scholarly journals Birthweight And Postnatal Growth As Predictors of Elevated Blood Pressure In Adolescents of Low Socioeconomic Condition: A Cohort Study In Northeast Brazil

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcelo S Oliveira ◽  
Fabiana C L S P Gonçalves ◽  
Pedro I. C. Lira ◽  
Sidrack L Vila Nova Filho ◽  
Sophie H Eickmann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Elevated Blood Pressure ◽  
Elevated Blood ◽  
Rapid Weight Gain ◽  
Low Socioeconomic ◽  
Postnatal Weight Gain

Abstract Objective: To evaluate low birthweight and rapid postnatal weight gain as predictors of elevated blood pressure in adolescence in a population of low socioeconomic status.Methods: A cohort study was carried out with 208 adolescents, 78 born with low weight and 130 born with appropriate weight. The infants were followed up during the first six postnatal months and reassessed at 8 and 18 years of age. The main exposure variables were birth weight and weight gain in the first six postnatal months. Rapid weight gain was defined when above 0.67 z score. The investigated co-variables were: sex, maternal height and family income at birth, breastfeeding duration from birth to six months, nutritional status at eight years old, socioeconomic conditions, nutritional status, fat mass index and physical activity level at 18 years. The outcome variable was the occurrence of elevated blood pressure at 18 years old.Results: The proportion of adolescents with elevated blood pressure was 37.5%. The multivariable logistic regression analysis showed the variables independently associated with a higher chance of elevated blood pressure in adolescence were rapid postnatal weight gain (OR=2.74; 95% CI 1.22-6.14; p=0.014), male sex (OR=4.15; 95% CI 1.66-40 10.38; p=0.002) and being physically active (OR=2.70; 95% CI 1.08-6.74; p=0.034).Conclusions: The occurrence of rapid weight gain in the first six postnatal months was a predictor for elevated blood pressure in adolescence. This result highlights the influence of factors related to development in early childhood on health problems in the future.

scholarly journals Elevated blood pressure and risk of mitral regurgitation: A longitudinal cohort study of 5.5 million United Kingdom adults

PLoS Medicine ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (10) ◽  
pp. e1002404 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kazem Rahimi ◽  
Hamid Mohseni ◽  
Catherine M. Otto ◽  
Nathalie Conrad ◽  
Jenny Tran ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
United Kingdom ◽  
Mitral Regurgitation ◽  
Elevated Blood Pressure ◽  
Longitudinal Cohort Study ◽  
Elevated Blood ◽  
Longitudinal Cohort

scholarly journals Sex, BMI and age differences in metabolic syndrome: the Dutch Lifelines Cohort Study

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 278-288 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandra N Slagter ◽  
Robert P van Waateringe ◽  
André P van Beek ◽  
Melanie M van der Klauw ◽  
Bruce H R Wolffenbuttel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Abdominal Obesity ◽  
Threshold Level ◽  
Gender Disparity ◽  
Elevated Blood Pressure ◽  
National Committee ◽  
Elevated Blood ◽  
Cross Sectional

Introduction To evaluate the prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) and its individual components within sex-, body mass index (BMI)- and age combined clusters. In addition, we used the age-adjusted blood pressure thresholds to demonstrate the effect on the prevalence of MetS and elevated blood pressure. Subjects and methods Cross-sectional data from 74,531 Western European participants, aged 18–79 years, were used from the Dutch Lifelines Cohort Study. MetS was defined according to the revised NCEP-ATPIII. Age-adjusted blood pressure thresholds were defined as recommended by the eight reports of the Joint National Committee (≥140/90 mmHg for those aged <60 years, and ≥150/90 mmHg for those aged ≥60 years). Results 19.2% men and 12.1% women had MetS. MetS prevalence increased with BMI and age. Independent of BMI, abdominal obesity dominated MetS prevalence especially in women, while elevated blood pressure was already highly prevalent among young men. Applying age-adjusted blood pressure thresholds resulted in a 0.2–11.9% prevalence drop in MetS and 6.0–36.3% prevalence drop in elevated blood pressure, within the combined sex, BMI and age clusters. Conclusions We observed a gender disparity with age and BMI for the prevalence of MetS and, especially, abdominal obesity and elevated blood pressure. The strict threshold level for elevated blood pressure in the revised NCEP-ATPIII, results in an overestimation of MetS prevalence.

scholarly journals Mismatch between poor fetal growth and rapid postnatal weight gain in the first 2 years of life is associated with higher blood pressure and insulin resistance without increased adiposity in childhood: the GUSTO cohort study

2020 ◽  
Vol 49 (5) ◽  
pp. 1591-1603
Author(s):  
Yi Ying Ong ◽  
Suresh Anand Sadananthan ◽  
Izzuddin M Aris ◽  
Mya Thway Tint ◽  
Wen Lun Yuan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Fetal Growth ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk ◽  
Elevated Blood ◽  
Only Children ◽  
Risk Biomarkers ◽  
Postnatal Weight Gain ◽  
Growth Deceleration

