scholarly journals The Performance of the Finnish Diabetes Risk Score (FINDRISC) in Detecting Undiagnosed Type 2 Diabetes among Kenyan adults aged 18–69 years

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Innocent Bambeiha Mugume ◽  
Solomon T Wafula ◽  
Damazo T Kadengye ◽  
Josefien Van Olmen
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Risk Score ◽  
Secondary Analysis ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Undiagnosed Diabetes ◽  
Operating Characteristics ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference

Abstract Background: Diabetes mellitus is growing to epidemic proportions especially in LMICs. The disease is often undiagnosed until clinical manifestation of related complications. Africa, has the highest proportion of undiagnosed diabetes and in Kenya, is estimated at 53%. Studies have however demonstrated that early diagnosis & prevention delays its onset and related complications. Diagnosing & screening diabetes in Kenya, is however costly and not readily available. The alternative use of diabetes screening risk score tools advocated such as FINDRISC have not been validated for use in Kenya. We therefore aimed to measure the performance of the FINDRISC as a screening tool for undiagnosed type 2 diabetes among Kenya adults. Methods: A secondary analysis of a Kenya STEPwise cross-sectional survey conducted between April and June 2015 was carried out. The modified FINDRISC and simplified FINDRISC versions were created based on available secondary data and regression analyses performed. Non-parametric analyses of the areas under the receiver operating characteristics curve (AUC), and statistics of the modified FINDRISC and simplified FINDRISC diagnostic tests were analyzed. Results: A total of 4,027 data observations of individuals aged 18−69 years were analyzed. The prevalence of undiagnosed diabetes and prediabetes were estimated at 1.8% and 2.6% respectively. The AUC of the modified FINDRISC and simplified FINDRISC in detecting undiagnosed diabetes were 0.7481 and 0.7486 respectively, with no statistically significant difference (p=0.9118). With an optimal cut-off ≥ 7, the simplified FINDRISC had a higher PPV (7.9%) and diagnostic odds (OR:6.65, CI: 4.43 – 9.96) of detecting undiagnosed T2D than the modified FINDRISC. Conclusion: The simple and non-invasive modified FINDRISC and simplified FINDRISC tools performed well in detecting undiagnosed diabetes and may be useful in the Kenyan population and other similar population settings. Considering the context of the Kenyan population settings, the simplified FINDRISC is preferred.

scholarly journals The Efficacy of New Chinese Diabetes Risk Score in Screening Undiagnosed Type 2 Diabetes and Prediabetes: A Community-Based Cross-Sectional Study in Eastern China

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Tao Mao ◽  
Jiayan Chen ◽  
Haijian Guo ◽  
Chen Qu ◽  
Chu He ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Risk Score ◽  
Eastern China ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Diabetes Risk ◽  
Undiagnosed Diabetes ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Community Residents ◽  
Diabetes Risk Score

The New Chinese Diabetes Risk Score (NCDRS) is one of the recommended tools for screening undiagnosed type 2 diabetes in China. However, its performance in detecting undiagnosed diabetes needs to be verified in different community populations. Also, it is unknown whether NCDRS can be used in detecting prediabetes. In the present study, we aimed to evaluate the performance of NCDRS in detecting undiagnosed diabetes and prediabetes among the community residents in eastern China. We applied NCDRS in 7675 community residents aged 18-65 years old in Jiangsu Province. The results showed that the participants with undiagnosed diabetes reported the highest NCDRS value, followed by those with prediabetes (P<0.001). The best cut-off points of NCDRS for detecting undiagnosed diabetes and prediabetes were 27 (with a sensitivity of 78.0% and a specificity of 57.7%) and 27 (with a sensitivity of 66.0% and a specificity of 62.9%). The AUCs of NCDRS for identifying undiagnosed diabetes and prediabetes were 0.749 (95% CI: 0.739~0.759) and 0.694 (95% CI: 0.683~0.705). These results demonstrate the excellent performance of NCDRS in screening undiagnosed diabetes in the community population in eastern China and further provide evidence for using NCDRS in detecting prediabetes.

scholarly journals The Finnish Diabetes Risk Score Is Associated with Insulin Resistance and Progression towards Type 2 Diabetes

2009 ◽  
Vol 94 (3) ◽  
pp. 920-926 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter E. H. Schwarz ◽  
Jiang Li ◽  
Manja Reimann ◽  
Alta E. Schutte ◽  
Antje Bergmann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Diabetes Risk ◽  
Operating Characteristics ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional

