Phenylpropanoid metabolism and pigmentation show divergent patterns between brown color and green color cottons as revealed by metabolic and gene expression analyses

Abstract Background Naturally colored cotton has become increasingly popular because of their natural properties of coloration, UV protection, flame retardant, antibacterial activity and mildew resistance. But poor fiber quality and limited color choices are two key issues that have restricted the cultivation of naturally colored cotton. To identify the possible pathways participating in fiber pigmentation in naturally colored cottons, five colored cotton accessions in three different color types (with green, brown and white fiber) were chosen for a comprehensive analysis of phenylpropanoid metabolism during fiber development.Results The expression levels of flavonoid biosynthesis pathway genes in brown cotton fibers were significantly higher than those in white and green cotton fibers. Total flavonoids and proanthocyanidin (PA) were higher in brown cotton fibers relative to those in white and green cotton fibers, which suggested that the flavonoid biosynthesis pathway might not participate in the pigmentation of green cotton fibers. Further expression analysis indicated that the genes encoding enzymes for the synthesis of caffeic acid derivatives, lignin and lignan were activated in the developing fibers of the green cotton at 10 DPA (days post-anthesis) and 15 DPA. Conclusions Our results strengthen the understanding of phenylpropanoid metabolism and pigmentation in green and brown cotton fibers, and may improve the breeding of naturally colored cottons.

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Phenylpropanoid metabolism and pigmentation show divergent patterns between brown color and green color cottons as revealed by metabolic and gene expression analyses

Journal of Cotton Research ◽

10.1186/s42397-020-00069-x ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 3 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Zhonghua LI ◽

Qian SU ◽

Mingqi XU ◽

Jiaqi YOU ◽

Anam Qadir KHAN ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Fiber Quality ◽

Flavonoid Biosynthesis ◽

Cotton Fibers ◽

Phenylpropanoid Metabolism ◽

Biosynthesis Pathway ◽

Genes Encoding ◽

Colored Cotton ◽

Different Color ◽

Naturally Colored Cotton ◽

Flavonoid Biosynthesis Pathway

Abstract Background Naturally-colored cotton has become increasingly popular because of their natural properties of coloration, UV protection, flame retardant, antibacterial activity and mildew resistance. But poor fiber quality and limited color choices are two key issues that have restricted the cultivation of naturally-colored cotton. To identify the possible pathways participating in fiber pigmentation in naturally-colored cottons, five colored cotton accessions in three different color types (with green, brown and white fiber) were chosen for a comprehensive analysis of phenylpropanoid metabolism during fiber development. Results The expression levels of flavonoid biosynthesis pathway genes in brown cotton fibers were significantly higher than those in white and green cotton fibers. Total flavonoids and proanthocyanidin were higher in brown cotton fibers relative to those in white and green cotton fibers, which suggested that the flavonoid biosynthesis pathway might not participate in the pigmentation of green cotton fibers. Further expression analysis indicated that the genes encoding enzymes for the synthesis of caffeic acid derivatives, lignin and lignan were activated in the developing fibers of the green cotton at 10 and 15 days post-anthesis. Conclusions Our results strengthen the understanding of phenylpropanoid metabolism and pigmentation in green and brown cotton fibers, and may improve the breeding of naturally-colored cottons.

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Phenylpropanoid metabolism and pigmentation show divergent patterns between brown color and green color cottons as revealed by metabolic and gene expression analyses

10.21203/rs.3.rs-32712/v2 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Zhonghua Li ◽

Qian Su ◽

Mingqi Xu ◽

Jiaqi You ◽

Anam Qadir Khan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Fiber Quality ◽

Flavonoid Biosynthesis ◽

Cotton Fibers ◽

Phenylpropanoid Metabolism ◽

Biosynthesis Pathway ◽

Genes Encoding ◽

Colored Cotton ◽

Key Issues ◽

Naturally Colored Cotton ◽

Flavonoid Biosynthesis Pathway

Abstract BackgroundNaturally colored cotton has become increasingly popular because of their natural properties of color, UV protection, flame retardant, antibacterial activity and anti-mildew. But poor fiber quality and restricted color choices are two key issues that have limited the cultivation of naturally colored cotton. To identify the possible pathways participating in fiber pigmentation in naturally colored cottons, three differently colored cottons (with green, brown and white colored fiber) were chosen for a comprehensive analysis of phenylpropanoid metabolism during fiber development.ResultsThe expression levels of flavonoid biosynthesis pathway genes in brown cotton fibers were significantly higher than in white and green cotton fibers. Total flavonoids and proanthocyanidin (PA) were high in brown cotton fibers but low in white and green cotton fibers, which suggested that flavonoid biosynthesis pathway might not participate in the pigmentation of green cotton fibers. Further expression analysis indicated that genes encoding enzymes for the synthesis of caffeic acid derivatives, lignin and lignan were activated in 10 DPA (days post-anthesis) and 15 DPA fibers of green cottons. ConclusionsOur results strengthen the understanding of phenylpropanoid metabolism and pigmentation in different colored cottons, and may provide strategies for improving the breeding of green and brown cottons.