Abstract Background Using longitudinal ultrasounds as an improved fetal growth marker, we aimed to investigate if fetal growth deceleration followed by rapid postnatal weight gain is associated with childhood cardiometabolic risk biomarkers in a contemporary well-nourished population. Methods We defined fetal growth deceleration (FGD) as ultrasound-measured 2nd-3rd-trimester abdominal circumference decrease by ≥0.67 standard deviation score (SDS) and rapid postnatal weight gain (RPWG) as 0–2-year-old weight increase by ≥0.67 SDS. In the GUSTO mother-offspring cohort, we grouped 797 children into four groups of FGD-only (14.2%), RPWG-only (23.3%), both (mismatch, 10.7%) or neither (reference, 51.8%). Adjusting for confounders and comparing with the reference group, we tested associations of these growth groups with childhood cardiometabolic biomarkers: magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-measured abdominal fat (n = 262), liver fat (n = 216), intramyocellular lipids (n = 227), quantitative magnetic resonance-measured overall body fat % (BF%) (n = 310), homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) (n = 323), arterial wall thickness (n = 422) and stiffness (n = 443), and blood pressure trajectories (ages 3–6 years). Results Mean±SD birthweights were: FGD-only (3.11 ± 0.38 kg), RPWG-only (3.03 ± 0.37 kg), mismatch (2.87 ± 0.31 kg), reference (3.30 ± 0.36 kg). FGD-only children had elevated blood pressure trajectories without correspondingly increased BF%. RPWG-only children had altered body fat partitioning, higher BF% [BF = 4.26%, 95% confidence interval (CI) (2.34, 6.19)], HOMA-IR 0.28 units (0.11, 0.45)] and elevated blood pressure trajectories. Mismatch children did not have increased adiposity, but had elevated ectopic fat, elevated HOMA-IR [0.29 units (0.04,0.55)] and the highest blood pressure trajectories. Associations remained even after excluding small-for-gestational-age infants from analyses. Conclusions Fetal growth deceleration coupled with rapid postnatal weight gain was associated with elevated childhood cardiometabolic risk biomarkers without correspondingly increased BF%.

scholarly journals Investigating the incidence and risk factors of hypertension: A multicentre retrospective cohort study in Tabuk, Saudi Arabia

PLoS ONE ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. e0262259
Author(s):  
Umar Yagoub ◽  
Nasrin S. Saiyed ◽  
Bandar Al Qahtani ◽  
Attiya Mohammed Al Zahrani ◽  
Yassir Birema ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Family History ◽  
Retrospective Cohort ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
Elevated Blood Pressure ◽  
Elevated Blood

Background Hypertension is a major global health concern affecting approximately 1.13 billion people worldwide, with most of them residing in developing countries. The aim of this study was to determine the incidence of different stages of hypertension and its associated modifiable and non-modifiable risk factors among patients in military-setting hospitals in Tabuk, Saudi Arabia. Methods This retrospective cohort study was conducted at two hospitals in Tabuk, Saudi Arabia. The data were collected from hospital electronic records from 1 January 2019 to 31 December 2019. The blood pressure levels of patients from the last three separate medical visits were recorded. Descriptive statistics and multinomial logistic regression were used for the data analysis. Results The study included 884 hypertensive patients. The incidences of stage of elevated BP, stage 1, stage 2, and hypertension crisis were 60.0, 29.5, 7.0, and 3.5 cases per 1000 persons. Multivariate analysis indicated that progression from the stage of elevated blood pressure to hypertension crisis was significantly associated with advanced age (odds ratio [OR] = 3.62, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.99–8.42), male sex (OR = 2.84, 95% CI: 0.57–5.92), and a positive family history of hypertension (OR = 1.95, 95% CI: 1.23–3.09). Other key determinants of the development of stage of elevated blood pressure to hypertension crisis were current smoking status (OR = 1.74, 95% CI: 1.23–4.76), and physical inactivity (OR = 6.48, 95% CI: 2.46–9.14). Conclusion The incidence stage of elevated blood pressure was high among the patients investigated at armed forces hospitals in Tabuk, Saudi Arabia. The logistic regression model proposed in the present study can be used to predict the development of different stages of hypertension. Age, sex, marital status, family history, smoking status, and physical activity play an important role in the development of hypertension. Better strategies to improve awareness, screening, treatment, and management of hypertension are required in Saudi Arabia.

scholarly journals Nutritional status as a risk factor of elevated blood pressure in preschool children

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 097-103
Author(s):  
Ni Putu Indah Kusumadewi Riandra ◽  
Gusti Ayu Putu Nilawati ◽  
Ketut Suarta
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Preschool Children ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Heart Association ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Elevated Blood Pressure ◽  
Bivariate Analysis ◽  
Elevated Blood ◽  
Cross Sectional

Background: High blood pressure is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease and neurological disease among children and adults. The American Heart Association recommended blood pressure evaluation among children aged more than 3 years for early detection of complications. Nutritional status was considered to have association with elevated blood pressure in children. Objective: To assess the association between nutritional status and the blood pressure of preschool children in Denpasar, Bali. Methods: This was a descriptive analytic cross-sectional study. Four hundred and fifty-six children aged 3-6 years who attended Kindergarten 2019 in Denpasar were enrolled by the cluster random sampling design. Results: From 456 samples obtained ratio between boys and girls was 1,1: 1. Median age of the sample was 5 years (3-5 years old). The majority of nutritional status was well nourished (52.2%) and obesity was found 11.8%. majority children had normotension (64%), and followed by pre-hypertension (25.4%), hypertension stage 1 (8.6%) and hypertension stage 2 (2%). Bivariate analysis showed that obesity and sex were risk factor for toddler having higher level of blood pressure with. Multivariate analysis showed children with obesity and boys are 2.8- and 1.8-times more likely to have hypertension (CI 95% 1.72-4.81; CI 95% 1.24-2.76, respectively). Low birth weight and prematurity were not found to be significantly related to level of blood pressure. Conclusion: Children with obesity were found to be significantly related to elevated blood pressure (hypertension).

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