scholarly journals Resistin Levels and Inflammatory and Endothelial Dysfunction Markers in Obese Postmenopausal Women With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annalisa GIANDALIA ◽  
Angela Alibrandi ◽  
Letterio Giorgianni ◽  
Federico Lo Piano ◽  
Francesca Consolo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Endothelial Dysfunction ◽  
Univariate Analysis ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Vascular Cell Adhesion ◽  
Chd Risk ◽  
Post Menopausal ◽  
And Control

Abstract Background: Obesity- associated coronary heart disease (CHD) risk is higher in women than in men with type 2 diabetes (T2DM). Resistin, an adipokine secreted by adispose tissue, may contribute to this higher risk.Aims: To explore the relationships among resistin levels and common inflammatory and endothelial dysfunction markers and CHD risk in obese post-menopausal T2DM women.Methods: Serum levels of resistin, hsCRP, IL-6, Soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule (sVCAM), homocysteine (tHcy), HOMA-IR and metabolic parameters were determined in a group of 132 T2DM women with and without documented CHD and in 55 non-diabetic women.Results: Resistin, sVCAM, IL-6 and tHcy levels were comparable in T2DM and controls. CHD women showed higher resistin, sVCAM and tHcy levels than those without CHD, and for resistin this difference remained significant after age-adjustment (P=0.013); conversely hsCRP were ~2X higher in T2DM women than in controls (P=0.0132) without any difference according to CHD history.At univariate analysis resistin levels were significantly associated with age, waist circumference, hypertension, tHcy, hsPCR, sVCAM, IL-6, HDL-cholesterol, triglycerides and creatinine levels, but only creatinine, triglycerides, hsCRP, IL-6 and sVCAM were independent predictors of resistin levels at stepwise regression analysis.Resistin levels were independent predictors of CHD, increasing the risk by 1.15 times (0.986-1.344 95% CI), together with age, tHcy, LDL-C and hypertension. Conclusions: Circulating resistin levels were comparable in obese/overweight T2DM and control women. In T2DM women, resistin levels correlated with markers of renal function, systemic inflammation and endothelial dysfunction and were independently associated with a higher CHD risk.

scholarly journals Resistin levels and inflammatory and endothelial dysfunction markers in obese postmenopausal women with type 2 diabetes mellitus

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Giandalia ◽  
A. Alibrandi ◽  
L. Giorgianni ◽  
F. Lo Piano ◽  
F. Consolo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Endothelial Dysfunction ◽  
Univariate Analysis ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Vascular Cell Adhesion ◽  
Chd Risk ◽  
Post Menopausal ◽  
And Control

Abstract Background Obesity-associated coronary heart disease (CHD) risk is higher in women than in men with type 2 diabetes (T2DM). Resistin, an adipokine secreted by adispose tissue, may contribute to this higher risk. Aims To explore the relationships among resistin levels and common inflammatory and endothelial dysfunction markers and CHD risk in obese post-menopausal T2DM women. Methods Serum levels of resistin, hsCRP, IL-6, Soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule (sVCAM), homocysteine (tHcy), HOMA-IR and metabolic parameters were determined in a group of 132 T2DM women with and without documented CHD and in 55 non-diabetic women. Results Resistin, sVCAM, IL-6 and tHcy levels were comparable in T2DM and controls. CHD women showed higher resistin, sVCAM and tHcy levels than those without CHD, and for resistin this difference remained significant after age-adjustment (P = 0.013); conversely hsCRP were ~ 2X higher in T2DM women than in controls (P = 0.0132) without any difference according to CHD history. At univariate analysis resistin levels were significantly associated with age, waist circumference, hypertension, tHcy, hsPCR, sVCAM, IL-6, HDL-cholesterol, triglycerides and creatinine levels, but only creatinine, triglycerides, hsCRP, IL-6 and sVCAM were independently associated to resistin levels at stepwise regression analysis. Resistin levels were independently associated to CHD, increasing the risk by 1.15 times (0.986–1.344 95% CI), together with age, tHcy, LDL-C and hypertension. Conclusions Circulating resistin levels were comparable in obese/overweight T2DM and control women. In T2DM women, resistin levels correlated with markers of renal function, systemic inflammation and endothelial dysfunction and were independently associated with a higher CHD risk.

