scholarly journals Epidemiologic Factors and Ocular Manifestations of Twin Children Compared with Controls

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhale Rajavi ◽  
Hamideh Sabbaghi ◽  
Reza Hasani ◽  
Narges Behradfar ◽  
Saeid Abdi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Monozygotic Twins ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Strabismus Surgery ◽  
Mirror Image ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Twin Children

Abstract Purpose: To compare the epidemiological and ocular findings of twin children with non- twin age matched individuals as their control.Methods: In this cross sectional study, a total of 92 twins (184 cases) were compared with 182 non- twin matched children. The comprehensive ophthalmic examinations including measurement of the best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), cycloplegic refraction, ocular deviation, strabismus as well as the anterior and posterior ophthalmic examinations were conducted. An organized questionnaire was also filled out for both groups to record their demographic information. Monozygotic twins were considered if there were similarity of their phenotypic characteristics and gender, otherwise the twins were considered as dizygotic. The mirror- image twins (MIT) was defined based on the laterality of symmetrical ocular characteristics of twins.Results: In this study, the mean age of the study subjects was 7.08±4.68 and 7.56±4.02 years in the twins and non-twins groups, respectively. Among the twins 27 (30%) were monozygotic. Refractive form of MIT was seen in 5 twins (5%). BCVA in the twins group (0.07±0.16LogMAR) was significantly worse than non-twins (0.03±0.08LogMAR, P<0.001) and higher percentage of them were amblyopic (21.8% versus 10.5%, P=0.005). Twin and controls had history of strabismus surgery in 7.8% and 3.3%, respectively (P=0.009). Multivariate analysis showed significant correlation among low gestational age and female gender, low birth weight and seizure. Conclusion: Female sex, less gestational age, low birth weight, amblyopia and strabismus were significantly higher in twins. Therefore, it is important to check their refractive error, anisometropia, MIT phenomenon and amblyopia to prevent their further complications.

scholarly journals The Prevalence of Necrotizing Enterocolitis and Associated Factors Among Enteral Fed Preterm and Low Birth Weight Neonates Admitted in Selected Public Hospitals in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: A Cross-sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 2333794X2110196
Author(s):  
Sitotaw Molla Mekonnen ◽  
Daniel Mengistu Bekele ◽  
Fikrtemariam Abebe Fenta ◽  
Addisu Dabi Wake
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Necrotizing Enterocolitis ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Addis Ababa ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Public Hospitals ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional

Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) remains to be the most critical and frequent gastrointestinal disorder understood in neonatal intensive care units (NICU). The presented study was intended to assess the prevalence of NEC and associated factors among enteral Fed preterm and low birth weight neonates. Institution based retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted on 350 enteral Fed preterm and low birth weight neonates who were admitted at selected public hospitals of Addis Ababa from March 25/2020 to May 10/2020. The data were collected through neonates’ medical record chart review. A total of 350 participants were enrolled in to the study with the response rate of 99.43%. One hundred eighty-four (52.6%) of them were male. The majority 123 (35.1%) of them were (32 + 1 to 34) weeks gestational age. The prevalence of NEC was (25.4%) (n = 89, [95% CI; 21.1, 30.0]). Being ≤28 weeks gestational age (AOR = 3.94, 95% CI [2.67, 9.97]), being (28 + 1 to 32 weeks) gestational age (AOR = 3.65, 95% CI [2.21, 8.31]), birth weight of 1000 to 1499 g (AOR = 2.29, 95% CI [1.22, 4.33]), APGAR score ≤3 (AOR = 2.34, 95% CI [1.32, 4.16]), prolonged labor (AOR = 2.21, 95% CI [1.35, 6.38]), maternal chronic disease particularly hypertension (AOR = 3.2, 95% CI [1.70, 5.90]), chorioamnionitis (AOR = 4.8, 95% CI [3.9, 13]), failure to breath/resuscitated (AOR = 2.1, 95% CI [1.7, 4.4]), CPAP ventilation (AOR = 3.7, 95% CI [1.50, 12.70]), mixed milk (AOR = 3.58, 95% CI [2.16, 9.32]) were factors significantly associated with NEC. Finally, the prevalence of NEC in the study area was high. So that, initiating the programs that could minimize this problem is required to avoid the substantial morbidity and mortality associated with NEC.

