scholarly journals Assessment of physicochemical and radon-attributable radiological parameters of drinking water samples of Pithoragarh district, Uttarakhand

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Prakhar Singh ◽  
OP Nautiyal ◽  
Manish Joshi ◽  
Ankur Kumar ◽  
Taufiq Ahamad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Activity Concentration ◽  
Radon Activity ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Radon Monitor ◽  
Radiological Dose ◽  
Drinking Water Samples

Abstract This study evaluates the quality of drinking water samples (sample size = 52) taken from various locations of Pithoragarh district, Uttarakhand. The parameters include physiochemical properties viz. total dissolved solids (TDS in mg/L), electrical conductivity/salinity (µS/cm), pH and radiological dose attributable to radon in water (µSv/y). TDS values for the tested samples varied within the range of 18–434 mg/L with average value of 148 mg/L. Electrical conductivity and pH for these samples was measured as 36–868 µS/cm (average: 296 µS/cm) and 6.8–8.2 (average: 7.2), respectively. Radon activity concentration for these water samples was measured using scintillation-based radon monitor, immediately after sampling at the location site. Radon activity concentration was measured as 0.6–81.9 Bq/L with an average value of 17.8 Bq/L. The paper also estimates the annual effective ingestion dose (µSv/y), annual effective inhalation dose (µSv/y) and total effective dose (µSv/y) attributable to radon in drinking water samples. Spatial patterns for the observed variations have also been interpreted for the dataset obtained over the terrestrial region.

scholarly journals Bacteriological Examination of Water supply and Drinking Water at Household level in Makalbari Area by the Most Probable Number Method

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 146-152
Author(s):  
Bharati Shakya ◽  
Supri Raj Shrestha ◽  
Vinutha Silvanus
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Most Probable Number ◽  
Drinking Water Source ◽  
Probable Number ◽  
Household Level ◽  
Two Samples ◽  
Drinking Water Samples

Water safety and quality are fundamental to human development and well-being. Yet, at least 2 billion people are using a drinking water source contaminated with feces worldwide. This study was conducted to assess the types of water supply, storage and methods of purification of drinking water and to examine the bacteriological quality of supplied and drinking water at household level by most probable number (MPN) test in Makalbari area in Gokarneshwor Municipality, Kathmandu. A total of 80 households were selected using simple random sampling technique and two samples (one from main water supply and another from drinking water, n=160 water samples) were collected from each household. Ethical clearance was taken from the Nepal Medical College Institutional Review Committee. SPSS version 16.0 was used for statistical analysis. Majority of water supply samples 65 (81.2%) were from tap, 11 (13.8%) were from well and 4 (5.0%) samples were from bore well. Bacteriologically, of the total water supply samples, 34 (42.5%) samples were excellent, 16 (20.0%) samples were suspicious and 30 (37.5%) samples were unsatisfactory by MPN index quality. Most of the households stored drinking water in the tanks 34 (42.5%). Most of the water samples 29 (36.3%) were directly consumed from the water supply without purification. Among the directly consumed drinking water samples, 13 (44.8%) samples showed unsatisfactory MPN index. Most commonly used methods of water purification was filtration 21 (26.2%). Of the total drinking water samples, 33 (41.25%) samples were positive for total coliform. Thirty-two (40.0%) of the households reported diarrhea in past one year. A highly significant association was found between MPN index of drinking water and occurrence of diarrhea in the households. The quality of the most of the water samples from water supply and drinking water were unsatisfactory. Inspite of this, drinking water was not purified in some of the households. Moreover, few of the drinking water samples were not potable even after purification. Therefore, community should be made aware to improve quality of drinking water in households.

scholarly journals The influence of electrogalvanic device on scaling

2013 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 698-705 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marjana Simonič ◽  
Irena Ban
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Treatment Method ◽  
Aragonite Crystal ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Drinking Water Samples

AbstractThe use of an electrogalvanic device for scale neutralisation is descibed in this paper. Physico-chemical analyses were performed before and after the treatment. The results were compared with those obtained by using magnetic water treatment device. By measuring some individual parameters and the implementation of chemical analysis, the satisfactory functioning of the electrogalvanic device was demonstrated. The quality of drinking water did not change much after the water treatment method. The results of determination of calcium carbonate saturating index showed that the raw drinking water is in carbonate equlibrium as well as both treated water samples. The calcite/aragonite ratio was studied by means of microscopy and X-ray powder diffraction. Inspection of crystals formed during the experiments with microscopy indicated that aragonite crystal structure of the precipitates prevailed over the calcite stucture. The diffractograms showed that the share of aragonite increased after using the electrogalvanic device compared with raw drinking water samples where the share of calcite was higher.

