Climate Change Impacts ◽  
Integrated Modelling ◽  
Land Use Patterns ◽  
Economic Changes ◽  
Use Patterns ◽  
Modelling Framework ◽  
Avian Biodiversity ◽  
Biodiversity Change ◽  
Impacts Of Climate Change

AbstractClimate change threatens biodiversity directly by influencing biophysical variables that drive species’ geographic distributions and indirectly through socio-economic changes that influence land use patterns, driven by global consumption, production and climate. To date, no detailed analyses have been produced that assess the relative importance of, or interaction between, these direct and indirect climate change impacts on biodiversity at large scales. Here, we apply a new integrated modelling framework to quantify the relative influence of biophysical and socio-economically mediated impacts on avian species in Vietnam and Australia and we find that socio-economically mediated impacts on suitable ranges are largely outweighed by biophysical impacts. However, by translating economic futures and shocks into spatially explicit predictions of biodiversity change, we now have the power to analyse in a consistent way outcomes for nature and people of any change to policy, regulation, trading conditions or consumption trend at any scale from sub-national to global.

scholarly journals Possible adaptation measures of agriculture sector in the Nile Delta to climate change impacts

2009 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 123-126 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. M. Attaher ◽  
M. A. Medany ◽  
A. F. Abou-Hadid
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Nile Delta ◽  
Climate Change Impacts ◽  
Yield Reduction ◽  
Agricultural System ◽  
Delta Region ◽  
Adaptation Measures ◽  
Agriculture Sector ◽  
The World ◽  
Impacts Of Climate Change

Abstract. The overall agricultural system in the Nile Delta region is considered as one of the highest intensive and complicated agriculture systems in the world. According to the recent studies, the Nile Delta region is one of the highly vulnerable regions in the world to climate change. Sea level rise, soil and water degradation, undiversified crop-pattern, yield reduction, pests and disease severity, and irrigation and drainage management were the main key factors that increased vulnerability of the agriculture sector in that region. The main objective of this study is to conduct a community-based multi-criteria adaptation assessment in the Nile Delta using a preset questionnaire. A list of possible adaptation measures for agriculture sector was evaluated. The results indicated that the Nile Delta growers have strong perceptions to act positively to reduce the impacts of climate change. They reflected the need to improve the their adaptive capacity based on clear scientific message with adequate governmental support to coop with the negative impacts of climate change.

Impacts of Climate Change on Extreme Wave Climate Along the Western Coast of Sri Lanka

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. M. J. Bamunawala ◽  
S. S. L. Hettiarachchi ◽  
S. P. Samarawickrama ◽  
P. N. Wikramanayake ◽  
Roshanka Ranasinghe
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Wave Climate ◽  
Western Coast ◽  
Extreme Wave ◽  
Impacts Of Climate Change

Sensitivity Analysis with Calibration of Natural Resource Variables under Climate Change

2017 ◽  
pp. 681-691
Author(s):  
Nilanjan Ghosh ◽  
Somnath Hazra
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Sensitivity Analysis ◽  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Natural Resource ◽  
Computable General Equilibrium ◽  
Econometric Models ◽  
The Other ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Human Economy ◽  
Impacts Of Climate Change

This chapter compares two quantitative frameworks, namely, Computable General Equilibrium (CGE) and Econometric models to study the impacts of climate change on human economy. However, as is inferred from this chapter, CGE framework is fraught with unrealistic assumptions, and fails to capture impacts of climate change and extreme events on the ecosystem services. On the other hand, econometric framework can be customised and is not based on the unrealistic assumptions like CGE. The various advantages and disadvantages of the two methods have been discussed critically in the process in this chapter in light of the avowed objective of understanding sustainability science.

scholarly journals CLIMATE CHANGE KEY-CHALLENGES IN COASTAL ENGINEERING

2018 ◽  
pp. 33
Author(s):  
Iñigo J. Losada ◽  
Paula Camus ◽  
Alexandra Toimil ◽  
Antonio Espejo ◽  
Cristina Izaguirre
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Climate Change Impacts ◽  
Coastal Engineering ◽  
Coastal Communities ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Engineering Practice ◽  
Continuous Growth ◽  
Leading Role ◽  
Coastal Systems ◽  
Impacts Of Climate Change

Coastal engineers play a leading role in assessing climate change impacts in coastal and low-lying areas and in the design and implementation of adaptation solutions to build resilient coastal systems. Given the continuous growth of coastal communities and assets along the world coastlines, the need to protect and preserve natural and socioeconomic coastal systems and the escalating impacts of climate change (Wong et al. 2014), there is an urgent demand by decision makers for coastal engineering practice dealing with risk assessment and adaptation under high levels of uncertainty.