scholarly journals Age- and Gender-Related Differences in LDL-Cholesterol Management in Outpatients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giuseppina Russo ◽  
Basilio Pintaudi ◽  
Carlo Giorda ◽  
Giuseppe Lucisano ◽  
Antonio Nicolucci ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Diabetes Duration ◽  
Lipid Lowering ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Chd Risk ◽  
And Gender

Background. Dyslipidemia contribute to the excess of coronary heart disease (CHD) risk observed in women with type 2 diabetes (T2DM). Low density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) is the major target for CHD prevention, and T2DM women seem to reach LDL-C targets less frequently than men.Aim. To explore age- and gender-related differences in LDL-C management in a large sample of outpatients with T2DM.Results. Overall, 415.294 patients (45.3% women) from 236 diabetes centers in Italy were included. Women were older and more obese, with longer diabetes duration, higher total-cholesterol, LDL-C, and HDL-C serum levels compared to men (P<0.0001). Lipid profile was monitored in ~75% of subjects, women being monitored less frequently than men, irrespective of age. More women did not reach the LDL-C target as compared to men, particularly in the subgroup treated with lipid-lowering medications. The between-genders gap in reaching LDL-C targets increased with age and diabetes duration, favouring men in all groups.Conclusions. LDL-C management is worst in women with T2DM, who are monitored and reach targets less frequently than T2DM men. Similarly to men, they do not receive medications despite high LDL-C. These gender discrepancies increase with age and diabetes duration, exposing older women to higher CHD risk.

scholarly journals The Healthy Eating Index and the Alternate Healthy Eating Index as predictors of 10-year CHD risk in Cuban Americans with and without type 2 diabetes

2011 ◽  
Vol 14 (11) ◽  
pp. 2006-2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatma G Huffman ◽  
Gustavo G Zarini ◽  
Elizabeth Mcnamara ◽  
Aarthi Nagarajan
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Healthy Eating ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Healthy Eating Index ◽  
Blood Cholesterol ◽  
Total Blood ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Chd Risk ◽  
Cuban Americans

AbstractObjectiveTo examine the relationship between dietary patterns, as measured by the Healthy Eating Index (HEI) and the Alternate Healthy Eating Index (AHEI), and 10-year predicted CHD risk in Cuban Americans with and without type 2 diabetes (T2D).DesignIn a cross-sectional study participants were selected from two randomly generated mailing lists of individuals with and without T2D. HEI and AHEI scores were calculated from a self-reported FFQ. CHD risk was determined using the 10-year CHD risk calculator of the Adult Treatment Panel III.SettingMiami Dade and Broward Counties, FL, USA.SubjectsCuban Americans (n 358) aged ≥30 years.ResultsParticipants with T2D had a higher waist circumference (P = 0·001) and 10-year CHD risk score (P = 0·008) compared with those without T2D. Participants without T2D had a higher energy intake (P = 0·034), total blood cholesterol (P = 0·007), HDL cholesterol (P = 0·001) and HEI score (P = 0·006) compared with participants with T2D. AHEI score was a significant predictor of 10-year CHD risk (F(1,351) = 4·44, P = 0·036). An association between AHEI and 10-year CHD risk was found only for participants with T2D (β = −0·244, se = 0·049, P = 0·001).ConclusionThe present study showed that only participants with T2D with significantly higher AHEI scores had lower scores for 10-year predicted CHD risk. No association was found between HEI score and CHD risk among Cuban Americans. Individuals with T2D are advised to follow the AHEI dietary pattern.

scholarly journals The ceramide- and phosphatidylcholine- based Coronary Event Risk Test2 (CERT2) and cardiovascular mortality in men and women with type 2 diabetes

2021 ◽  
Vol 42 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
A Leiherer ◽  
A Muendlein ◽  
C H Saely ◽  
B Larcher ◽  
A Mader ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Cardiovascular Mortality ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Univariate Analysis ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Coronary Event ◽  
Interaction Terms ◽  
Event Risk ◽  
Risk Predictor

