scholarly journals Applying Hybrid Equal Channel Angular Pressing (HECAP) to pure copper using optimized Exp.-ECAP die

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Serkan Öğüt ◽  
Hasan Kaya ◽  
Aykut Kentli ◽  
Mehmet UÇAR
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Grain Size ◽  
Grain Refinement ◽  
Equal Channel Angular Pressing ◽  
Pure Copper ◽  
Mechanical Tests ◽  
Geometric Parameters ◽  
Homogeneous Distribution ◽  
Angular Pressing ◽  
Ecap Process

Abstract Equal channel angular pressing (ECAP), expansion equal channel angular pressing (Exp.-ECAP) and hybrid equal channel angular pressing (HECAP) processes were applied to pure copper specimens within this study. Before the ECAP and HECAP processes, an Exp.-ECAP mold with optimum geometric parameters was produced to be used in these processes. The samples, on which ECAP, Exp.-ECAP and HECAP processes were applied, were subjected to microstructure analysis and mechanical tests, and the effects of these processes were examined. The results obtained showed that the Exp.-ECAP process gave better results in grain refinement and mechanical properties, and the Exp.-ECAP passes applied after the ECAP process within the scope of the HECAP process provided a more homogeneous distribution for grain size and hardness.

Mechanical Properties and Texture Evolution of AZ31 Mg Alloy during Equal Channel Angular Pressing

2005 ◽  
Vol 475-479 ◽  
pp. 545-548 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hyo Tae Jeong ◽  
Woo Jin Kim
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Grain Refinement ◽  
Equal Channel Angular Pressing ◽  
Texture Evolution ◽  
Fiber Texture ◽  
Mg Alloy ◽  
Angular Pressing ◽  
Ecap Process ◽  
Az31 Mg Alloy ◽  
Similar Texture

Microstructure and texture evolution in the AZ31 Mg alloy subject to equal channel angular pressing (ECAP) have been investigated and correlated with the mechanical properties. When AZ31 Mg alloy was ECAPed up to 8 passes following the route Bc, grain refinement occurred effectively. Texture was also changed during ECAP. The original fiber texture of the extruded AZ31 Mg alloy changed to a new texture component of ] 1 3 2 5 )[ 1 1 01 ( , and the texture of ] 1 3 2 5 )[ 1 1 01 ( orientation was rotated to ] 0 2 5 7 )[ 6 4 13 ( orientation after 6-pass ECAP process. The variation of the strength with the pass number was explained by the texture and grain size. The strength data of AZ31 Mg alloys followed the standard Hall-Petch relationship when the similar texture was retained during the ECAP process. Otherwise the effect of texture on strength was dominant over the strengthening due to grain refinement.

scholarly journals Mechanical Properties of Copper Processed by Equal Channel Angular Pressing

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 124-129
Author(s):  
K. Sülleiová ◽  
B. Ballóková ◽  
M. Besterci ◽  
T. Kvačkaj
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Plastic Deformation ◽  
Grain Size ◽  
Equal Channel Angular Pressing ◽  
Dynamic Equilibrium ◽  
Pure Copper ◽  
Angular Pressing ◽  
Static Tensile ◽  
Strength And Ductility ◽  
Test Stress

Abstract The development of the nanostructure in commercial pure copper and the strength and ductility after severe plastic deformation (SPD) with the technology of equal channel angular pressing (ECAP) are analysed. Experimental results and analyses showed that both strength and ductility can be increased simultaneously by SPD. The final grain size decreased from the initial 50μm by SPD to 100-300 nm after 10 passes. An increase of the ductility together with an increase of strength caused by SPD are explained by a strong grain refinement and by a dynamic equilibrium of weakening and strengthening, and it is visible on the final static tensile test stress-strain charts.

scholarly journals Experimental and Numerical Investigation of the ECAP Processed Copper: Microstructural Evolution, Crystallographic Texture and Hardness Homogeneity