Abstract Objective: The Finnish Diabetes Risk Score (FINDRISC) questionnaire is a practical screening tool to estimate the diabetes risk and the probability of asymptomatic type 2 diabetes. In this study we evaluated the usefulness of the FINDRISC to predict insulin resistance in a population at increased diabetes risk. Design: Data of 771 and 526 participants in a cross-sectional survey (1996) and a cohort study (1997–2000), respectively, were used for the analysis. Data on the FINDRISC and oral glucose tolerance test parameters were available from each participant. The predictive value of the FINDRISC was cross-sectionally evaluated using the area under the curve-receiver operating characteristics method and by correlation analyses. A validation of the cross-sectional results was performed on the prospective data from the cohort study. Results: The FINDRISC was significantly correlated with markers of insulin resistance. The receiver operating characteristics-area under the curve for the prediction of a homeostasis model assessment insulin resistance index of more than five was 0.78 in the cross-sectional survey and 0.74 at baseline of the cohort study. Moreover, the FINDRISC at baseline was significantly associated with disease evolution (P &lt; 0.01), which was defined as the change of glucose tolerance during the 3 yr follow-up. Conclusions: The results indicate that the FINDRISC can be applied to detect insulin resistance in a population at high risk for type 2 diabetes and predict future impairment of glucose tolerance.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Sleep Disturbance and correlates in Chinese Older Adults with type 2 diabetes

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu-Xing Gong ◽  
Cai-Lan Hou ◽  
Shi-Bin Wang ◽  
Fei Wang ◽  
Zhuo-Hui Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Sleep Disturbance ◽  
Sleep Disturbances ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Chinese Older Adults ◽  
Significant Difference

Abstract Objective To examine the prevalence of sleep disturbances, the socio-demographic and clinical correlates in Chinese older adults with type 2 diabetes (T2DM). Methods A cross-sectional survey of 195 patients with T2DM was conducted using standardized instruments. Results The prevalence of any type of sleep disturbances was 38.5%, the incidence of DIS, DMS, and EMA were 23.6%, 25.6% and 26.2%, respectively. No statistically significant difference was observed in socio-demographic data between participants with and without sleep disturbances except age. Sleep disturbances were associated with more severe depressive symptoms and lower quality of life (QOL). Only 32% of patients suffering sleep disturbance received treatment. Conclusions Sleep disturbance is common in Chinese older patients with T2DM, but the rate of treatment appears low. More aggressive measures should be implemented to improve the assessment and treatment of sleep disturbances in patients with T2DM.

scholarly journals Validity of the Finnish Diabetes Risk Score for Detecting Undiagnosed Type 2 Diabetes among General Medical Outpatients in Botswana

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernard Omech ◽  
Julius Chacha Mwita ◽  
Jose-Gaby Tshikuka ◽  
Billy Tsima ◽  
Oathokwa Nkomazna ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Risk Score ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Total Population ◽  
Diabetes Risk ◽  
Undiagnosed Diabetes ◽  
Haemoglobin A1c ◽  
Diabetes Risk Score ◽  
Medical Outpatients

This was a cross-sectional study designed to assess the validity of the Finnish Diabetes Risk Score for detecting undiagnosed type 2 diabetes among general medical outpatients in Botswana. Participants aged ≥20 years without previously diagnosed diabetes were screened by (1) an 8-item Finnish diabetes risk assessment questionnaire and (2) Haemoglobin A1c test. Data from 291 participants were analyzed (74.2% were females). The mean age of the participants was 50.1 (SD = ±11) years, and the prevalence of undiagnosed diabetes was 42 (14.4%) with no significant differences between the gender (20% versus 12.5%,P=0.26). The area under curve for detecting undiagnosed diabetes was 0.63 (95% CI 0.55–0.72) for the total population, 0.65 (95% CI: 0.56–0.75) for women, and 0.67 (95% CI: 0.52–0.83) for men. The optimal cut-off point for detecting undiagnosed diabetes was 17 (sensitivity = 48% and specificity = 73%) for the total population, 17 (sensitivity = 56% and specificity = 66%) for females, and 13 (sensitivity = 53% and specificity = 77%) for males. The positive predictive value and negative predictive value were 20% and 89.5%, respectively. The findings indicate that the Finnish questionnaire was only modestly effective in predicting undiagnosed diabetes among outpatients in Botswana.