Abstract   The recently introduced Coronary Event Risk Test version 2 (CERT2) is a validated cardiovascular risk predictor score that uses circulating ceramide and phosphatidylcholine concentrations. The purpose of this study was to investigate the power of CERT2 to predict cardiovascular mortality in 280 male and 121 female patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM). Prospectively, we recorded 55 cardiovascular deaths in men and 19 in women during a mean follow-up time of 7.6±3.6 and 8.1±3.4 years respectively. Overall, cardiovascular survival decreased with increasing CERT2 risk categories (figure 1). In Cox regression models, CERT2 significantly predicted the incidence of cardiovascular mortality in male patients with T2DM (unadj. HR 1.82 [1.39–2.37] per standard deviation; p&lt;0.001), the unadj. HR in women was 1.36 [0.83–2.22]; p=0.228). After adjustment for age, BMI, current smoking, LDL cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, hypertension, and statin use the HR in men was 1.73 [1.31–2.29]; p&lt;0.001) and 1.40 [083–2.36]; p=0.210 in women. Interaction terms CERT2 x gender were non-significant both in univariate analysis (p=0.354) and after multivariate adjustment (p=0.359). We conclude that sex does not significantly impact the association of CERT2 with cardiovascular mortality in patients with T2DM. FUNDunding Acknowledgement Type of funding sources: None. Figure 1

Abstract P191: Does ApoB/A1 Ratio Explain the Increased Risk of Cardiovascular Disease in Indian Asians Compared to Europeans?

Circulation ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 125 (suppl_10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sian-Tsung Tan ◽  
Abtehale Al-Hussaini ◽  
Sunaina Yadav ◽  
Joban Sehmi ◽  
Mika Ala-Korpela ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Coronary Artery Calcium ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Cholesterol Ratio ◽  
Chd Risk ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Chd Risk Factors

Introduction Coronary heart disease (CHD) mortality is ∼2-fold higher in Indian Asians (IA) than in European Whites (EW). This is not accounted for by conventional CHD risk factors (type-2 diabetes, cigarette smoking, hypertension, obesity, total or HDL cholesterol). The INTERHEART Study has reported that ApoB/A1 ratio is the single strongest risk factor for CHD accounting for ∼50% of CHD risk; the contribution of ApoB/A1 ratio to the excess CHD risk in IA is not known. Hypothesis We tested the hypothesis that ApoB/A1 ratio is higher in IA than EW and accounts for the ∼2-fold excess CHD risk in IA, independent of conventional CHD risk factors. Methodology We studied 1361 IA and 1028 EW men and women aged 35-75 years, participating in the London Life Sciences Population Study. All participants completed a structured health questionnaire and had blood pressure, height, weight, waist-hip ratio, fasting biochemistry measured. Coronary artery calcium (CAC) was measured by electron beam CT; Agatston score >0 was considered to indicate the presence of coronary atherosclerosis. Results Compared to EW, IA were younger, had higher prevalence of diabetes and hypertension, had higher WHR, and were less likely to smoke. Total and HDL cholesterol were lower, but Total-HDL cholesterol ratio was higher in IA ( table ). ApoB/A1 ratio was higher in IA compared to EW [0.71±0.15 vs. 0.67±0.16, p<0.001], and was independent of conventional CHD risk factors (p<0.001). In univariate analysis, ApoB/A1 ratio was associated with CAC in both populations [Odds ratio (OR) for CAC per 1 SD increase in ApoB/A1 ratio: IA 1.17 (1.05-1.30), p=0.006; EW 1.40 (1.23-1.59), p<0.001]. After adjustment for age, gender, and total-HDL cholesterol ratio, there was no association between ApoB/A1 ratio and CAC [OR: IA 0.95 (0.74-1.21), p=0.66; EW 0.98 (0.72-1.33), p=0.88]. Conclusions ApoB/A1 is higher in IA compared to EW, but not independently associated with coronary calcification in either population. ApoB/A1 ratio does not explain the ∼2-fold increased risk of CHD in IA. Europeans Indian Asians P-value N 1028 1361 Age (years) 55.5 54.2 0.002 Male gender (%) 70.3 62.0 <0.0001 Ever Smoked (%) 54.8 15.1 <0.0001 ApoB/A1 ratio 0.67 (0.16) 0.71 (0.15) <0.0001 Total: HDL Cholesterol Ratio 4.12 (1.10) 4.23 (1.03) <0.0001 HDL cholesterol (mmol/L) 1.37 (0.39) 1.24 (0.32) <0.0001 Type-2 Diabetes (%) 8.2 20.1 <0.0001 Treated Hypertension (%) 19.2 31.3 <0.0001 Waist-Hip Ratio 0.92 (0.08) 0.94 (0.08) <0.0001 Coronary artery calcium score greater than 0 (%) 54.1 51.1 0.15 Table: Characteristics of study participants