Metals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 607
Author(s):  
A. I. Alateyah ◽  
Mohamed M. Z. Ahmed ◽  
Yasser Zedan ◽  
H. Abd El-Hafez ◽  
Majed O. Alawad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Size ◽  
Equal Channel Angular Pressing ◽  
Cross Section ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Pure Copper ◽  
High Density ◽  
Ecap Processing ◽  
Heterogeneous Distribution ◽  
Angular Pressing ◽  
Average Grain Size

The current study presents a detailed investigation for the equal channel angular pressing of pure copper through two regimes. The first was equal channel angular pressing (ECAP) processing at room temperature and the second was ECAP processing at 200 °C for up to 4-passes of route Bc. The grain structure and texture was investigated using electron back scattering diffraction (EBSD) across the whole sample cross-section and also the hardness and the tensile properties. The microstructure obtained after 1-pass at room temperature revealed finer equiaxed grains of about 3.89 µm down to submicrons with a high density of twin compared to the starting material. Additionally, a notable increase in the low angle grain boundaries (LAGBs) density was observed. This microstructure was found to be homogenous through the sample cross section. Further straining up to 2-passes showed a significant reduction of the average grain size to 2.97 µm with observable heterogeneous distribution of grains size. On the other hand, increasing the strain up to 4-passes enhanced the homogeneity of grain size distribution. The texture after 4-passes resembled the simple shear texture with about 7 times random. Conducting the ECAP processing at 200 °C resulted in a severely deformed microstructure with the highest fraction of submicron grains and high density of substructures was also observed. ECAP processing through 4-passes at room temperature experienced a significant increase in both hardness and tensile strength up to 180% and 124%, respectively.

Microstructures and Mechanical Properties of AZ61 Mg Alloy Processed by Equal Channel Angular Pressing

2012 ◽  
Vol 468-471 ◽  
pp. 2124-2127 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shao Feng Zeng ◽  
Kai Huai Yang ◽  
Wen Zhe Chen
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Grain Size ◽  
Equal Channel Angular Pressing ◽  
Uniform Elongation ◽  
Considerable Decrease ◽  
Angular Pressing ◽  
Az61 Magnesium Alloy ◽  
Average Grain Size ◽  
Microstructures And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Bimodal Grain Size

Equal channel angular pressing (ECAP) was applied to a commercial AZ61 magnesium alloy for up to 8 passes at temperatures as low as 473K. Microstructures and mechanical properties of as-received and ECAP deformed samples were investigated. The microstructure was initially not uniform with a “bimodal” grain size distribution but became increasingly homogeneous with further ECAP passes and the average grain size was considerably reduced from over 26 μm to below 5 μm. The ultimate tensile strength (UTS) decreases clearly after one pass, but increases significantly up to two passes, and then continuously slowly decreases up to six passes, and again increases slightly up to eight passes. In contrast, the uniform elongation increased significantly up to 3 passes, followed by considerable decrease up to 8 passes. These observations may be attributed to combined effects of grain refinement and texture development.

Processing of Copper by Equal Channel Angular Pressing (ECAP) – Microstructure Investigations

2015 ◽  
Vol 641 ◽  
pp. 286-293
Author(s):  
Beata Leszczyńska-Madej ◽  
Maria W. Richert ◽  
Agnieszka Hotloś ◽  
Jacek Skiba
Keyword(s):  
Equal Channel Angular Pressing ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Subgrain Size ◽  
Pure Copper ◽  
Shear Bands ◽  
Angular Pressing ◽  
Ecap Process ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Diffraction Patterns

The present study attempts to apply Equal-Channel Angular Pressing (ECAP) to 99.99% pure copper. ECAP process was realized at room temperature for 4, 8 and 16 passes through route BC using a die having angle of 90°. The microstructure of the samples was investigated by means both light and transmission electron microscopy. Additionally the microhardness was measured and statistical analysis of the grains and subgrains was performed. Based on Kikuchi diffraction patterns misorientation was determined. There were some different types of bands in the microstructure after deformation. The shear bands, bands and in the submicron range the microshear bands and microbands are a characteristic feature of the microstructure of copper. Also characteristic was increasing of the number of bands with increasing of deformation and mutually crossing of the bands. The intersection of a bands and microbands leads to the formation of new grains with the large misorientation angle. The measured grain/subgrain size show, that the grain size is maintained at a similar level after each stage of deformation and is equal to d = 0.25 – 0.32 μm.