Glycemic Control Comparative of Metformin and Glimepiride in Monotherapy of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patient at Islamic Jemursari Hospital Surabaya in 2018

2021 ◽  
Vol 71 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-29
Author(s):  
Rachma Putri Nariswari ◽  
Gwenny Ichsan Prabowo ◽  
Hermina Novida ◽  
Nurina Hasanatuludhhiyah
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Glycemic Control ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Diabetes Mellitus Patient ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Tissue Sensitivity

Introduction: Type 2 diabetes mellitus is caused by decreased tissue sensitivity to insulin. The prevalence of diabetes in the world has almost doubled since 1980, from 4.7% to 8.5% in adult population. Early diagnosis and treatment aimed at normalizing glycemic control are very important. The objective of this study was to evaluate and compare glycemic control of metformin and glimepiride in monotherapy of type 2 diabetes mellitus patients at Islamic Jemursari Hospital Surabaya. Method: This was a retrospective observational study using secondary data (medical record), include glycemic control (RPG) before and two months after receiving therapy of outpatients’ type 2 diabetes mellitus with metformin or glimepiride therapy in 2018. 96 samples were found that fit the inclusion criteria. The data were analyzed by Mann-Whitney test. Result: Most patients were female, aged 50-69 years old, and dosage of metformin therapy 1500 mg/day or glimepiride therapy 2 mg/day. There was no significant difference (p>0.05) of glycemic control (RPG) of metformin compared to glimepiride therapies in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients at Islamic Jemursari Hospital Surabaya in 2018. Conclusion: Metformin and glimepiride were not significantly different in glycemic control (RPG). There were patients with RPG >200 mg/dl after two months of metformin or glimepiride therapy.  

scholarly journals Breastfeeding support and barriers to women with gestational diabetes mellitus: a nationwide cross-sectional survey of hospitals in Japan

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mayumi Matsunaga ◽  
Yaeko Kataoka ◽  
Yumiko Igarashi ◽  
Toshiko Fukui ◽  
Masumi Imura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
General Information ◽  
Breastfeeding Support ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Organizational Barriers

Abstract Background Despite the benefits of breastfeeding for women with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) and their infants, breastfeeding is less likely to be performed by this group. This study aimed to examine the current levels of implementation of breastfeeding support to women with GDM in Japan and to clarify barriers to promoting breastfeeding among this population. Methods A 25-item questionnaire was developed by the authors to investigate the current levels of implementation of breastfeeding support for women with GDM provided in hospitals, and to explore barriers for promoting breastfeeding among these women. The questionnaire was sent to all 1046 hospitals facilitating childbirth in Japan. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze the quantitative data, and content analysis was used to analyze qualitative data from the open-ended questions. Results All 296 respondents were included in this study. Regarding breastfeeding support, 95.2% of the respondents provided general information on breastfeeding to GDM women during antenatal midwife consultations. However, the benefits of breastfeeding for preventing type 2 diabetes were addressed by only 48.0%. Likewise, although follow-up services (e.g., telephone support or breastfeeding consultations) were conducted in 88.9% of hospitals, only 50.7% of hospitals informed women that breastfeeding decreases the risk of developing type 2 diabetes after GDM. Regarding barriers, seven categories and 20 subcategories about promoting breastfeeding for women with GDM were extracted and abstracted into the following three themes: Barriers associated with mother and infant, Barriers associated with health professionals, and Organizational barriers. Conclusions In Japan, most hospitals that responded provided general breastfeeding support from the antenatal to postpartum periods. However, the benefits of breastfeeding in terms of preventing the incidence of type 2 diabetes following GDM were insufficiently communicated to women with GDM. Furthermore, there were numerous barriers to promoting breastfeeding among women with GDM.

scholarly journals The Frequency of Malnutrition in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miraç Vural Keskinler ◽  
Güneş Feyizoğlu ◽  
Kübra Yıldız ◽  
Aytekin Oğuz
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Outpatient Clinic ◽  
High Body Mass Index ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Nutritional Risk ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Nrs 2002

Objective: Obesity is one of the most common comorbidities of diabetes mellitus (DM) whose frequency is rapidly increasing nowadays. Although obesity caused by excessive and unbalanced nutrition often accompanies diabetes; malnutrition is another complication of diabetes. This study was conducted to investigate the frequency of malnutrition in individuals with diabetes. Method: This study is a cross-sectional study. The patients with type 2 diabetes followed up in the diabetes outpatient clinic of a university hospital between February and March 2018 were included in the study. Anthropometric measurements of the patients and “Nutritional Risk Screening-2002” (NRS-2002) scores were recorded. Results: A total of 222 (F: 132 59.4%) patients were included in the study. When two groups with higher NRS (≥3) and lower NRS (<3) scores less than 3 were compared, any significant difference was not detected between two groups in terms of age, waist circumference and HbA1c values. Only BMI was found to be lower in the group with malnutrition risk (p: 0.030). When the patients were evaluated in terms of diabetes treatments and risk of malnutrition, any significant intergroup difference was not found (p: 0.847). Conclusion: It was found that there is a risk of malnutrition in one of every seven diabetics with a high body mass index who were being followed up in the diabetes outpatient clinic.

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