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Phenylpropanoid metabolism and pigmentation show divergent patterns between brown color and green color cottons as revealed by metabolic and gene expression analyses

10.21203/rs.3.rs-32712/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Zhonghua Li ◽

Qian Su ◽

Mingqi Xu ◽

Jiaqi You ◽

Anam Qadir Khan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Fiber Quality ◽

Flavonoid Biosynthesis ◽

Cotton Fibers ◽

Phenylpropanoid Metabolism ◽

Biosynthesis Pathway ◽

Green Color ◽

Colored Cotton ◽

Naturally Colored Cotton ◽

Flavonoid Biosynthesis Pathway ◽

Brown Color

Abstract Background Naturally colored cotton has become increasingly popular because of their natural properties of color, UV protection, flame retardant, antibacterial activity and anti-mildew. But poor fiber quality and restricted color choices are two key issues that have limited the cultivation of naturally colored cottons. To identify the possible pathways participating in fiber pigmentation in naturally colored cottons, three differently colored cotton (with green, brown and white colored fiber) were chosen for a comprehensive analysis of phenylpropanoid metabolism during fiber development. Results The expression levels of flavonoid biosynthesis pathway genes in brown cotton fibers were significantly higher than in white or green cotton fibers. Total flavonoids and proanthocyanidin (PA) were high in brown cotton fibers but low in white and green cotton fibers, which suggested that flavonoid biosynthesis pathway might not participate in the pigmentation of green cotton fibers. Further expression analysis found that genes encoding enzymes for the synthesis of caffeic acid derivatives, lignin and lignan were activated in 10 DPA (days post-anthesis) and 15 DPA fibers of green cotton. Conclusions Our results strengthen understanding of phenylpropanoid metabolism and pigmentation in different colored cottons, and may provide strategies for improving green color and brown color cottons.

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Flavonoid biosynthesis controls fiber color in naturally colored cotton

PeerJ ◽

10.7717/peerj.4537 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 6 ◽

pp. e4537 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Hai-Feng Liu ◽

Cheng Luo ◽

Wu Song ◽

Haitao Shen ◽

Guoliang Li ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Metabolic Pathway ◽

Biosynthetic Pathway ◽

Fiber Quality ◽

Cotton Fibers ◽

Flavonoid Pathway ◽

Pigment Synthesis ◽

Reverse Transcription Pcr ◽

Flavonoid Biosynthetic Pathway ◽

Colored Cotton ◽

Naturally Colored Cotton

The existence of only natural brown and green cotton fibers (BCF and GCF, respectively), as well as poor fiber quality, limits the use of naturally colored cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.). A better understanding of fiber pigment regulation is needed to surmount these obstacles. In this work, transcriptome analysis and quantitative reverse transcription PCR revealed that 13 and 9 phenylpropanoid (metabolic) pathway genes were enriched during pigment synthesis, while the differential expression of phenylpropanoid (metabolic) and flavonoid metabolic pathway genes occurred among BCF, GCF, and white cotton fibers (WCF). Silencing the chalcone flavanone isomerase gene in a BCF line resulted in three fiber phenotypes among offspring of the RNAi lines: BCF, almost WCF, and GCF. The lines with almost WCF suppressed chalcone flavanone isomerase, while the lines with GCF highly expressed the glucosyl transferase (3GT) gene. Overexpression of the Gh3GT or Arabidopsis thaliana 3GT gene in BCF lines resulted in GCF. Additionally, the phenylpropanoid and flavonoid metabolites of BCF and GCF were significantly higher than those of WCF as assessed by a metabolomics analysis. Thus, the flavonoid biosynthetic pathway controls both brown and green pigmentation processes. Like natural colored fibers, the transgenic colored fibers were weaker and shorter than WCF. This study shows the potential of flavonoid pathway modifications to alter cotton fibers’ color and quality.