scholarly journals LOW BIRTH WEIGHT BABIES;

2017 ◽  
Vol 24 (08) ◽  
pp. 1176-1180
Author(s):  
Brig® Khalid Mehmood ◽  
Ijaz Ali ◽  
Syed Hyder Raza
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Data Collection Tool ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Normal Birth ◽  
Low Birth Weight Babies ◽  
Study Setting

Objectives: To determine the proportion of LBW Babies among those deliveredat DHQ Hospital Mirpur. Study design: Descriptive cross sectional study. Setting: DHQ hospitalMirpur AJK. Duration of study: January 2013-May 2013. Sample size: 459 deliveries. Studypopulation: women reporting in Peads OPD of DHQ hospital Mirpur AJ&K with their babiesduring study period. Sampling technique: Convenience method. Data collection tool: Datacollection Performa. Data analysis: SPSS version 14.0.Results: Out of 459 deliveriesconducted at Divisional Head Quarter hospital Mirpur, 149 cases of low birth weight babies(<2500gms) whereas the rest 310 had normal birth weight. Frequency of Low Birth Weight inmale new born babies was high, i.e ratio of male babies were 55% (82) out of 149 individualswhile females were 45% (67). Less than 37 weeks of gestational age, 37% (55) were pretermbabies and 37 – 42 weeks of gestational age, 63% (94) were full term babies.

scholarly journals Prevalence and risk factors associated with low birth weight babies-a cross sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (7) ◽  
pp. 1168
Author(s):  
Gurunathan Gopal
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Maternal Risk ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
The World

Background: Babies with a birth weight of less than 2500 grams, irrespective of the period of their gestation are termed as low birth weight (LBW) babies. Despite consistent efforts to improve the quality of maternal and child health, more than twenty million LBW babies are born every year throughout the world. The present study was to explore the effects of various maternal risk factors associated with low birth-weight of institutionally delivered newborns. Across the world, neonatal mortality is 20 times more likely for LBW babies compared to normal birth weight (NBW) babies (>2.5 kg).Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted in neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) of ACS Medical College and Hospital, Chennai from December 2019 to October 2020. Altogether 350 babies were taken who were delivered at ACS hospital.Results: The number of times of ANC attendance was also significantly associated with LBW, odds ratio (OR)=1.296, and p=0.001. The number of meals was not associated with LBW OR=0.946, and p=0.831. The gestational age assessed as completed weeks of pregnancy was significantly associated with LBW OR=3.302; p=0.00001.Conclusions: This study suggests that there are several factors interplaying which lead to LBW babies. Socio-demographic factors (maternal age and gestational age) and antenatal care are more important.

scholarly journals Sex, Conception Interval, Gestational Age, Apgar Score, and Anthropometric Surrogates in relation to Birth Weight of Bangladeshi Newborns: A Cross-Sectional Study

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bably Sabina Azhar ◽  
Md. Monirujjaman ◽  
Kazi Saiful Islam ◽  
Sadia Afrin ◽  
Md. Sabir Hossain
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Apgar Score ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Weight Status ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Anthropometric Parameters ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Infant Birth

In developing countries, where about 75% of births occur at home or in the community, logistic problems prevent the weighing of every newborn child. Baby born with a weight less than 2,500 g is considered low birth weight, since below this value birth-specific infant mortality begins to rise rapidly. In Bangladesh, the prevalence of low birth weight is unacceptably high. Infant's sex differences, birth to conception interval, gestational age, and Apgar score are associated with infant birth weight. To screen low-birth-weight babies, simple anthropometric parameters can be used in rural areas where 80–90% of deliveries take place. A sample of 343 newborn singletons, 186 male and 157 female babies, were studied in Southwest region of Bangladesh to examine the birth weight status of newborns and to identify the relationship between birth weight and other anthropometric parameters of newborns. The mean birth weight was 2754.81±465.57 g, and 28.6% were low-birth-weight (<2,500 g) babies. All key anthropometric parameters of the newborns significantly correlated with infant birth weight (P=0.05). Mid upper arm circumference and chest circumference were identified as the optimal surrogate indicators of LBW babies. In the community where weighing of newborns is difficult, these measurements can be used to identify the LBW babies.

