scholarly journals Adsorbed leucaena protein on citrate modified Fe3O4 nanoparticles: synthesis, characterization, and its application as magnetic coagulant

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hans Kristianto ◽  
Edwin Reynaldi ◽  
Susiana Prasetyo ◽  
Asaf K Sugih
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Protein Adsorption ◽  
Trisodium Citrate ◽  
Settling Time ◽  
Treated Water ◽  
Citrate Concentration ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Dissolved Organics ◽  
Coagulant Dosage ◽  
Before And After

Abstract Natural coagulants from plants resources have gained a lot of attention as it is renewable, biodegradable, non-hazardous, lower cost, and less sludge generated compared to chemical coagulants. However there are still some drawbacks, namely long settling time and possible increase of dissolved organic carbon in the treated water. In this paper we tried to address these drawbacks by utilizing citrate modified Fe3O4 to adsorb protein from Leucaena leucocephala as the active coagulating agent. The effect of trisodium citrate concentration and protein adsorption pH to the adsorbed protein was investigated. It was found that the trisodium citrate concentration of 0.5 M and pH 4.0 gave the highest protein adsorption. The obtained magnetic coagulant was furthermore characterized using Scanning Electron Microscopy, X-ray Diffraction, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy, and Transmission Electron Microscopy to observe the characteristics before and after protein adsorption. Furthermore, the effect of pH (2 to 10) and coagulant dosage (60 to 600 mg L-1) to the removal of synthetic Congo red wastewater and sludge volume formation was investigated. It was found that pH 3 was the best pH for coagulation due to charge neutralization mechanism of leucaena protein. Furthermore the highest removal was obtained at dosage 420 mg L-1 with 80% removal. This result was comparable with crude extract of leucaena with half settling time (20 min) and lower increase of permanganate value, indicating lower increase of dissolved organics in the treated water.

scholarly journals Adsorbed leucaena protein on citrate modified Fe3O4 nanoparticles: synthesis, characterization, and its application as magnetic coagulant

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hans Kristianto ◽  
Edwin Reynaldi ◽  
Susiana Prasetyo ◽  
Asaf K. Sugih
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Protein Adsorption ◽  
Trisodium Citrate ◽  
Settling Time ◽  
Treated Water ◽  
Citrate Concentration ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Dissolved Organics ◽  
Coagulant Dosage ◽  
Before And After

AbstractNatural coagulants from plants resources have gained a lot of attention as it is renewable, biodegradable, non-hazardous, lower cost, and less sludge generated compared to chemical coagulants. However there are still some drawbacks, namely long settling time and possible increase of dissolved organic carbon in the treated water. In this paper we tried to address these drawbacks by utilizing citrate modified Fe3O4 to adsorb protein from Leucaena leucocephala as the active coagulating agent. The effect of trisodium citrate concentration and protein adsorption pH to the adsorbed protein was investigated. It was found that the trisodium citrate concentration of 0.5 M and pH 4.0 gave the highest protein adsorption. The obtained magnetic coagulant was furthermore characterized using Scanning Electron Microscopy, X-ray Diffraction, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy, and Transmission Electron Microscopy to observe the characteristics before and after protein adsorption. Furthermore, the effect of pH (2 to 10) and coagulant dosage (60 to 600 mg L− 1) to the removal of synthetic Congo red wastewater and sludge volume formation was investigated. It was found that pH 3 was the best pH for coagulation due to charge neutralization mechanism of leucaena protein. Furthermore the highest removal was obtained at dosage 420 mg L− 1 with 80% removal. This result was comparable with crude extract of leucaena with half settling time (20 min) and lower increase of permanganate value, indicating lower increase of dissolved organics in the treated water.

scholarly journals Adsorbed Leucaena protein on citrate modified Fe3O4 nanoparticles: synthesis, characterization, and its application as magnetic coagulant

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hans Kristianto ◽  
Edwin Reynaldi ◽  
Susiana Prasetyo ◽  
Asaf K Sugih
Keyword(s):  
Protein Adsorption ◽  
Lower Cost ◽  
Trisodium Citrate ◽  
Settling Time ◽  
Treated Water ◽  
Citrate Concentration ◽  
Dissolved Organics ◽  
Coagulant Dosage ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Natural Coagulants