scholarly journals Perceived Climate Change Impacts and Adaptation Strategy of Indigenous Community (Chepangs) in Rural Mid-hills of Nepal

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
pp. 48-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pragya Khanal ◽  
Bishnu H. Wagle ◽  
Suraj Upadhaya ◽  
Prayash Ghimire ◽  
Suman Acharya
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Local Level ◽  
National Level ◽  
Climate Change Impacts ◽  
Adaptation Strategy ◽  
Adaptation Strategies ◽  
Marginalized Communities ◽  
Indigenous Group ◽  
Impacts Of Climate Change

Climate change is projected to increase in vulnerable areas of the world, and marginalized communities residing in rural areas are more vulnerable to the change. The perceptions of climate change and adaptation strategies made by such communities are important considerations in the design of adaptation strategies by policy-makers. We examined the most marginalized indigenous group "Chepang" communities' perceptions towards this change, variability, and their attitudes to adaptations and adapted coping measures in mid-hills of Nepal. We interviewed 155 individuals from two Chepang communities, namely, Shaktikhor and Siddhi in Chitwan district of Nepal. We also analyzed biophysical data to assess the variability. The findings showed that the Chepang community has experienced significant impacts of climate change and variability. They attributed crop disease, insect infestation, human health problem, and weather-related disaster as the impacts of climate change. Strategies they have adopted in response to the change are the use of intense fertilizers in farmland, hybrid seeds cultivation, crop diversification, etc. Local level and national level adaptation policies need to be designed and implemented as soon as possible to help climate vulnerable communities like Chepangs to cope against the impacts of climate change.

scholarly journals Economic implications of climate change impacts on human health through undernourishment

2016 ◽  
Vol 136 (2) ◽  
pp. 189-202 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomoko Hasegawa ◽  
Shinichiro Fujimori ◽  
Kiyoshi Takahashi ◽  
Tokuta Yokohata ◽  
Toshihiko Masui
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Climate Change Impacts ◽  
Economic Implications

scholarly journals Climate-change feedback on economic growth: explorations with a dynamic general equilibrium model

2010 ◽  
Vol 15 (5) ◽  
pp. 515-533 ◽  
Author(s):  
FABIO EBOLI ◽  
RAMIRO PARRADO ◽  
ROBERTO ROSON
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Economic Growth ◽  
General Equilibrium ◽  
Computable General Equilibrium ◽  
Wealth Distribution ◽  
Climate Change Impacts ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Production And Consumption ◽  
The World ◽  
Emissions Intensity

ABSTRACTHuman-generated greenhouse gases depend on the level and emissions intensity of economic activities. Therefore, most climate-change studies are based on the models and scenarios of economic growth. Economic growth itself, however, is likely to be affected by climate-change impacts. These impacts affect the economy in multiple and complex ways: changes in productivity, resource endowments, production and consumption patterns. We use a new dynamic, multi-regional computable general equilibrium (CGE) model of the world economy to answer the following questions: Will climate-change impacts significantly affect growth and wealth distribution in the world? Should forecasts of human-induced greenhouse gas emissions be revised, once the climate-change impacts are taken into account? We found that, even though economic growth and emission paths do not change significantly at the global level, relevant differences exist at the regional and sectoral level. In particular, developing countries appear to suffer the most from the climate-change impacts.

scholarly journals CLIMATE CHANGE CHALLENGES FACING SRI LANKA: A LITERATURE REVIEW

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.P.M. Dasandara ◽  
◽  
U. Kulatunga ◽  
M.J.B. Ingirige ◽  
T. Fernando ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Climate Change Impacts ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Mitigation And Adaptation ◽  
Adverse Weather ◽  
Temperature Levels ◽  
Earth’S Climate ◽  
The Many

The earth’s climate has changed throughout history and climate change can be identified as an inevitable phenomenon which is being experienced by the whole world. When considering the Sri Lankan context, it is no different to the global context in that the country’s climate has already changed. Sri Lanka, being an island state, is vulnerable to many climate change impacts including high-temperature levels, adverse weather events, sea level rising, and changes in precipitation patterns. The many challenges that arise from these climate-related issues are projected to continue through this century and beyond. Thus, climate change mitigation and adaptation have become the most appropriate ways to restrain these climate change challenges in Sri Lanka. It is paramount to get a broad understanding of how disastrous these climate change challenges are, prior to implementing appropriate responses to overcome them. This urges the need for conducting an in-depth investigation of prevailing climate change challenges in Sri Lanka. Thus, this study presents the prevailing climate change challenges facing Sri Lanka through a conceptual framework, that has been developed based on the existing literature. The developed framework reveals how these prevailing climate changes can lead to a number of challenges. These challenges were identified under three main categories as economic, social, and environmental challenges. The knowledge generated through this literature review will be the focus of future research.

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