scholarly journals The effect of birth interval on fetal outcomes

2016 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 169-176 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rajeeb Thapaliya ◽  
BK Rai ◽  
R Bhandari ◽  
P Rijal ◽  
PP Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Birth Interval ◽  
Perinatal Death ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Fetal Outcomes ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Age Range

Background: Perinatal mortality includes both deaths in the first week of life and fetal deaths (stillbirths). Over 130 million babies are born every year, and more than 10 million infants die before their fifth birthday and almost 8 million before their first birthday.Objectives: To make an effort to find out impact of birth interval on fetal outcomes like, low birth weight (weight less than 2500 grams regardless of gestational age), perinatal death (death within 28 weeks of gestation to 7 days of birth) in subsequent pregnancies.Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted in BPKIHS, Dharan in 2011. Patients included were women of second gravida between age group 20 -35 years .The consecutive convenience sampling method was used to collect the data. Study population was divided into three birth interval groups of <18, 18-59,>59 months respectively and fetal outcomes (low birth weight, gestational age, early neonatal death, Apgar score) were compared.Results: Out of included population majority (55.63%) of the women had age range of 20-25 years with the mean age of 25.30. Among the total 168 who were included 20(11.91%) were belongs to birth interval <18 months, 113(67.26%) were found in 18-59 months group and 35(20.83%) were in >59 months group.Conclusion: There was increased risk of preterm and low birth weight and perinatal death in women with birth interval <18 months as compared to women with birth interval 18-59 months and groups >59 months. Health Renaissance 2015;13(3): 169-176

scholarly journals Pica in Rural Obstetric Population: An Underestimated Nutritional Mystery

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 71-74
Author(s):  
Bhavna Kumare ◽  
Nikita Vijay
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Preterm Birth ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Paired Data ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Obstetric Population

ABSTRACT Objective To determine the prevalence of pica during pregnancy, maternal hemoglobin levels at delivery and the association of pica with low birth weight and preterm birth. Study design A descriptive cross-sectional study. Subjects/setting Two hundred pregnant women aged 18 to 35 years admitted in labor room of Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, NKPSIMS. Study duration 1 March 2012 to 28 February 2013. Main outcome measures — maternal hemoglobin at delivery, mean birth weight and mean gestational age were compared in pica and no pica group. Statistical analysis Mean, percentage and chi-square test (for paired data). Results Seventeen percent of these pregnant women practiced pica. The most common pica substance that was consumed was chalk (44.1%) and clay (38.2%). Women in pica group had lower hemoglobin levels 8.63 ± 1.12 gm% (mean ± SD) at delivery than women who did not report pica (10.03 ± 0.96 gm%). There was no difference in mean birth weight and gestational age of neonates born to women with pica group and no pica group. Conclusion The findings suggest that pica practices are associated with significantly lower maternal hemoglobin levels at delivery, but are not associated with low birth weight and preterm birth. How to cite this article Kumare B, Somalwar S, Vijay N. Pica in Rural Obstetric Population: An Underestimated Nutritional Mystery. J South Asian Feder Obst Gynae 2014;6(2):71-74.