scholarly journals Effects of Low-Dose Pioglitazone on Serum Levels of Adiponectin, Dehydroepiandrosterone, Amyloid Beta Peptide, and Lipid Profile in Elderly Japanese People with Type 2 Diabetes

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Yuji Aoki
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Arachidonic Acid ◽  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Amyloid Beta ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Low Doses ◽  
Japanese People ◽  
Elderly Japanese

This study was performed to see how pioglitazone at low doses could affect blood biomarkers related to atherosclerosis and aging. The effects of an add-on treatment with pioglitazone (15 mg for males and 7.5 mg for females) for 6 months were assessed in 24 outpatients (12 males, 12 females) with type 2 diabetes aged ≥ 70 years. As doses of sulfonylurea were reduced in 10 patients, no significant differences in HbA1c and glucose levels were seen. After the treatment, serum levels of HDL cholesterol, arachidonic acid (predominant in males), and high-molecular-weight adiponectin significantly increased. The level of dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate significantly decreased. No significant changes were seen in those of small dense LDL cholesterol, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, and amyloid beta peptides 1–40 and 1–42. There was a slight but significant increase in body weight, but apparent adverse effects were not observed. In conclusion, pioglitazone at low doses increased serum adiponectin, HDL cholesterol, and arachidonic acid levels but decreased serum dehydroepiandrosterone level, not associated with glycemia, in elderly Japanese people with type 2 diabetes. An optimal dose of pioglitazone should be sought for to minimize its adverse effects and to fully exert its pleiotropic effects such as antiatherosclerotic and antiaging effects.

scholarly journals AGE/RAGE produces endothelial dysfunction in coronary arterioles in Type 2 diabetic mice

2008 ◽  
Vol 295 (2) ◽  
pp. H491-H498 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xue Gao ◽  
Hanrui Zhang ◽  
Ann Marie Schmidt ◽  
Cuihua Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Endothelial Dysfunction ◽  
Soluble Form ◽  
Diabetic Mice ◽  
Resistance Vessels ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
And Control ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic ◽  
Coronary Arterioles

We hypothesized that impaired nitric oxide (NO)-dependent dilation (endothelial dysfunction) in Type 2 diabetes results, in part, from elevated production of superoxide (O2•−) induced by the interaction of advanced glycation end products (AGE)/receptor for AGE (RAGE) and TNF-α signaling. We assessed the role of AGE/RAGE and TNF-α signaling in endothelial dysfunction in Type 2 diabetic (Leprdb) mice by evaluation of endothelial function in isolated coronary resistance vessels of normal control (nondiabetic, m Leprdb) and diabetic mice. Although dilation of vessels to the endothelium-independent vasodilator sodium nitroprusside (SNP) was not different between diabetic and control mice, dilation to the endothelium-dependent agonist acetylcholine (ACh) was reduced in diabetic vs. control mice. The activation of RAGE with RAGE agonist S100b eliminated SNP-potentiated dilation to ACh in Leprdb mice. Administration of a soluble form of RAGE (sRAGE) partially restored dilation in diabetic mice but did not affect dilation in control mice. The expression of RAGE in coronary arterioles was markedly increased in diabetic vs. control mice. We also observed in diabetic mice that augmented RAGE signaling augmented expression of TNF-α, because this increase was attenuated by sRAGE or NF-κB inhibitor MG132. Protein and mRNA expression of NAD(P)H oxidase subunits including NOX-2, p22phox, and p40phox increased in diabetic compared with control mice. sRAGE significantly inhibited the expression of NAD(P)H oxidase in diabetic mice. These results indicate that AGE/RAGE signaling plays a pivotal role in regulating the production/expression of TNF-α, oxidative stress, and endothelial dysfunction in Type 2 diabetes.