Influence of Stacking Fault Energy on the Microstructures and Grain Refinement in the Cu-Al Alloys during Equal-Channel Angular Pressing

2010 ◽  
Vol 667-669 ◽  
pp. 379-384 ◽  
Author(s):  
X.H. An ◽  
Shi Ding Wu ◽  
Z.F. Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Grain Size ◽  
Grain Refinement ◽  
Equal Channel Angular Pressing ◽  
Al Alloys ◽  
Stacking Fault ◽  
High Recovery ◽  
Angular Pressing ◽  
High Recovery Rate ◽  
Refinement Mechanism ◽  
Stacking Fault Energies

The microstructural evolution and grain refinement of Cu-Al alloys with different stacking fault energies (SFEs) processed by equal-channel angular pressing (ECAP) were investigated. The grain refinement mechanism was gradually transformed from dislocation subdivision to twin fragmentation with tailoring the SFE of Cu-Al alloys. Concurrent with the transition of grain refinement mechanism, the grain size can be refined into from ultrafine region (1 m~100 nm) to the nanoscale (<100 nm) and then it is found that the minimum equilibrium grain size decreases in a roughly linear way with lowering the SFE. Moreover, in combination with the previous results, it is proposed that the formation of a uniform ultrafine microstructure can be formed more readily in the materials with high SFE due to their high recovery rate of dislocations and in the materials with low SFE due to the easy formation of a homogeneously-twinned microstructure.

Grain Refinement and Texture Evolution in AZ31 Alloy during ECAP Process and Their Effects on Mechanical Properties

2005 ◽  
Vol 475-479 ◽  
pp. 549-554 ◽  
Author(s):  
H.S. Kim ◽  
Hyo Tae Jeong ◽  
Ha Guk Jeong ◽  
Woo Jin Kim
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Grain Size ◽  
Grain Refinement ◽  
Texture Evolution ◽  
Az31 Alloy ◽  
Mg Alloys ◽  
Fine Grained ◽  
Ecap Process ◽  
Texture Modification ◽  
Similar Texture

The softening of fine-grained ECAPed AZ31 Mg alloys could be ascribed to the texture modification during ECAP. Lower ECAP temperature is more effective in refining the microstructure. The strength of the ECAPed AZ 31 Mg alloys increased with decrease in grain size when they have similar texture.

Evaluation Grain Homogeneity of Aluminium after ECAP Process by ECAP Geometry Analysis Using Taguchi Method

2013 ◽  
Vol 594-595 ◽  
pp. 896-901
Author(s):  
Aminnudin ◽  
Pratiko ◽  
Anindito Purnowidodo ◽  
Yudy Surya Irawan ◽  
Shigeyuki Haruyama ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Size ◽  
Taguchi Method ◽  
Equal Channel Angular Pressing ◽  
Channel Angle ◽  
Angular Pressing ◽  
Fine Grain ◽  
Ecap Process ◽  
Fillet Radius ◽  
Geometry Analysis

Grain size and homogeneity are influence to aluminium properties, Equal channel angular pressing (ECAP) can produce aluminium with ultra fine grain Size (UFG). The grain size is depends on ECAP Dies geometry (Channel angle Φ, Fillet radius ψ) and friction, taguchi method used to find the optimum dies geometry its can produce smaller grain size and homogeny. Modeling done with channel angels 90, 105 and 120°, fillet radius (inside) 1.5, 5,0 and 10 mm ; fillet radius (outside) 1.5, 5,0 and 10 mm and friction 0, 0,025 and 0,05. Modeling used L9 taguchi matrix, the most homogeny dies is ECAP dies with channel angel 105°, fillet radius (inside) 10 mm ; fillet radius (outside) 0 mm and friction 0,025

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