Abstract Natural coagulants from plants resources have gained a lot of attention as it is renewable, biodegradable, non-hazardous, lower cost, and less sludge generated compared to chemical coagulants. However there are still some drawbacks, namely long settling time and possible increase of dissolved organic carbon in the treated water. In this paper we tried to address these drawbacks by utilizing citrate modified Fe3O4 to adsorb protein from Leucaena leucocephala as the active coagulating agent. The effect of trisodium citrate concentration and protein adsorption pH to the adsorbed protein was investigated. It was found that the trisodium citrate concentration of 0.5 M and pH 4.0 gave the highest protein adsorption. The obtained magnetic coagulant was furthermore characterized using SEM, XRD, FTIR, and TEM, to observe the characteristics before and after protein adsorption. Furthermore the effect of pH (2.0 to 10.0) and coagulant dosage (60 to 600 mg L-1) to the removal of synthetic Congo red wastewater and sludge volume formation was investigated. It was found that pH 3.0 was the best pH for coagulation due to charge neutralization mechanism of leucaena protein. Furthermore the highest removal was obtained at dosage 420 mg L-1 with 80% removal. This result was comparable with crude extract of leucaena with half settling time (20 min) and lower increase of permanganate value, indicating lower increase of dissolved organics in the treated water.

scholarly journals Adsorbed Leucaena protein on citrate modified Fe3O4 nanoparticles: synthesis, characterization, and its application as magnetic coagulant

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hans Kristianto ◽  
Edwin Reynaldi ◽  
Susiana Prasetyo ◽  
Asaf K Sugih
Keyword(s):  
Protein Adsorption ◽  
Lower Cost ◽  
Trisodium Citrate ◽  
Settling Time ◽  
Treated Water ◽  
Citrate Concentration ◽  
Dissolved Organics ◽  
Coagulant Dosage ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Natural Coagulants

Abstract Natural coagulants from plants resources have gained a lot of attention as it is renewable, biodegradable, non-hazardous, lower cost, and less sludge generated compared to chemical coagulants. However there are still some drawbacks, namely long settling time and possible increase of dissolved organic carbon in the treated water. In this paper we tried to address these drawbacks by utilizing citrate modified Fe3O4 to adsorb protein from Leucaena leucocephala as the active coagulating agent. The effect of trisodium citrate concentration and protein adsorption pH to the adsorbed protein was investigated. It was found that the trisodium citrate concentration of 0.5 M and pH 4.0 gave the highest protein adsorption. The obtained magnetic coagulant was furthermore characterized using SEM, XRD, FTIR, and TEM, to observe the characteristics before and after protein adsorption. Furthermore the effect of pH (2.0 to 10.0) and coagulant dosage (60 to 600 mg L-1) to the removal of synthetic Congo red wastewater and sludge volume formation was investigated. It was found that pH 3.0 was the best pH for coagulation due to charge neutralization mechanism of leucaena protein. Furthermore the highest removal was obtained at dosage 420 mg L-1 with 80% removal. This result was comparable with crude extract of leucaena with half settling time (20 min) and lower increase of permanganate value, indicating lower increase of dissolved organics in the treated water.

scholarly journals Adsorbed Leucaena Protein on Citrate Modified Fe3O4 Nanoparticles: Synthesis, Characterization, and Its Application As Magnetic Coagulant

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hans Kristianto ◽  
Edwin Reynaldi ◽  
Susiana Prasetyo ◽  
Asaf K Sugih
Keyword(s):  
Protein Adsorption ◽  
Leucaena Leucocephala ◽  
Lower Cost ◽  
Trisodium Citrate ◽  
Settling Time ◽  
Citrate Concentration ◽  
Adsorbed Protein ◽  
Coagulant Dosage ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Natural Coagulants

Abstract Natural coagulants from plants resources have gained a lot of attention as it is renewable, biodegradable, non-hazardous, lower cost, and less sludge generated compared to chemical coagulants. However there are still some drawbacks, namely long settling time and possible increase of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) in the treated water. In this paper we tried to address these drawbacks by utilizing citrate modified Fe3O4 to adsorb protein from Leucaena leucocephala as the active coagulating agent. The effect of trisodium citrate concentration and protein adsorption pH to the adsorbed protein was investigated. It was found that the trisodium citrate concentration of 0.5 M and pH 4.0 gave the highest protein adsorption. The obtained magnetic coagulant was furthermore characterized using SEM, XRD, FTIR, and TEM, to observe the characteristics before and after protein adsorption. Furthermore the effect of pH (2-10) and coagulant dosage (60-600 mg. L-1) to the removal of synthetic Congo red wastewater and sludge volume formation was investigated. It was found that pH 3.0 was the best pH for coagulation due to charge neutralization mechanism of leucaena protein. Furthermore the highest removal was obtained at dosage 420mg. L-1 with 80% removal. This result was comparable with crude extract of leucaena with half settling time (20 min) and lower increase of permanganate value.