Decrease in Serum Levels of Adiponectin and Increase in 8-OHdG: a Culprit for Cognitive Impairment in the Elderly Patients with Type 2 Diabetes

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 44-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ting-Fu Huang ◽  
Zhi-Pei Tang ◽  
Shan Wang ◽  
Ming-Wei Hu ◽  
Lu Zhan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Elderly Patients ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Univariate Analysis ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Cognitive Outcome ◽  
Significant Difference

Background: Adiponectin and 8-Hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) are identified as important biomarkers in the pathogenesis process of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Whether adiponectin and 8-OHdG have a relation to cognitive decline in the elderly T2DM patients has been poorly understood. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of adiponectin and 8-OHdG in the elderly patients with T2DM and to determine the role of adiponectin and 8-OHdG in the cognitive impairment of the elderly patients with T2DM. Methods:: 57 individuals were recruited and analyzed , with 26 cases of T2DM without cognitive impairment and 31 cases of T2DM with cognitive impairment. All of them underwent an examination of diabetes scales and blood glucose at different times. A primary diagnosis of diabetes was in line with the diagnosis criteria set by the American Diabetes Association (ADA). Statistical significance was defined as a P-value of less than 0.05. Results:: The variables of sex, age, body mass index (BMI), hypertension, diabetes, metabolic syndrome, lacunar cerebral infarction, smoking and drinking in T2DM patients without cognitive impairment and with cognitive impairment showed no difference according to the univariate analysis exploring each variable separately (p>0.05). A significant difference was observed in the serum levels of adiponectin and 8-OHdG and the scales of MMSE and MoCA (p<0.05). Therefore, it was inferred that there is no correlation between glucose metabolic value and cognitive outcome of T2DM patients. Serum levels of adiponectin and 8-OHdG could act as biomarkers of cognitive impairment degree in the elderly T2DM patients. Conclusion:: Serum levels of adiponectin and 8-OHdG could act as specific and sensitive biomarkers for the early diagnosis and treatment of cognitive impairment in elderly T2DM patients. Serum levels of adiponectin and 8-OHdG have a close relation to the neurological cognitive outcome of the elderly T2DM patients.

Vitamin D Supplementation and Serum Levels of Magne-sium and Selenium in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients: Gender Dimorphic Changes

2014 ◽  
Vol 84 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 27-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nasser M. Al-Daghri ◽  
Khalid M. Alkharfy ◽  
Nasiruddin Khan ◽  
Hanan A. Alfawaz ◽  
Abdulrahman S. Al-Ajlan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Vitamin D Supplementation ◽  
Serum Selenium ◽  
Dependent Manner

The aim of our study was to evaluate the effects of vitamin D supplementation on circulating levels of magnesium and selenium in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). A total of 126 adult Saudi patients (55 men and 71 women, mean age 53.6 ± 10.7 years) with controlled T2DM were randomly recruited for the study. All subjects were given vitamin D3 tablets (2000 IU/day) for six months. Follow-up mean concentrations of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25-(OH) vitamin D] significantly increased in both men (34.1 ± 12.4 to 57.8 ± 17.0 nmol/L) and women (35.7 ± 13.5 to 60.1 ± 18.5 nmol/L, p < 0.001), while levels of parathyroid hormone (PTH) decreased significantly in both men (1.6 ± 0.17 to 0.96 ± 0.10 pmol/L, p = 0.003) and women (1.6 ± 0.17 to 1.0 ± 0.14 pmol/L, p = 0.02). In addition, there was a significant increase in serum levels of selenium and magnesium in men and women (p-values < 0.001 and 0.04, respectively) after follow-up. In women, a significant correlation was observed between delta change (variables at six months-variable at baseline) of serum magnesium versus high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol (r = 0.36, p = 0.006) and fasting glucose (r = - 0.33, p = 0.01). In men, there was a significant correlation between serum selenium and triglycerides (r = 0.32, p = 0.04). Vitamin D supplementation improves serum concentrations of magnesium and selenium in a gender-dependent manner, which in turn could affect several cardiometabolic parameters such as glucose and lipids.

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