scholarly journals Predicting Humification Degree of Organic Solid Waste During Aerobic Fermentation Using Designated Bacterial Community

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hong-Yu Yang ◽  
Shu-Bo Zhang ◽  
Yue Zhao ◽  
Xin-Yu Xie ◽  
Zi-min Wei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Community ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Degradation Process ◽  
Biological Indicator ◽  
Aerobic Fermentation ◽  
Fermentation Products ◽  
Organic Solid Waste ◽  
Organic Solid ◽  
Humification Degree

Abstract Background: Microbe is the driver for disposing of organic solid waste (OSW) during aerobic fermentation. Notwithstanding, the significance of microbe is always underestimated in numerous preceding studies about the aerobic fermentation products assessment. Results: Here, we investigate the humification degree (HD) and humic acid content could be assessed in terms of the bacterial community. Microbial sequencing and bioinformatics approaches are combined to analyze the biological characteristics of 105 aerobic fermentation samples collected. The bacterial communities could make predictions, which even correctly determines the categories of OSWs with 94% accuracy. Furthermore, the bacterial genera screened are designated as the bacterial code, which is substituted into the Random forest model to predict HD. And the bacteria codes can also provide a better prediction of the HD. Conclusions: Our result suggested that bacteria codes a reliable biological method is proposed to assess HD effectively. Our experiment not only proves that the aerobic fermentation can be revealed by biological means. The bacterial codes can also be used as an ecological and biological indicator to evaluate the quality of the aerobic fermentation of different materials. This study further provides new insights on the use of microbe to evaluate the content of various substances during the degradation process of OSWs.

scholarly journals Composition of Domestic Solid Waste on Biogas Production and Characteristic in MSW Landfill

2018 ◽  
Vol 73 ◽  
pp. 07009
Author(s):  
Syafrudin Syafrudin ◽  
Samadikun Budi Prasetyo ◽  
Wardana Irawan Wisnu
Keyword(s):  
Solid Waste ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Density Level ◽  
Heating Value ◽  
Organic Solid Waste ◽  
High Heating Value ◽  
Organic Solid ◽  
Inorganic Waste ◽  
Domestic Solid Waste

Organic solid waste will undergo a decomposition process and produces some gases compounds such as a large enough of Methane (CH4), Carbon Dioxide (CO2) with Oxygen (O2) and N2. The high heating value of CH4 in biogas can make biogas as a good source of renewable energy and environmentally friendly. Biogas calorie efficiency is proportional to the concentration of CH4 in biogas. However, the quantity and quality of biogas that produced in landfill depend on the characteristic and density of domestic solid waste in landfill. The composition of organic and inorganic waste and the density of waste pile will alter the CH4 content. This study focuses on measuring CH4 content of the solid waste with different density while also identifying the composition of disposed solid waste. The result indicates that the CH4 content ranges from 33% to 57.7% with 22.19% to 42.24% of CO2 and approximately 1.21% - 7.92% of O2. The presence of inorganic waste and density level of waste contribute to the decomposition rate and CH4 content.

scholarly journals Quality assessment of compost from Centralized windrow composter (CWC) and Source segregate automatic vessel composter (AVC) at Hyderabad city in India

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 450-454
Author(s):  
Anil Kurmana ◽  
N. Srinivas
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Solid Waste Management ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Organic Solid Waste ◽  
Organic Solid ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Recent Initiative ◽  
Windrow Composting

 Out of the millions of tons of Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) generated annually in India, only about 75-80% of the waste gets collected and out of this, only 22- 28% is processed and treated, and the remaining is deposited indiscriminately at dump yards. Hyderabad city generates around 5500MT of waste every day. And only 20% of the waste is used for composting using the windrow composting process. MSW composting is a rapidly growing method of solid waste management in Hyderabad and In-Vessel composting is the recent initiative by the Govt. of India to reduce the organic solid waste generated at the source. The present study was aimed to assess the degree of accumulation and contamination of the heavy metals in composts from Centralised Windrow Composter (CWC) and Source Segregated Accelerated Vessel Composter (AVC). Compost Samples from CWC and AVC were analysed for metals concentration using Energy Dispersive X-ray Fluorescence Spectrometers (ED-XRF). CWC samples were found with slightly high concentrations of heavy metals like Zinc (0.51 – 0.66%), Copper (0.36 – 0.45%), Nickel 0.03 – 0.05%), Iron (11.46 – 13.27%), and chromium (0.06 – 0.14%) compared to AVC. AVC samples contained high concentrations of Calcium (14.99 – 64.19%), Potassium (9.13 – 29.59%) and Phosphorous (1.55 – 3.43%) when compared to CWC. The current study does a comparative analysis on the process and nutrients available to assess the quality of the compost from both sources. Considering the above findings source segregated AVC seems to be a better composter than centralised CWC, as the concentrations of Ca, K, and P required by the plant were abundant in AVC. Also, considering the process aspect, there is always scope for cross-contamination if the waste is separated after treatment which is the case in CWC.

Effect of pH and VFA on Hydrolysis of Organic Solid Waste

2000 ◽  
Vol 126 (12) ◽  
pp. 1076-1081 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adrie Veeken ◽  
Sergey Kalyuzhnyi ◽  
Heijo Scharff ◽  
Bert Hamelers
Keyword(s):  
Solid Waste ◽  
Effect Of Ph ◽  
Organic Solid Waste ◽  
Organic Solid ◽  
Hydrolysis Of

Vermicompost an Alternative in the Treatment of Organic Solid Waste, in Zones Altoandinas, Tarma, Junin 2019

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
pp. 678-687
Author(s):  
Godofredo Román Lobato Calderón ◽  
Pascual Guevara Yanqui ◽  
Miguel Ángel Ramírez Arellano
Keyword(s):  
Ambient Temperature ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Average Length ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Drain Pipe ◽  
Organic Solid Waste ◽  
Weight Growth ◽  
Organic Solid ◽  
Animal Excreta

In the present investigation, the weight, growth, adaptability and production of humus of a calf foot of Californian red worm (Eisenia foetida) fed with compost (made from animal excreta and organic waste) and organic remains were evaluated. The evaluation was carried out in Tarma, Junín Region. A breeding ground was built with 3.2 m3 cement bricks (6.10 m long  1.05 m wide and 0.50 m high); with a 5 cm thick screed with a 2” PVC drain pipe with a west-east slope, raised by the west side at 15°. A population of 10,000 individuals (10 kilograms) was sown, a sample of 370 individuals was extracted by applying a Simple Random Sampling (MAS) whose average weight and length was 0.3 g and 30 mm. they were fed for 3 months (90 days), the calf was divided into 21 sampling points from which 383 worms were weighed and measured whose average weight and length were 0.38 g and 33.24 mm (3.32 cm). Data were taken every day at 2:00 pm, hydrogen potential (pH) and humidity (soil peach meter), substrate temperature (digital thermometer), ambient temperature (thermohygrometer) were recorded. The average weight of the worms varied from 0.30-0.38 g, the average length varied from 30-33.24 mm. The presence of tiny heels and worms demonstrated their adaptability. The production of humus was 3 tons, the efficiency of the breeding stock was 93.75%. The final substrate had an average of 6.72 pH, 13.61°C temperature, 69.86% humidity and 19.5°C ambient temperature. Consequently, vermicompost is an alternative in the treatment of organic solid waste to be developed in high Andean areas.

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