Preparation of Cellulose Acetate Ultra-Fine Fibers Containing Quasi-Spherical Gold Nanoparticles by Electrospinning Method

2011 ◽  
Vol 391-392 ◽  
pp. 400-403
Author(s):  
Dong Mei Zhao ◽  
Li Guo Sun ◽  
Li Li Lv ◽  
Jian Li
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Gold Nanoparticles ◽  
Cellulose Acetate ◽  
Trisodium Citrate ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Au Nps ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Electrospinning Method ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Spherical Gold Nanoparticles

Quasi-spherical gold nanoparticles(Au NPs) prepared by trisodium citrate reduction of HAuCl4were dispersed into cellulose acetate(CA) ultra-fine fibers by electrospinning. The optical properties of Au NPs before and after electrospinning were measured by UV-vis spectrometer. The morphology and distribution of Au NPs in CA ultra-fine fibers were observed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The morphology and diameter of Au NPs/CA fibers were studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The crystallinity change of CA fiber before and after adding Au NPs was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD).

scholarly journals Polystyrene/Montmorillonite Nanocomposites: Study of the Morphology and Effects of Sonication Time on Thermal Stability

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mashael Alshabanat ◽  
Amal Al-Arrash ◽  
Waffa Mekhamer
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Solution Method ◽  
Sonication Time ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Polystyrene Matrix ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Silicate Layers ◽  
Thermal Stability Of

Polymer nanocomposites of polystyrene matrix containing 10% wt of organo-montmorillonite (organo-MMT) were prepared using the solution method with sonication times of 0.5, 1, 1.5, and 2 hours. Cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) is used to modify the montmorillonite clay after saturating its surface with Na+ions. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were used to characterize the montmorillonite before and after modification by CTAB. The prepared nanocomposites were characterized using the same analysis methods. These results confirm the intercalation of PS in the interlamellar spaces of organo-MMT with a very small quantity of exfoliation of the silicate layers within the PS matrix of all samples at all studied times of sonication. The thermal stability of the nanocomposites was measured using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The results show clear improvement, and the effects of sonication time are noted.

scholarly journals Modification of Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles with 3-(Trimethoxysilyl)propyl Methacrylate Silane Coupling Agent

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Thuy-Chinh Nguyen ◽  
Tien-Dung Nguyen ◽  
Duc-Toan Vu ◽  
Duc-Phuong Dinh ◽  
Anh-Hiep Nguyen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Tio2 Nanoparticles ◽  
Coupling Agent ◽  
Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Nano Tio2 ◽  
Propyl Methacrylate ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Modification Of Titanium

This paper presents some characteristics, properties, and morphology of TiO2 nanoparticles (nano-TiO2) modified with various contents of 3-(trimethoxysilyl)propyl methacrylate (TMSPM) coupling agent. The treatment process was carried out in ethanol solvent at 50oC using ammonia as a catalyst for hydrolysis reaction of silane to silanol. Infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, transmission electron microscopy, field emission scanning electron microscopy, dynamic light scattering, ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction methods were used for determination of the characteristics, properties of nano-TiO2 before and after treatment. In addition, the contact angle and grafting efficiency of TMSPM on the surface of TiO2 nanoparticles was also evaluated. The obtained results confirmed that TMSPM was grafted to the TiO2 nanoparticles, the agglomeration of nano-TiO2 was decreased, and surface of TiO2 nanoparticles became hydrophobic after modification by TMSPM.

scholarly journals Barium-Encapsulated Biodegradable Polycaprolactone for Sulfate Removal

Water ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 1789
Author(s):  
Changseok Han ◽  
Mallikarjuna Nadagouda
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Barium Carbonate ◽  
High Capacity ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Ohio River ◽  
Sulfate Removal ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Before And After ◽  
High Resolution Tem ◽  
The Media

Various compositions of barium carbonate (BaCO3) loaded polycaprolactone (PCL) composites were prepared, including 2.5/97.5, 10/90, 30/70, 50/50 and 90/10 (PCL/BaCO3), via re-precipitation technique. Small-scale column tests were conducted to study the efficiency of sulfate removal using the PCL/BaCO3 composites. The composites before and after their use to remove sulfate were extensively characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), high-resolution TEM (HR-TEM), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). As PCL is a biodegradable polymer, these composites are environmentally friendly and have several advantages over barium sulfate precipitation in overcoming clogging issues in filters or resins due to collection of natural organic matter (NOM). The media used in this study exhibited high capacity and was able to remove more than 90% sulfate from synthetic sulfate containing waters and NOM samples collected from the Ohio River.