scholarly journals Impact of Seasonal Variation on Bacteriological Quality of Drinking Water

1970 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdul Hussain Shar ◽  
Yasmeen Faiz Kazi ◽  
Irshad Hussain Soomro
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Seasonal Variation ◽  
Water Sample ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Diarrhoeal Disease ◽  
Total Coliform ◽  
Bacteriological Quality ◽  
Potential Source ◽  
Drinking Water Samples

To assess the bacteriological quality 768 drinking water samples were collected from different locations in Khairpur City, Sindh, Pakistan over a period of two years from January 2006 to December 2007. The study reveals that out of 768 drinking water samples 567 (73.83%) samples were found to be contaminated with total coliform among them 85 (11.06%) found in the January-March period, 182 (23.70%) in April-June period, 188 (24.47%) in July-September, 112 (14.58%) in October-December period. Faecal coliform was found in 351 (45.70%) water sample, in which 49 (15.80%) occurred during January-March, 137 (17.83%) during April-June, 136 (17.71%) during July-September and 69 (8.98%) during September-December. It can be concluded from the results of the present study that bacteriological quality of two-third drinking water in Khairpur City is not safe as the water is the potential source of diarrhoeal disease agents. Keywords: Drinking water; Khairpur City; Faecal pollution; DiarrhoeaDOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjm.v25i1.4862 Bangladesh J Microbiol, Volume 25, Number 1, June 2008, pp 69-72

Bacteriological quality of drinking water at point of use and hand hygiene of primary food preparers: implications for household food safety

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 224-230
Author(s):  
S. G. D. N. Lakshmi Reddi ◽  
R. Naveen Kumar ◽  
G. M. SubbaRao ◽  
M. Vishnu Vardhana Rao ◽  
R. V. Sudershan
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Food Safety ◽  
Hand Hygiene ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Faecal Coliforms ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Point Of Use ◽  
Drinking Water Samples

Quality of water for consumption and food processing activities is universally accepted as an essential component to ensure food safety at household (HH) level. Along with safe water, hand hygiene is also an important factor for reducing diarrheal illnesses. This was a cross-sectional study conducted in rural and urban HHs to detect hygiene indicators in drinking water samples at point of use (PoU) (n = 150) and their association with the hand hygiene of primary food preparers (n = 150). Overall, 24.7% and 9.3% of drinking water samples (PoU), 48% and 20% of hand rinse samples were contaminated by faecal coliforms and E. coli, respectively. Both drinking water (PoU) and hand rinse samples collected from rural HHs showed higher contamination, followed by those from urban slums and low income HHs. Significant association (p < 0.05) and probable risk with faecal coliforms (OR. 2.5; 95% CI: 1.1–5.4) and E. coli (OR. 14.5; 95% CI: 4.1–50.7) was found between hand rinses and drinking water samples that had bacteriological contamination. These results suggest that there was an extensive cross contamination at HH level. So, targeted education is essential on safe food/water handling practices in HHs to prevent food safety risks.

scholarly journals TO THE QUESTION ABOUT THE QUALITY OF DRINKING WATER SYSTEM OF CENTRALIZED DRINKING WATER SUPPLY OF REPUBLIC OF MORDOVIA

2017 ◽  
pp. 41-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.V. Abramkin ◽  
R.S. Rakhmanov
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Water System ◽  
Drinking Water Supply ◽  
Surface Water Resources ◽  
Drinking Water System ◽  
Scientific Substantiation ◽  
Drinking Water Samples

Surface water resources of Mordovia Republic characterized by an inconstant output during a year, therefore, underground artesian waters use for household and drinking water supply. In 2009–2015 the quality of drinking water samples taken in 22 districts of Mordovia was unfavorable according to content of fluorine (taken in 13 districts and city of Saransk), iron (taken in 11 districts and city of Saransk), strontium (1 district), iodine was absent in all water samples. The main contaminant was fluorides, their level was up to 1,5–5,2 MAC. The development and scientific substantiation of hygienic actions on group and individual prevention of exposure to elevated concentrations of fluorine as well as iodine deficiency in human body are required.

scholarly journals Bacteriological quality of drinks from vending machines

1986 ◽  
Vol 97 (3) ◽  
pp. 497-500 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. R. Hunter ◽  
S. H. Burge
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Code Of Practice ◽  
Bacteriological Quality ◽  
Vending Machines ◽  
Drinking Water Samples

SUMMARYA survey on the bacteriological quality of both drinking water and flavoured drinks from coin-operated vending machines is reported. Forty-four per cent of 25 drinking water samples examined contained coliforms and 84% had viable counts of greater than 1000 organisms ml at 30 °C. Thirty-one flavoured drinks were examined; 6% contained coliforms and 39% had total counts greater than 1000 organisms ml. It is suggested that the D.H.S.S. code of practice on coin-operated vending machines is not being followed. It is also suggested that drinking water alone should not be dispensed from such machines.