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Discovery and evaluation of a novel step in the flavonoid biosynthesis pathway regulated by F3H gene using a yeast expression system

10.1101/753210 ◽

2019 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Rahmatullah Jan ◽

Sajjad Asaf ◽

Sanjita Paudel ◽

Sangkyu Lee ◽

Kyung-Min Kim

Keyword(s):

Western Blotting ◽

Rice Plant ◽

Expression System ◽

Plant Secondary Metabolites ◽

Flavonoid Biosynthesis ◽

Yeast Expression ◽

List Type ◽

Biosynthesis Pathway ◽

Yeast Expression System ◽

Flavonoid Biosynthesis Pathway

AbstractKaempferol and quercetin are the essential plant secondary metabolites that confer huge biological functions in the plant defense system. These metabolites are produced in low quantities in plants, therefore engineering microbial factory is a favorable strategy for the production of these metabolites. In this study, biosynthetic pathways for kaempferol and quercetin were constructed in Saccharomyces cerevisiae using naringenin as a substrate. The results elucidated a novel step for the first time in kaempferol and quercetin biosynthesis directly from naringenin catalyzed by flavonol 3-hydroxylase (F3H). F3H gene from rice was cloned into pRS42K yeast episomal plasmid (YEP) vector using BamH1 and Xho1 restriction enzymes. We analyzed our target gene activity in engineered and in empty strains. The results were confirmed through TLC followed by Western blotting, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), and LC-MS. TLC showed positive results on comparing both compounds extracted from the engineered strain with the standard reference. Western blotting confirmed lack of Oryza sativa flavonol 3-hydroxylase (OsF3H) activity in empty strains while high OsF3H expression in engineered strains. NMR spectroscopy confirmed only quercetin, while LCMS-MS results revealed that F3H is responsible for naringenin conversion to both kaempferol and quercetin. These results concluded that rice F3H catalyzes naringenin metabolism via hydroxylation and synthesizes kaempferol and quercetin.HighlightsCurrent study is a discovery of a novel step in flavonoid biosynthesis pathway of rice plant.In this study F3H gene from rice plant was functionally expressed in yeast expression system.Results confirmed that, F3H gene is responsible for the canalization of naringenin and converted into kaempferol and quercetin.The results were confirmed through, western blotting, TLC, HPLC and NMR analysis.

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A fast and simple LC-MS-based characterization of the flavonoid biosynthesis pathway for few seed(ling)s

BMC Plant Biology ◽

10.1186/s12870-016-0880-7 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 16 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Benjamin Jaegle ◽

Miran Kalle Uroic ◽

Xu Holtkotte ◽

Christina Lucas ◽

Andreas Ole Termath ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Flavonoid Biosynthesis ◽

Biosynthesis Pathway ◽

Seed Ling ◽

Flavonoid Biosynthesis Pathway

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Temporospatial Flavonoids Metabolism Variation in Ginkgo biloba Leaves

Frontiers in Genetics ◽

10.3389/fgene.2020.589326 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 ◽

Author(s):

Ying Guo ◽

Tongli Wang ◽

Fang-Fang Fu ◽

Yousry A. El-Kassaby ◽

Guibin Wang

Keyword(s):

Ginkgo Biloba ◽

Molecular Mechanisms ◽

Developmental Stages ◽

Early Stage ◽

Sunshine Duration ◽

Flavonoid Biosynthesis ◽

Flavonoid Glycosides ◽

Biosynthesis Pathway ◽

Flavonoids Biosynthesis ◽

Flavonoid Biosynthesis Pathway

Ginkgo (Ginkgo biloba L.) is a high-value medicinal tree species characterized by its flavonoids beneficial effects that are abundant in leaves. We performed a temporospatial comprehensive transcriptome and metabolome dynamics analyses of clonally propagated Ginkgo plants at four developmental stages (time: May to August) across three different environments (space) to unravel leaves flavonoids biosynthesis variation. Principal component analysis revealed clear gene expression separation across samples from different environments and leaf-developmental stages. We found that flavonoid-related metabolism was more active in the early stage of leaf development, and the content of total flavonoid glycosides and the expression of some genes in flavonoid biosynthesis pathway peaked in May. We also constructed a co-expression regulation network and identified eight GbMYBs and combining with other TF genes (3 GbERFs, 1 GbbHLH, and 1 GbTrihelix) positively regulated the expression of multiple structural genes in the flavonoid biosynthesis pathway. We found that part of these GbTFs (Gb_11316, Gb_32143, and Gb_00128) expressions was negatively correlated with mean minimum temperature and mean relative humidity, while positively correlated with sunshine duration. This study increased our understanding of the molecular mechanisms of flavonoids biosynthesis in Ginkgo leaves and provided insight into the proper production and management of Ginkgo commercial plantations.

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