Study on Microstructure Differences of Coal Samples before and after Loading

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Jiajia Liu ◽  
Yingxiang Fang ◽  
Gaini Jia ◽  
Shouqi Chen ◽  
Jianmin Hu
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Coal Seam ◽  
Coal Sample ◽  
Coal Seam Gas ◽  
Adsorbed Gas ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Parallel Layer ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Spectrum Area ◽  
Nmr Techniques

The microscopic pore structure of coal affects the content of adsorbed gas. The microstructure of coal sample before and after loading is different, which will affect the adsorption and permeability of coal seam gas. In order to study this difference, the authors carried out mercury intrusion experiments on coal containing different coal samples and used nondestructive nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) techniques, scanning electron microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy, to study the microstructure of coal samples before and after loading. The experimental results show that the pores of coal samples are mainly micropores and small pores, and the mesopores and macropores are relatively few. The T2 spectrum area of the coal sample is significantly increased after loading, and the parallel-layer coal samples’ T2 spectrum area is 46735, which is 9112 more than the vertical layer coal samples. The T2 spectrum of the vertical coalbed of saturated water samples shows a three-peak shape, the peak of the T2 spectrum is 12692, and the parallel bedding shows a bimodal morphology. The peak area of the T2 spectrum is 11277. The permeability of the parallel bedding coal sample is good, and the coal sample exhibits anisotropic properties. The pores and cracks of the coal samples increased after loading, and the localized area of the coal sample collapsed and formed a fracture zone, which was not conducive to the occurrence of coal seam gas. Further explanation of the changes in the permeability of the coal sample before and after loading will affect the gas storage and transportation.

scholarly journals Endothelium-derived hyperpolarizing factor in preeclampsia: heterogeneous contribution, mechanisms, and morphological prerequisites

2008 ◽  
Vol 294 (2) ◽  
pp. R510-R519 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leanid Luksha ◽  
Henry Nisell ◽  
Natallia Luksha ◽  
Marius Kublickas ◽  
Kjell Hultenby ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Transmission Electron Microscopy ◽  
Subcutaneous Fat ◽  
Normal Pregnancy ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Main Pathway ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Cytochrome P 450 ◽  
Group 1

We hypothesized that in preeclampsia (PE), contribution of endothelium-derived hyperpolarizing factor (EDHF) and the mechanism/s of its action differ from that in normal pregnancy (NP). We aimed to assess endothelial function and morphology in arteries from NP and PE with particular focus on EDHF. Arteries (≈200 μm) were dissected from subcutaneous fat biopsies obtained from women undergoing cesarean section. With the use of wire myography, responses to the endothelium-dependent agonist bradykinin (BK) were determined before and after inhibition of pathways relevant to EDHF activity. The overall responses to BK in arteries from PE ( n = 13) and NP ( n = 17) were similar. However, in PE, EDHF-mediated relaxation was reduced ( P < 0.05). All women within the PE group were divided into two subgroups: with more ( group 1) or less ( group 2) than 50% reduction of EDHF-typed responses after 18-α-glycyrrhetinic acid (an inhibitor of myoendothelial gap junctions, MEGJs). The division showed that 1) MEGJs are principally involved when the EDHF contribution is reduced; and 2) when the EDHF contribution is similar to that in NP, the H2O2 and/or cytochrome P-450 epoxygenase products of arachidonic acid (AA), along with MEGJs, confer EDHF-mediated relaxation. In contrast, MEGJs were the main pathway for EDHF in NP. The abundant presence of MEGJs in arteries from NP but deficiency of them in PE was observed using transmission electron microscopy. We conclude that PE is associated with heterogeneous contribution of EDHF, and the mechanism behind EDHF-typed responses is mediated either by MEGJs alone or in combination with H2O2 or cytochrome P-450 epoxygenase metabolites of AA.

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