Leptin and adiponectin concentrations in infants with low birth weight: relationship with maternal health and postnatal growth

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Juliana S. Fernandez ◽  
Fabíola I. Suano-Souza ◽  
Maria do Carmo Franco ◽  
Fernando L. Fonseca ◽  
Maria Wany L. Strufaldi
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Postnatal Growth ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Blood Concentrations ◽  
Nutritional Recovery ◽  
Almost All

Abstract Health in pregnancy and infancy can affect the risk of chronic non-communicable diseases. We aimed to describe leptin and adiponectin concentrations in low birth weight (LBW) infants and identify possible associations with maternal nutritional status, adequacy for gestational age, nutritional recovery, and current dietary intake. A cross-sectional study with LBW infants (9–12 months) including maternal background and pre-pregnancy nutritional condition was performed. From the Infants: anthropometry at birth and current was expressed as z-score (weight: WAZ, length, head circumference), nutritional recovery, dietary intake, leptin, and adiponectin blood concentrations. The mean age of the 54 infants was 10.0 ± 1.5 months, 32 (59.3%) were female, 36 (66.7%) preterm, 23 (42.6%) small for gestational age (SGA), and 25 pregnancies (46.3%) were twin. Almost all (98%) of the infants intake energy and protein above the recommendation, and 47 (87.6%) consumed ultra-processed foods. At the time of the assessment, 8 (14.8%) were overweight and 4 (7.4%) had short stature. SGA infants showed faster weight recovery (WAZ 1.54; 95% CI 1.17, 1.91; p = 0.001), higher leptin’s concentration (3.0 ng/ml (1.7, 3.0) versus 1.6 ng/ml (0.9, 2.6); p = 0.032)), and leptin/adiponectin ratio (0.13 ± 0.08 versus 0.07 ± 0.07; p = 0.018). The pre-gestational BMI was a modifier of the effect of WAZ on leptin levels (p = 0.027) in LBW infants. Higher pre-gestational BMI increased the effect of WAZ variation (birth and current) on leptin levels. Concluding, LBW infants showed early changes in leptin and adiponectin concentrations, influenced by maternal (pre-gestational BMI), intrauterine (gestational age adequacy – SGA), and postnatal weight gain. This combination of factors may increase the risk of NCD for this group of children.

scholarly journals Prevalence and Risk Factors of Low Birth Weight in Rafsanjan, Iran; 2017: A cross-sectional study

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Farzaneh Hajizadeh ◽  
Ahmad Jamalizade ◽  
Mohsen Rezaeian ◽  
Reza Vazirinejad ◽  
Saiid Bitaraf ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Maternity Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Quality Healthcare

Background: Low birth weight is an effective factor in neonatal mortality and morbidity. Growth retardation and subsequent chronic diseases are other complications of LBW. The goal of the present study was to determine the prevalence and related factors of LBW in Rafsanjan city in 2016. Methods: This cross-sectional study investigated existing data of all live births born in Niknafas Rafsanjan Maternity Hospital, the main maternity hospital in the city, and other delivery centers, from March 2016 to 2017. The information was analyzed in two stages using univariable, and multivariable logistic regression model, to control the effect of confounding variables. Results: The prevalence of LBW was 9.7% in Iranian population of which 4.5% had a gestational age of 37 weeks and more. In non-Iranian population (Afghan), the prevalence of LBW was 13.8%, and the percent of gestational age of 37 and more with weight under 2500 gram was 6.7. The main risk factor was gestational age under 37(OR= 38.38). Other important variables in this study that had significant effects after controlling for the confounding were age over 35 years (OR= 1.485), addiction (OR= 4.057), Abortion history (OR= 1.2), Place of living  (Village vs. city) (OR=0.93), Maternal educational Level (OR= 1.85), infant’s gender (Boy vs. girl) (OR= 0.74), and delivery type (OR=1.39) Conclusion:  Despite the provided health services, there was found a high prevalence of LBW, so delivering quality healthcare for all pregnant women and screening for high-risk pregnancies, such as, prevention of premature delivery, educational interventions, and quality healthcare for high risk groups and beside, more research on the recognition of other risk factors can have important role in LBW prevention.

scholarly journals A cross-sectional study of glucose regulation in young adults with very low birth weight: impact of male gender on hyperglycaemia

BMJ Open ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. e000327 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryosuke Sato ◽  
Hiroshi Watanabe ◽  
Kenji Shirai ◽  
Shigeru Ohki ◽  
Rieko Genma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Very Low Birth Weight ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Male Gender ◽  
Glucose Regulation ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Weight Impact
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document