Analisis Kualitas Mikrobiologi Air Minum Isi Ulang di Depo Air Minum Isi Ulang Kelurahan Jemur Wonosari Kota Surabaya

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 159-166
Author(s):  
Ajeng Dwi Rahmawati ◽  
Akas Yekti Pulih Asih ◽  
Edza Aria Wikurendra
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Laboratory Tests ◽  
Laboratory Data ◽  
Microbiological Quality ◽  
Microbiological Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Drinking Water Samples

Background: Based on the preliminary test using laboratory tests from three refill drinking water samples in Jemur Wonosari Village, all three were positive for Coliform. Therefore, researchers are interested in researching Analysis of the Microbiological Quality of Refilled Drinking Water at the Refill Drinking Water Depot in Jemur Wonosari Village. Objectives: Knowing the microbiological quality of refill drinking water produced at the refill drinking water depot in Jemur Wonosari Village. Research Methods: This research is a descriptive study with a cross-sectional quantitative approach using primary and secondary data sources. The population in this study were all 13 refill drinking water depots. The research takes the total population. Refillable drinking water samples were tested at the Gayung Sari Regional Health Service Laboratory. Data analysis used descriptive analysis by comparing the results of laboratory tests with Permenkes 492 of 2010. Results: The results showed that 13 samples found that 13 samples were positive for Coliform, and 13 samples were negative for Escherichia coli. According to Permenkes No. 429 of 2010, the maximum limit per 100 ml of sample is 0. So the 13 samples of refill drinking water based on microbiological parameters, namely Escherichia coli in refilled drinking water, meet the standard while the Coliform does not meet the standard. Conclusion: All refill drinking water depots in Keluraham Jemur Wonosari produce refilled drinking water whose quality does not meet the government's microbiological standards. There is a need for increased supervision and guidance at refill drinking water depots.   Keywords: Drinking Water, Microbiological Analysis, Refill Drinking Water Depot

scholarly journals Identification of microbial contaminants in drinking water samples of Ahmedabad using PCR

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 905-909 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rohi T Bhatt ◽  
Manisha A Nagwadiya ◽  
Sheji Chandran ◽  
Bhupesh N Yagnik
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Fungal Species ◽  
Its Rdna ◽  
Water Supplies ◽  
Municipal Water ◽  
16S Rdna Pcr ◽  
Drinking Water Samples

Quality of drinking water is one of the greatest anxiety of water consumers with contamination of different pathogenic microorganisms especially fungi and bacteria. Water-borne pathogen contamination in water resources and related diseases are a major water quality concern throughout the world. A motivation for this study was the numerous reports about these contaminations of drinking water and the associated diseases. Water samples were collected from various locations of Ahmedabad in February 2017. The samples were analyzed by 16S rDNA PCR and ITS rDNA PCR since the DNA sequence polymorphisms in the 16S ribosomal DNA and ITS rDNA can be used for the identification of bacterial and fungal species respectively. The PCR amplicons were obtained for each water samples, were sequenced and the species identity was determined using NCBI-BLAST. Bacterial species of Aeromonas, Citrobacter and E. coli along with two fungal species were obtained from municipal water supplies and parab waters. Species of Aspergillus and Penicillium represented the most common fungi in municipal water supplies. This is the first report of molecular study from drinking water facilities of Ahmedabad. This study has clearly revealed that currently, the microbiological quality of the water is inferior for drinking purpose due to bacterial and fungal contamination. This study also showed the potential PCR based identification as a rapid technique for identifying microorganisms in drinking water samples.

Temporal variability of disinfection by-products concentration in urban public water system

2013 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 393-398
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Temporal Variability ◽  
Water System ◽  
The Other ◽  
Major Constituent ◽  
System P ◽  
Public Water System ◽  
Drinking Water Samples ◽  
By Products

The occurrence of trihalomethanes (THMs) was studied in the drinking water samples from urban water supply network of Karachi city that served more than 18 million people. Drinking water samples were collected from 58 locations in summer (May-August) and winter (November-February) seasons. The major constituent of THMs detected was chloroform in winter (92.34%) and summer (93.07%), while the other THMs determined at lower concentrations. Summer and winter concentrations of total THMs at places exceed the levels regulated by UEPA (80 μg l-1) and WHO (100 μg l-1). GIS linked temporal variability in two seasons showed significantly higher median concentration (2.5%-23.06%) of THMs compared to winter.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document